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排序方式: 共有343条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
C. L. Keith R. L. Bridges L. R. Fina K. L. Iverson J. A. Cloran 《Archives of microbiology》1978,118(2):169-172
Anaerobic rupture of the benzoic acid ring was investigated. Carbon 4 was converted primarily to carbon dioxide. Following ring rupture during methane fermentation, propanoic acid is an intermediate, and carbon 4 of benzoate becomes its carboxyl.Contribution No. 1285-j, Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506. This work was supported in part by funds from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506. Paper II of this series is Fina and Fiskin (1960) 相似文献
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Reaction of DNA with K2PdCl4 at pH 2.0 followed by a piperidine workup produces specific cleavage at adenine (A) residues. Product analysis revealed the K2PdCl4 reaction involves selective depurination at adenine, affording an excision reaction analogous to the other chemical DNA sequencing reactions. Adenine residues methylated at the exocyclic amine (N6) react with lower efficiency than unmethylated adenine in an identical sequence. This simple protocol specific for A may be a useful addition to current chemical sequencing reactions. 相似文献
5.
Suppression and contrasuppression in the induction of contact sensitivity by the administration of cellbound antigen-antibody complexes 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
W Ptak M Bereta M Ptak G M Iverson D R Green 《Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)》1985,135(4):2312-2318
The tolerogenic signal produced by the i.v. injection of haptenated peritoneal exudate cells can be converted to an immunogenic signal by treating the cells with antibody to the hapten before administration. We examined this phenomenon and found that immunity induced by antigen-antibody complexes, as opposed to skin sensitization, is resistant to suppressor T cell influences. This resistance to suppression is due to the activation of an I-J+, Ly-1 T cell population which adheres to the Vicia villosa lectin, all characteristics of contrasuppressor T cells. Because haptenated cells can induce immunity if injected subcutaneously or into cyclophosphamide-pretreated recipients (thereby avoiding the induction of suppressor cells), we suggest that the activation of contrasuppressor cells by antigen-antibody complexes overrides suppressive influences in the host, allowing immunity to become dominant. The possible roles of suppression and contrasuppression in channeling the effector arm of the immune response (e.g., contact sensitivity vs humoral immunity) are discussed. 相似文献
6.
The pattern of genetic differentiation among experimental populations of the flour beetle Tribolium castaneum suggested the hypothesis that relative fitness of three genotypes at the PGM-1 locus (or other linked loci) depends directly on diet. This hypothesis was tested by measuring several fitness components (developmental time, survival, fecundity, rate of egg cannibalism) on groups of individuals differing at the PGM-1 locus that were reared on three types of flour (wheat, corn and a mixture of wheat, corn, barley and rye). Flour type had large effects on all traits except larval survival to 3 weeks of age. Relative fitnesses of the three genotypes differed significantly for fecundity. Diet was found to significantly influence the relative developmental times of the three genotypes. 相似文献
7.
A method for the detection of starch hydrolysis by bacteria 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
8.
Litman GW; Rast JP; Shamblott MJ; Haire RN; Hulst M; Roess W; Litman RT; Hinds- Frey KR; Zilch A; Amemiya CT 《Molecular biology and evolution》1993,10(1):60-72
Immunoglobulins are encoded by a large multigene system that undergoes
somatic rearrangement and additional genetic change during the development
of immunoglobulin-producing cells. Inducible antibody and antibody-like
responses are found in all vertebrates. However, immunoglobulin possessing
disulfide-bonded heavy and light chains and domain-type organization has
been described only in representatives of the jawed vertebrates. High
degrees of nucleotide and predicted amino acid sequence identity are
evident when the segmental elements that constitute the immunoglobulin gene
loci in phylogenetically divergent vertebrates are compared. However, the
organization of gene loci and the manner in which the independent elements
recombine (and diversify) vary markedly among different taxa. One striking
pattern of gene organization is the "cluster type" that appears to be
restricted to the chondrichthyes (cartilaginous fishes) and limits
segmental rearrangement to closely linked elements. This type of gene
organization is associated with both heavy- and light-chain gene loci. In
some cases, the clusters are "joined" or "partially joined" in the germ
line, in effect predetermining or partially predetermining, respectively,
the encoded specificities (the assumption being that these are expressed)
of the individual loci. By relating the sequences of transcribed gene
products to their respective germ-line genes, it is evident that, in some
cases, joined-type genes are expressed. This raises a question about the
existence and/or nature of allelic exclusion in these species. The
extensive variation in gene organization found throughout the vertebrate
species may relate directly to the role of intersegmental
(V<==>D<==>J) distances in the commitment of the individual
antibody-producing cell to a particular genetic specificity. Thus, the
evolution of this locus, perhaps more so than that of others, may reflect
the interrelationships between genetic organization and function.
相似文献
9.
S. J. Iverson O. T. Oftedal W. D. Bowen D. J. Boness J. Sampugna 《Journal of comparative physiology. B, Biochemical, systemic, and environmental physiology》1995,165(1):1-12
Unlike most mammals, hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) pups are born with a substantial layer of adipose tissue. Subsequently, during the brief lactation period of only 4 days,
fasting mothers mobilize enormous amounts of lipid from blubber and secrete milk (60% fat) at rates of 10 kg·day-1. Pups gain 7 kg·day-1 due primarily to the deposition of fat in blubber. We measured blubber content and fatty acid composition of blubber and
milk in hooded seal mother-pup pairs at birth and over the 4-day lactation period to examine the nature and source of fetal
lipids, the incorporation of maternal blubber fatty acids into milk lipid, and patterns of fatty acid deposition in suckling
young. The fatty acid composition of the blubber of the newborn was notably different from that of its mother. Fetal deposition
was likely due to a combination of both fetal synthesis and direct placental transfer of maternal circulating fatty acids.
The blubber of the newborn was characterized by high levels (>90% of total fatty acids) of saturated and monounsaturated fatty
acids of primarily endogenous origin. In particular, the fetus appeared to have high Δ-9 desaturase activity as evidenced
by the large amounts of 14:1n-5 (4.2%) and 16:1n-7 (37.0%) in newborn blubber compared to maternal blubber (0.2% and 14.1%,
respectively). Nevertheless, essential and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids of the n-3 and n-6 families, which could
only have originated by direct transfer from the mother, comprised>7% of pup blubber fatty acids and indicated greater rates
of placental transfer than found in humans. In hooded seal mothers, rapid lipid transfer during the brief lactation period
appeared to be facilitated by direct incorporation of mobilized fatty acids into milk. Although some differences in proportions
of specific fatty acids were found between milk and maternal blubber, most of these differences declined over the course of
lactation. However, selective mobilization of 20:5n-3 from maternal blubber into milk was apparent throughout lactation and
resulted in elevated levels in pup blubber at weaning compared to maternal blubber. Ingested fatty acids were deposited directly
and without modification into the blubber of pups, and by 4 days the fatty acid composition of pup blubber was virtually identical
to that of the milk consumed. 相似文献
10.
Kathy L. Iverson Mary C. Bromel Albin W. Anderson Thomas P. Freeman 《Applied microbiology》1984,47(1):22-27
Aerobic heterotrophic and facultative anaerobic bacteria were isolated from all developmental stages of the sugar beet root maggot, Tetanops myopaeformis (von Röder). Two distinct bacterial symbiotic relationships were observed. Serratia liquefaciens and Serratia marcescens were found to be associated with all developmental stages. Bacterial symbiont transmission occurred from one generation to the next. Symbionts were transferred from the male reproductive system to the female reproductive system, where both an internal infiltration of the egg chorion and an external smearing of the eggs occurred during oviposition. Pseudomonas maltophilia was found in association with the larval gut and the inner surface of the puparium. Electron microscopy of the inner puparial surface revealed symbionts within the chitinous wall. In vitro symbiont chitinase production was found, using both nephelometric (turbidimetric) and N-acetylglucosamine assays. A relationship appeared to exist between adult fly emergence and enzymatic chitin degradation of the puparium by the bacterial symbionts. 相似文献