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A bioprocess for machine washable wool, combining the advantages of both protease and transglutaminase in a simultaneous enzymatic treatment has been developed. This process reduced the felting tendency of woven wool fabrics by 9% at the expense of only 2% weight and tensile strength loss. In contrast to previously described protease-based processes for shrink resistant wool, the anti-felting properties achieved in the simultaneous enzymatic treatment produced insignificant fibre damage, confirmed also by scanning electron images of the fabrics. 相似文献
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Koen Peeters Grietens Sabine Gies Sheick Oumar Coulibaly Clotilde Ky Judith Somda Elizabeth Toomer Joan Muela Ribera Umberto D'Alessandro 《PloS one》2010,5(8)
Background
While IPTp-SP is currently being scaled up in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), the coverage with the required ≥2 doses of SP remains considerably short of the Roll Back Malaria (RBM) goal of 80%, not to mention of the recently advocated universal coverage.Methods
The study triangulates quantitative data from a health center randomized community-based trial on IPTp-SP effectiveness and the additional benefit of a promotional campaign with qualitative data from focused ethnography.Findings
In rural Burkina Faso, despite the significantly higher risk of malaria infection among adolescent primigravidae (PG) (OR 2.44 95%CI 1.81–3.28, p<0.001), making them primary target beneficiaries of IPTp-SP, adolescents adhered to the required three or more ANC visits significantly less (PG: 46.6%; SG 43.7%) than adults (PG: 61.9%; SG 54.9%) and had lower SP uptake during the malaria transmission season, further showing the difficulty of reaching this age group. Adolescents'' structural constraints (such as their social position and household labor requirements) and needs (such as anonymity in the health encounter) leave them highly vulnerable during their pregnancies and, especially, during the high malaria transmission season.Conclusion
Our study shows that adolescents need to be targeted specifically, prior to their first pregnancy and with measures adapted to their social context, addressing their structural constraints and needs and going beyond standard health promotion campaigns. Unless such specific measures are taken, adolescents'' social vulnerability will present a serious bottleneck for the effectiveness of IPTi-SP. 相似文献3.
Introduction
The vast difference in the abundance of different proteins in biological samples limits the determination of the complete proteome of a cell type, requiring fractionation of proteins and peptides before MS analysis. 相似文献4.
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Koen Peeters Grietens Joan Muela Ribera Veronica Soto Alex Tenorio Sarah Hoibak Angel Rosas Aguirre Elizabeth Toomer Hugo Rodriguez Alejandro Llanos Cuentas Umberto D'Alessandro Dionicia Gamboa Annette Erhart 《PloS one》2013,8(1)
Background
While coverage of long-lasting insecticide-treated nets (LLIN) has steadily increased, a growing number of studies report gaps between net ownership and use. We conducted a mixed-methods social science study assessing the importance of net preference and use after Olyset® LLINs were distributed through a mass campaign in rural communities surrounding Iquitos, the capital city of the Amazonian region of Peru.Methods
The study was conducted in the catchment area of the Paujil and Cahuide Health Centres (San Juan district) between July 2007 and November 2008. During a first qualitative phase, participant observation and in-depth interviews collected information on key determinants for net preference and use. In a second quantitative phase, a survey among recently confirmed malaria patients evaluated the acceptability and use of both LLINs and traditional nets, and a case control study assessed the association between net preference/use and housing structure (open vs. closed houses).Results
A total of 10 communities were selected for the anthropological fieldwork and 228 households participated in the quantitative studies. In the study area, bed nets are considered part of the housing structure and are therefore required to fulfil specific architectural and social functions, such as providing privacy and shelter, which the newly distributed Olyset® LLINs ultimately did not. The LLINs'' failure to meet these criteria could mainly be attributed to their large mesh size, transparency and perceived ineffectiveness to protect against mosquitoes and other insects, resulting in 63.3% of households not using any of the distributed LLINs. Notably, LLIN usage was significantly lower in houses with no interior or exterior walls (35.2%) than in those with walls (73.8%) (OR = 5.2, 95CI [2.2; 12.3], p<0.001).Conclusion
Net preference can interfere with optimal LLIN use. In order to improve the number of effective days of LLIN protection per dollar spent, appropriate quantitative and qualitative methods for collecting information on net preference should be developed before any LLIN procurement decision is made. 相似文献8.
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Remko?de Knikker Youjun?Guo Jin-long?Li Albert?KH?Kwan Kevin?Y?Yip David?W?Cheung Kei-Hoi?CheungEmail author 《BMC bioinformatics》2004,5(1):25