Polydatin ameliorates chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment (chemobrain) by inhibiting oxidative stress,inflammatory response,and apoptosis in rats

ABSTRACT

Most breast cancer survivors receiving chemotherapy have severe cognitive impairment, often referred to as “chemobrain.” Polydatin (PLD) is known to have many biological activities. Thus, this study aimed to determine whether symptoms of chemobrain can be prevented or relieved by PLD. The chemobrain models were established by intraperitoneal injection of doxorubicin (DOX, 2 mg/kg) in rats once a week for 4 weeks (DOX group and DOX+PLD group). In the PLD group and DOX+PLD group, PLD (50 mg/kg) was administered orally to rats every day. We found that PLD treatment significantly protected against DOX-induced learning and memory impairment, restored hippocampal histopathological architecture. Furthermore, PLD suppressed DOX-induced oxidative stress through up-regulating Nrf2, inhibited inflammatory response by activating the NF-κB pathway, and reduced hippocampal apoptosis. Therefore, the present study indicated that PLD offered neuroprotection against DOX-induced chemobrain. PLD may assist in preventing chemobrain after chemotherapy in patients with cancers.     

A Waveguide-Coupled Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor Using an Au-MgF2-Au Structure

Plasmonics - We describe an Au-MgF2-Au trilayered waveguide-coupled surface plasmon resonance (WCSPR) sensor in this article. The characteristics of this sensing structure are compared with those...     

西藏虎头兰高效植株再生体系的研究

为建立西藏虎头兰(Cymbidium tracyanum)的高效快速繁殖体系,该研究以野生西藏虎头兰种子为外植体,通过分析不同基本培养基和植物激素配比对原球茎诱导、增殖和分化的影响,以及光照时间和培养温度对试管苗生长的影响,筛选出适宜西藏虎头兰植株高效再生的条件。结果表明:适宜西藏虎头兰生长的基本培养基为1/2 MS;种子萌发和原球茎诱导的最适培养基为1/2 MS+1.0 mg·L~(-1)6-BA+0. 5 mg·L~(-1)NAA,培养50 d后,有95.00%的种子发育成原球茎;原球茎增殖的最适培养基为1/2 MS+2.0 mg·L~(-1)NAA,培养30 d,增殖倍数为4.25;原球茎的最适分化培养基为1/2 MS+2.0 mg·L~(-1)NAA+60 g·L~(-1)土豆泥+0.5g·L~(-1)活性炭,培养10 d,不定芽发生率为98.33%,培养40 d,幼苗生根率为94.67%;试管苗在温度20℃、光照时间12 h·d~(-1)、光照强度2 000 lx的条件下培养,苗长势好,叶片生理性焦尖发生率仅为3.33%;以腐殖土作为栽培基质,试管苗的移栽成活率为97.78%。该研究结果为保护西藏虎头兰野生资源和工厂化育苗提供了科学依据和技术支持。     

皂荚提取物的杀螺活性

[目的]研究皂荚生物农药活性,开发利用皂荚资源,发展环境友好的绿色植物源农药。[方法]采用室内生测和田间试验研究皂荚壳乙醇提取物的杀螺活性。[结果]皂荚提取物对福寿螺有显著的毒杀活性,对幼螺和成螺72 h的LC₅₀分别为40.56、109.83 mg·L^-1。田间试验表明,皂荚提取物对福寿螺有较好的防效,施用40 g·m^-2的皂荚提取物处理7 d后卵块减少率为100.00%（成螺失去产卵的能力）,防效为（99.12±1.26）%。[结论]皂荚提取物对福寿螺较好的生物防治效果,是一种潜在的生物杀螺剂。     

The PIN1 family gene PvPIN1 is involved in auxin-dependent root emergence and tillering in switchgrass

Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.; family Poaceae) is a warm-season C4 perennial grass. Tillering plays an important role in determining the morphology of aboveground parts and the final biomass yield of switchgrass. Auxin distribution in plants can affect a variety of important growth and developmental processes, including the regulation of shoot and root branching, plant resistance and biological yield. Auxin transport and gradients in plants are mediated by influx and efflux carriers. PvPIN1, a switchgrass PIN1-like gene that is involved in regulating polar transport, is a putative auxin efflux carrier. Neighbor-joining analysis using sequences deposited in NCBI databases showed that the PvPIN1gene belongs to the PIN1 family and is evolutionarily closer to the Oryza sativa japonica group. Tiller emergence and development was significantly promoted in plants subjected toPvPIN1 RNA interference (RNAi), which yielded a phenotype similar to that of wild-type plants treated with the auxin transport inhibitor TIBA (2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid). A transgenic approach that inducedPvPIN1 gene overexpression or suppression altered tiller number and the shoot/root ratio. These data suggest that PvPIN1plays an important role in auxin-dependent adventitious root emergence and tillering.     

藏药多刺绿绒蒿种子萌发特性研究

多刺绿绒蒿(Meconopsis horridula)为罂粟科绿绒蒿属一年生草本植物,是一种极具观赏价值和药用价值的高山植物,目前处于濒危状态,因此研究多刺绿绒蒿种子的萌发特性对其种子育苗及人工栽培具有重要意义。为了提高多刺绿绒蒿的种子发芽率,该研究以多刺绿绒蒿的种子为材料,分析了不同消毒剂、浸种时间、温度和外源植物激素对种子萌发特性的影响。结果表明:(1)最适消毒方法为75%乙醇1 min+3%H2O25 min,最适浸种时间为24 h,最适温度和光照条件为20℃/10℃(光照12 h/黑暗12 h),用无菌水浸种后的种子发芽率为49.67%。(2) GA_3100～600 mg·L~(-1)和NAA 5～30 mg·L~(-1)可以提高种子的发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数,缩短发芽启动时间和发芽持续时间,对种子的萌发有促进作用。(3) 6-BA 5 mg·L~(-1)和10 mg·L~(-1)对种子的萌发有一定的促进作用,但不显著,6-BA浓度≥15 mg·L~(-1)则抑制种子的萌发。(4)用GA3500 mg·L~(-1)浸种后的种子发芽指标最好,发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数分别为69.67%、33.00%、4.51,种子的发芽起始时间和发芽持续时间分别为10.67 d、11.67 d。