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Suppressing Manganese Dissolution from Lithium Manganese Oxide Spinel Cathodes with Single‐Layer Graphene
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Laila Jaber‐Ansari Kanan P. Puntambekar Soo Kim Muratahan Aykol Langli Luo Jinsong Wu Benjamin D. Myers Hakim Iddir John T. Russell Spencer J. Saldaña Rajan Kumar Michael M. Thackeray Larry A. Curtiss Vinayak P. Dravid Chris Wolverton Mark C. Hersam 《Liver Transplantation》2015,5(17)
Spinel‐structured LiMn2O4 (LMO) is a desirable cathode material for Li‐ion batteries due to its low cost, abundance, and high power capability. However, LMO suffers from limited cycle life that is triggered by manganese dissolution into the electrolyte during electrochemical cycling. Here, it is shown that single‐layer graphene coatings suppress manganese dissolution, thus enhancing the performance and lifetime of LMO cathodes. Relative to lithium cells with uncoated LMO cathodes, cells with graphene‐coated LMO cathodes provide improved capacity retention with enhanced cycling stability. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveals that graphene coatings inhibit manganese depletion from the LMO surface. Additionally, transmission electron microscopy demonstrates that a stable solid electrolyte interphase is formed on graphene, which screens the LMO from direct contact with the electrolyte. Density functional theory calculations provide two mechanisms for the role of graphene in the suppression of manganese dissolution. First, common defects in single‐layer graphene are found to allow the transport of lithium while concurrently acting as barriers for manganese diffusion. Second, graphene can chemically interact with Mn3+ at the LMO electrode surface, promoting an oxidation state change to Mn4+, which suppresses dissolution. 相似文献
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Sherry DM Kanan Y Hamilton R Hoffhines A Arbogast KL Fliesler SJ Naash MI Moore KL Al-Ubaidi MR 《PloS one》2012,7(6):e39702
To investigate the role(s) of protein-tyrosine sulfation in the retina and to determine the differential role(s) of tyrosylprotein sulfotransferases (TPST) 1 and 2 in vision, retinal function and structure were examined in mice lacking TPST-1 or TPST-2. Despite the normal histologic retinal appearance in both Tpst1(-/-) and Tpst2(-/-) mice, retinal function was compromised during early development. However, Tpst1(-/-) retinas became electrophysiologically normal by postnatal day 90 while Tpst2(-/-) mice did not functionally normalize with age. Ultrastructurally, the absence of TPST-1 or TPST-2 caused minor reductions in neuronal plexus. These results demonstrate the functional importance of protein-tyrosine sulfation for proper development of the retina and suggest that the different phenotypes resulting from elimination of either TPST-1 or -2 may reflect differential expression patterns or levels of the enzymes. Furthermore, single knock-out mice of either TPST-1 or -2 did not phenocopy mice with double-knockout of both TPSTs, suggesting that the functions of the TPSTs are at least partially redundant, which points to the functional importance of these enzymes in the retina. 相似文献
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Comparison of cDNA libraries derived from the spinal cord with those derived from the visual cortex by means of forward and reverse subtractive hybridization resulted in the cataloguing of 60 genes differentially expressed in the spinal cord. 1. The differentially expressed genes represent a mixture of novel and known sequences with known and unknown protein products. 2. The possibility that the subtraction process was simply overwhelmed by background sequences was significantly reduced by several observations including comparisons between suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) and mirror orientation selection (MOS). 3. Nearly half of all genes up-regulated in the spinal cord are of myelin origin. 4. Twenty-five percent of all up-regulated clones in the spinal cord versus the visual cortex are for proteolipid protein. 5. Ten percent of all up-regulated clones in spinal cord versus visual cortex are for ferretin heavy chain, which is known to be produced in oligodendroglial cells in the CNS. 6. Two of the up-regulated sequences, proteolipid protein and N-myc down-regulated gene 4, are identified with genes known to directly affect neuron survival. 7. Two of the up-regulated genes, ferritin and transferrin, are indirectly associated with apoptosis through their ability to sequester iron and reduce free radical formation. 相似文献
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This study reports a molecular analysis of pig WC1, a new member of the scavenger-receptor cysteine-rich (SRCR) superfamily. The pig WC1 contains up to six extra-cellular SRCR domains, highly homologous to other members of the family. However, the striking feature
of the WC1 gene, as for its cattle and sheep homologues, is that it is present as a multigene family showing extensive sequence diversity,
for both DNA and predicted protein sequence. The basis of this diversity was examined and was shown to be attributable to
several different causes. These included single base-pair changes within SRCR domains, the optional usage of whole domains
or exons, including a SRCR domain and the proximal “hinge” region, and alternative isoforms of the putative cytoplasmic tail.
These results suggest that WC1 may code for a new, though more primitive type of antigen recognition structure specific for γ/δ T cells.
Received: 12 November 1996 / Received: 10 March 1997 相似文献
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C V Kanan 《Acta morphologica Neerlando-Scandinavica》1970,7(3):293-299
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M.W. Kanan 《International journal for parasitology》1975,5(6):651-657
A study of the fine structure of Leishmania enriettii in the guinea-pig has been presented. There was close similarity to other members of the same genus and the finding of 2–3 axonemes (rhizoplasts) reported previously by other workers in non-dividing protozoa of the same species has not been confirmed. The functions of the main organelles and the morphological differences observed in comparison with those of other species have been reviewed. 相似文献
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Peters BA Kan Z Sebisanovic D Pujara K Wang Z Hong P Chow B Stinson J Carlton VE Pham TQ Stern H Waring P Hillan KJ Eberhard DA de Sauvage F Zheng J Faham M Seshagiri S 《Nature methods》2007,4(9):713-715
The discovery of somatic mutations in cancer tissue is extremely laborious, time-consuming and costly. In an evaluation comparing mismatch repair detection (MRD) against Sanger sequencing for somatic-mutation detection, we found that MRD had a specificity of 96% and a sensitivity of 92%. Our results showed that MRD is a robust and cost-effective alternative to Sanger sequencing for identifying somatic mutations in human tumors. 相似文献
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