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1.
2.
Marta Bassitta Joana M. Buades Ana Pérez-Cembranos Valentín Pérez-Mellado Barbara Terrasa Richard P. Brown Pilar Navarro Javier Lluch Jesús Ortega Jose A. Castro Antònia Picornell Cori Ramon 《Zoologica scripta》2020,49(6):668-683
The phylogenetic relationships among the wall lizards of the Podarcis hispanicus complex that inhabit the south-east (SE) of the Iberian Peninsula and other lineages of the complex remain unclear. In this study, four mitochondrial and two nuclear markers were used to study genetic relationships within this complex. The phylogenetic analyses based on mtDNA gene trees constructed with ML and BI, and a species tree using *BEAST support three divergent clades in this region: the Valencia, Galera and Albacete/Murcia lineages. These three lineages were also corroborated in species delimitation analyses based on mtDNA using bPTP, mPTP, GMYC, ABGD and BAPS. Bayesian inference species delimitation method (BPP) based on both nuclear data and a combined data set (mtDNA + nuclear) showed high posterior probabilities for these three SE lineages (≥0.94) and another Bayesian analysis (STACEY) based on combined data set recovered the same three groups in this region. Divergence time dating of the species tree provided an estimated divergence of the Galera lineage from the other SE group (Podarcis vaucheri, (Albacete/Murcia, Valencia)) at 12.48 Ma. During this period, the Betic–Rifian arc was isolated, which could have caused the isolation of the Galera form distributed to the south of the Betic Corridor. Although lizards from the Albacete/Murcia and Galera lineage are morphologically similar, they clearly represent distinct genetic lineages. The noteworthy separation of the Galera lineage enables us to conclude that this lineage must be considered as a new full species. 相似文献
3.
J Ignacio Andrés Jesús Alcázar José M Alonso Adolfo Díaz Javier Fernández Pilar Gil Laura Iturrino Encarna Matesanz Theo F Meert Anton Megens Victor K Sipido 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2002,12(2):249-253
Following the programme started at Janssen Research Foundation searching for 5-HT(2A/2C) antagonists, we now report on the synthesis of a series of substituted 2-(Dimethylaminomethyl)-2,3,3a,8-tetrahydrodibenzo[c,f]isoxazolo[2,3-a]azepine derivatives. The 5-HT(2A), 5-HT(2C) and H(1) receptor affinities as well as the mCPP antagonistic activity of the compounds synthesised is described. 相似文献
4.
Ethan R. Block Michael A. Tolino Jennifer S. Lozano Kira L. Lathrop Rebecca S. Sullenberger Abigail R. Mazie Jes K. Klarlund 《Molecular biology of the cell》2010,21(13):2172-2181
The ability of epithelia to migrate and cover wounds is essential to maintaining their functions as physical barriers. Wounding induces many cues that may affect the transition to motility, including the immediate mechanical perturbation, release of material from broken cells, new interactions with adjacent extracellular matrix, and breakdown of physical separation of ligands from their receptors. Depending on the exact nature of wounds, some cues may be present only transiently or insignificantly. In many epithelia, activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a central event in induction of motility, and we find that its continuous activation is required for progression of healing of wounds in sheets of corneal epithelial cells. Here, we examine the hypothesis that edges, which are universally and continuously present in wounds, are a cue. Using a novel culture model we find that their presence is sufficient to cause activation of the EGFR and increased motility of cells in the absence of other cues. Edges that are bordered by agarose do not induce activation of the EGFR, indicating that activation is not due to loss of any specific type of cell–cell interaction but rather due to loss of physical constraints. 相似文献
5.
Role of plasminogen, plasmin, and plasminogen activators in the migration of fibroblasts into plasma clots 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Human diploid fibroblasts were seeded onto or into plasma clots and different aspects of cell adhesion and migration were measured. The roles of plasminogen activators and plasmin were studied by either the removal of plasminogen from plasma prior to clotting or by the addition of 10 mM epsilon-aminocaproic acid, which brings about an inhibition of plasmin in this system. When cells were seeded onto the surface of plasma clots, rates of attachment, spreading, and migration were unaffected by plasminogen depletion or plasmin inhibition. In contrast, when cells were seeded into plasma clots, then, although the rates of cells spreading were unaffected, cell migration was abolished by plasminogen depletion or by plasmin inhibition. When cells were seeded onto the surface of plasma clots and the rate of migration into the clots was measured, there was an absolute requirement for plasmin activity; while fibroblasts migrated rapidly into the fibrin lattice of control clots, in the case of plasminogen-depleted clots, cells failed to penetrate the lattice. Focussing through a plasma clot revealed that fibroblasts do not migrate through the fibrin lattice but instead, localized areas of fibrinolysis are generated and cells migrate over the surface of the area of lysis. 相似文献
6.
Alan Scaife 《Plant and Soil》1989,114(1):139-141
A simple simulation model is described to account for the rates at which plants take up nitrate and reduce it to protein. It is based on the pump and leak principle, with the pump working at a constant rate per unit sap volume provided that there is an adequate concentration of nitrate at the root surface. The rate of leakage is assumed to be proportional to the concentration difference between the inside and the outside of the plant. Nitrogen is removed from the plant nitrate pool (the buffer) at a constant fraction of the photosynthesis rate. When applied to data for the diurnal variation in nitrate uptake by ryegrass, the model predicts an uptake pattern similar to that actually observed, with a time lag of about 5 hours between photosynthesis and uptake. 相似文献
7.
Ulrik Pedersen-Bjergaard Lars B geskov Nielsen Kai Jensen Lars Edvinsson Inger Jansen Jes Olesen 《Peptides》1989,10(6):1147-1152
Neurokinin A (NKA), substance P (SP) and the two peptides combined (SP + NKA) were injected intracutaneously on the forearm and into the temporal muscle of healthy volunteers. Pain intensity, cutaneous wheal and flare responses and tenderness of the temporal muscle were quantitated. SP but not NKA induced cutaneous pain. This relates the algesic effect of SP to the specific N-terminal amino acid sequence of the peptide, not shared by NKA. NKA, however, potentiated the algesic effect of SP as SP + NKA induced a significantly prolonged cutaneous pain sensation. Both peptides induced wheals, but only SP induced flare. These results confirm previous studies relating wheal formation to the identical C-terminal amino acid sequence of the two peptides and flare reaction to the N-terminal part of SP. Injections into the temporal muscle did not cause pain or tenderness. 相似文献
8.
Rodolfo Padilla Ricardo B. Maccioni Jesús Avila 《Molecular and cellular biochemistry》1990,97(1):35-41
Previous studies have demonstrated that the microtubule - associated proteins MAP-2 and tau interact selectively with common binding domains on tubulin defined by the low-homology segments a (430–441) and (422–434). It has been also indicated that the synthetic peptide VRSKIGSTENLKHQPGGG corresponding to the first tau repetitive sequence represents a tubulin binding domain on tau. The present studies show that the calcium-binding protein calmodulin interacts with a tubulin binding site on tau defined by the second repetitive sequence VTSKCGSLGNIHHKPGGG. It was shown that both tubulin and calmodulin bind to tau peptide-Sepharose affinity column. Binding of calmodulin occurs in the presence of 1 mM Ca 2+ and it can be eluted from the column with 4 mM EGTA. These findings provide new insights into the regulation of microtubule assembly, since Ca 2+/calmodulin inhibition of tubulin polymerization into microtubules could be mediated by the direct binding of calmodulin to tau, thus preventing the interaction of this latter protein with tubulin. 相似文献
9.
Maria Jesús García Rosario Brieva Francisca Rebolledo Vicente Gotor 《Biotechnology letters》1991,13(12):867-870
Summary 2,2,2-Trifluoroethyl -chloro--phenylacetate is succesfully hydrolysed in organic solvent in the presence of aniline andCandida cylindracea orPseudomonas cepacia lipase as catalysts. 相似文献
10.
Summary A pot experiment with lettuce involving three N forms each at six application levels, showed that lettuce can be grown satisfactorily
with a very low nitrate content when supplied with ammonium sulphate and a nitrification inhibitor. For plants growing on
nitrate N, the optimum midrib sap nitrate concentration as maturity approached was about 1400 mg/1 NO3-N. Large losses of mineral N were observed from the peat medium, even in the absence of plants.
A relationship is presented which would enable a lettuce grower to estimate whole-shoot nitrate concentration from a quick
test of midrib sapi.e. NO3-N (mg/kg in fresh shoot) =0.14×NO3-N (mg/l in sap).
Tipburn was worst at intermediate levels of applied N, and was less serious with pure ammonium nutrition than with nitrate. 相似文献