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1.
Paulo FP Pimenta Alessandra S Orfano Ana C Bahia Ana PM Duarte Claudia M Ríos-Velásquez Fabrício F Melo Felipe AC Pessoa Giselle A Oliveira Keillen MM Campos Luis Martínez Villegas Nilton Barnabé Rodrigues Rafael Nacif-Pimenta Rejane C Sim?es Wuelton M Monteiro Rogerio Amino Yara M Traub-Cseko José BP Lima Maria GV Barbosa Marcus VG Lacerda Wanderli P Tadei Nágila FC Secundino 《Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz》2015,110(1):23-47
In the Americas, areas with a high risk of malaria transmission are mainly located in
the Amazon Forest, which extends across nine countries. One keystone step to
understanding the Plasmodium life cycle in Anopheles species from the Amazon Region
is to obtain experimentally infected mosquito vectors. Several attempts to colonise
Ano- pheles species have been conducted, but with only short-lived success or no
success at all. In this review, we review the literature on malaria transmission from
the perspective of its Amazon vectors. Currently, it is possible to develop
experimental Plasmodium vivax infection of the colonised and field-captured vectors
in laboratories located close to Amazonian endemic areas. We are also reviewing
studies related to the immune response to P. vivax infection of Anopheles aquasalis,
a coastal mosquito species. Finally, we discuss the importance of the modulation of
Plasmodium infection by the vector microbiota and also consider the anopheline
genomes. The establishment of experimental mosquito infections with Plasmodium
falciparum, Plasmodium yoelii and Plasmodium berghei parasites that could provide
interesting models for studying malaria in the Amazonian scenario is important.
Understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in the development of the parasites
in New World vectors is crucial in order to better determine the interaction process
and vectorial competence. 相似文献
2.
Natarajan A Gruettner C Ivkov R DeNardo GL Mirick G Yuan A Foreman A DeNardo SJ 《Bioconjugate chemistry》2008,19(6):1211-1218
Dextran and PEG-coated iron oxide nanoparticles (NP), when suitably modified to enable conjugation with molecular targeting agents, provide opportunities to target cancer cells. Monoclonal antibodies, scFv, and peptides conjugated to 20 nm NP have been reported to target cancer for imaging and alternating magnetic field (AMF) therapy. The physical characteristics of NPs can affect their in vivo performance. Surface morphology, surface charge density, and particle size are considered important factors that determine pharmacokinetics, toxicity, and biodistribution. New NanoFerrite (NF) particles having improved specific AMF absorption rates and diameters of 30 and 100 nm were studied to evaluate the variation in their in vitro and in vivo characteristics in comparison to the previously studied 20 nm superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) NP. SPIO NP 20 nm and NF NP 30 and 100 nm were conjugated to (111)In-DOTA-ChL6, a radioimmunoconjugate. Radioimmunoconjugates were conjugated to NPs using 25 microg of RIC/mg of NP by carbodiimide chemistry. The radioimmunonanoparticles (RINP) were purified and characterized by PAGE, cellulose acetate electrophoresis (CAE), live cell binding assays, and pharmacokinetics in athymic mice bearing human breast cancer (HBT 3477) xenografts. RINP (2.2 mg) were injected iv and whole body; blood and tissue data were collected at 4, 24, and 48 h. The preparations used for animal study were >90% monomeric by PAGE and CAE. The immunoreactivity of the RINP was 40-60% compared to (111)In-ChL6. Specific activities of the doses were 20-25 microCi/2.2 mg and 6-11 microg of mAb/2.2 mg of NP. Mean tumor uptakes (% ID/g +/- SD) of each SPIO 20 nm, NF 30 nm, and 100 nm RINP at 48 h were 9.00 +/- 0.8 (20 nm), 3.0 +/- 0.3 (30 nm), and 4.5 +/- 0.8 (100 nm), respectively; the ranges of tissue uptakes were liver (16-32 +/- 1-8), kidney (7.0-15 +/- 1), spleen (8-17 +/- 3-8), lymph nodes 5-6 +/- 1-2), and lung (2.0-4 +/- 0.1-2). In conclusion, this study demonstrated that 100 nm NF NP could be conjugated to (111)In-mAb so that the resulting RINP had characteristics suitable for AMF therapy. Although 100 nm RINP targeted tumor less than 20 nm SPIO RINP, their heating capacity is typically 6 times greater, suggesting the 100 nm NF RINP could still deliver better therapy with AMF. 相似文献
3.
O M Parnev O G Naumov N N Ivkov Iu A Vladimirov 《Biulleten' eksperimental'no? biologii i meditsiny》1987,103(5):555-557
The effect of five phenothiazine derivatives on the viscosity of model phospholipid membranes (by eximerization of pyrene) and on their electrical stability has been studied All the phenothiazines tested (chlorpromazine, propazine, triftazin and nonachlazine), except for chloracyzine, considerably increase the viscosity of phospholipid liposome bilayer at a concentration of 10(-5)-10(-4) M. Phenothiazines have been also shown to decrease liposome break-down potential even at a concentration of 10(-7) M. No correlation between the magnitude of break-down potential and changes in liposome membrane viscosity has been revealed. 相似文献
4.
V I Gordeliy V G Ivkov L S Ostanevich YuMYaguzhinskij 《Biochimica et biophysica acta》1991,1061(1):39-48
The oriented DPPC multilayers hydrated by D2O have been studied by a small-angle neutron scattering method in the Guinier range, and the gyration radius of the structural inhomogeneities has been estimated at about 29 A. They are interpreted as the annular defects between adjacent clusters uniting the all-trans chain 'segments' adjacent to the polar head group regions. The angle of the 'segment' tilt is determined by the hydrated polar group area (59.2 A2 for DPPC bilayers) and has been estimated to be about 44 degrees under the given experimental conditions. The hydrocarbon interior of a bilayer can be suggested as a 'sandwich' that is formed by two clustered layers (approx. 7 A of the thickness) and the central disordered (liquid) layer. The average cluster size along the bilayer surface is estimated to be approx. 24 A which correlates with the estimations of the short order region dimensions from the halfwidth of the X-ray 'packing' reflex (4.6 A)-1. The average interchain separation of approx. 5 A and the average cross-section area of a chain in a cluster (21.4 A2) were estimated from the reflex position and the chain cross-section geometry. The total volume of defects and the fraction of a bilayer surface occupied by them were estimated too. 相似文献
5.
Omaira Vera Lizcano Sarah Stela Resende Yonne F Chehuan Marcus VG Lacerda Cristiana FA Brito Mariano G Zalis 《Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz》2014,109(7):948-951
The molecular basis of Plasmodium vivax chloroquine (CQ) resistance
is still unknown. Elucidating the molecular background of parasites that are
sensitive or resistant to CQ will help to identify and monitor the spread of
resistance. By genotyping a panel of molecular markers, we demonstrate a similar
genetic variability between in vitro CQ-resistant and sensitive phenotypes of
P. vivax parasites. However, our studies identified two
loci (MS8 and MSP1-B10) that could be used to discriminate
between both CQ-susceptible phenotypes among P. vivax isolates in
vitro. These preliminary data suggest that microsatellites may be used to identify
and to monitor the spread of P. vivax-resistance around the
world. 相似文献
6.
7.
M N Ivkova V A Pechatnikov O A Gracheva E V Pechatnikova V G Ivkov 《General physiology and biophysics》1987,6(1):45-55
The interaction of the probe diS-C3-(5) with dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) liposomes has been studied using fluorescence and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The partition coefficients (K) of the probe for the lipid and the aqueous phase (in terms of molar part units) were (1.20 +/- 0.4) X 10(6) at 45 degrees C and (0.50 +/- 0.07) X 10(6) at 23 and 36 degrees C. In terms of volume concentration units, these values correspond to Kp = (2.88 +/- 0.10) X 10(4) and Kp = (1.20 +/- 0.17) X 10(4), respectively. DSC thermograms were practically identical both for large unilamellar and multilamellar liposomes. The main transition peak remained practically unchanged over the entire range of the probe concentrations used. The pretransition could be observed up to maximal probe concentrations applied and it widened and shifted from 35.4 degrees C in pure DPPC to approximately 32 degrees C at a probe/lipid ratio of 0.027. These results suggest that in both quasicrystalline and liquid crystalline lipid bilayers the probe molecules are included in "defects" between structurally ordered microregions (microdomains or clusters). The dependence of the fluorescence response on the transmembrane potential in a suspension of unilamellar DPPC vesicles suggest that the equilibrium thermodynamic model is valid for liquid crystalline bilayers. 相似文献
8.
Marcos A Gimenes Andrea A Hoshino Andrea VG Barbosa Dario A Palmieri Catalina R Lopes 《BMC plant biology》2007,7(1):9
Background
The genus Arachis includes Arachis hypogaea (cultivated peanut) and wild species that are used in peanut breeding or as forage. Molecular markers have been employed in several studies of this genus, but microsatellite markers have only been used in few investigations. Microsatellites are very informative and are useful to assess genetic variability, analyze mating systems and in genetic mapping. The objectives of this study were to develop A. hypogaea microsatellite loci and to evaluate the transferability of these markers to other Arachis species. 相似文献9.
VG Minero D De Stefanis P Costelli FM Baccino G Bonelli 《Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.)》2015,14(7):1090-1102
High mortality among hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients reflects both late diagnosis and low curability, due to pharmacoresistance. Taxol (TAX) is toxic for many human HCC-derived cell lines, yet its clinical efficacy on HCCs is poor. Combining TAX with other drugs appears a promising possibility to overcome such refractoriness. We analyzed whether combining tumor necrosis factor (TNF) with TAX would improve their toxicity. Human HCC-derived cell lines were treated with TAX or TNF, alone or combined. Apoptosis was assessed by morphology and flow-cytometry. Several pro- and anti-apoptotic molecules were evaluated by western blotting and/or enzymatic assay. After a 24 hour treatment, TNF was ineffective and TAX modestly cytotoxic, whereas HCC cells were conditionally sensitized to TNF by TAX. Indeed some relevant parameters were shifted to a prodeath setting: TNF-receptor 1 was increased, SOCS3, c-FLIP and pSTAT3 were markedly downregulated. These observations provide a significant clue to critically improve the drug susceptibility of HCC cells by combining 2 agents, TAX and TNF. The sequential application of TAX at a low dosage followed by TNF for only a short time triggered a strong apoptotic response. Of interest, prior TAX administration could also sensitize to TNF-induced apoptosis in the Yoshida AH-130 hepatoma transplanted in mice. Therefore, scrutinizing the possibility to develop similar combination drug regimens in suitable preclinical models seems highly advisable. 相似文献
10.