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1.
Experimental infection of hamsters with Leishmania donovani caused visceral leishmaniasis in which hematological changes occurred. The infected hamsters were anemic and reticulocyte counts were high. No significant change in the serum erythropoietin level was noted. Red cell membrane Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase and acetylcholinesterase activities increased. Osmotic fragility of the erythrocytes from infected animals increased. The level of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate of the red cells increased with the degree of anemia. 相似文献
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Sujata Misra Kshudiram Naskar Dwijen Sarkar Dilip Kumar Ghosh 《Molecular and cellular biochemistry》1991,102(1):13-18
Summary
Leishmania donovani, the etiological agent for the disease visceral leishmaniasis, attach themselves to the macrophages for initiation of the disease. The attachment process has been found to be regulated by Ca2+ ions. Verapamil, a Ca2+-channel blocker inhibits Leishmania-macrophage attachment. The inhibitory effect is increased with time. Nifedipine, another Ca2+-channel blocker exhibits the same effect. The attachment process is stimulated by Ca2+-ionophore alone. The inhibitory effects of the calcium channel blockers are reversed by the ionophore. 相似文献
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A chemically defined medium using commercially available alpha-MEM supplemented with hemin, HEPES, L-glutamine, D-glucose, folic acid, D-biotin and adenine supports the luxuriant growth and propagation of Leishmania donovani promastigotes. A peak parasite population of about 7.0 x 10(7)/ml at stationary phase and a population doubling time of 11.4 h for high-subpassage promastigotes were obtained. The medium was suitable for transformation of isolated amastigotes from infected hamster spleen. Promastigotes could be detected by culturing kala-azar patients' bone-marrow aspirate or spleen puncture material in this medium. Four out of six freshly transformed isolates gradually adapted and grew well in this medium. Macroscopic colonies appeared on agar plates prepared with the medium within 16-20 days after inoculation. The cloning efficiency was increased about five-fold by glycerol supplementation. 相似文献
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Prasad A Naskar R Dubey R Raha D Ahmed MF 《Indian journal of experimental biology》2006,44(2):163-164
Effect of prolonged administration of substance P on the plasma cortisol level in the albino rats has been investigated. An inhibitory impact on intact individuals and a stimulatory effect in pharmacologically annulled rats has been observed. It is concluded that in normal conditions substance P presumably acts as a preventive agent for any excess secretion of cortisol while during stress or disturbed HPA or RAS conditions, it stimulates the secretion of cortisol. An intraglandular modulatory role of substance P has been suggested. 相似文献
8.
In medical studies, paired binary responses are often observed for each study subject over timepoints or clusters. A primary interest is to investigate how the bivariate association and marginal univariate risks are affected by repeated measurements on each subject. To achieve this we propose a very general class of semiparametric bivariate binary models. The subject-specific effects involved in the bivariate log odds ratio and the univariate logit components are assumed to follow a nonparametric Dirichlet process (DP). We propose a hybrid method to draw model-based inferences. In the framework of the proposed hybrid method, estimation of parameters is done by implementing the Monte Carlo expectation-maximization algorithm. The proposed methodology is illustrated through a study on the effectiveness of tibolone for reducing menopausal problems experienced by Indian women. A simulation study is also conducted to evaluate the efficiency of the new methodology. 相似文献
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Sugar, salt and alum grains between 15 and 55 mg were deposited at different sites in the foraging ground of the ants Anoplolepis gracilipes and Paratrechina longicornis to study the examination processes the ants applied prior to carry these grains to the nest or refused at the site. It is revealed that, of the supplied 10 grains of these three substances A. gracilipes and P. longicornis examined only one sugar grain in most cases and two grains in few cases prior to carry a grain to the nest. Under similar situation an ant irrespective of species examined in most cases only one salt grain though few individuals examined 2 or 3 or 4 grains prior to have a decision either to carry one to the nest or to move elsewhere refusing the same at the site. Interestingly, an ant individual only in few cases examined only one alum grain but in most cases it examined 2, 3, 4 even up to all the 10 supplied alum grains scrupulously prior to refuse the same. Of the offered grain the ants procured 100 % sugar grains and 60 % salt grains from the sites to the nest while 100 % alum grains were refused at the sites following careful examination. As sugar, salt and alum grains look almost alike examination of all the alum grains was performed by the ants with a hope to get sugar grains, if any, from amongst these visually similar kinds of grains. This may be due to lack of food examination system at a precision level. 相似文献