Comparative morphology of the foliage leaf epidermis, with emphasis on papillae characters, in key taxa of woody bamboos of the Asian tropics (Poaceae: Bambusoideae)

The foliage leaf epidermis of 35 species representing 12 key genera of woody bamboos of the Asian tropics was investigated using light and scanning electron microscopy. The results indicated that papillae forms and distributional patterns around the stomatal apparatus of the abaxial foliage leaf epidermis were usually constant and were of great taxonomic significance at the specific and generic levels. However, papillae characters were not suitable for dividing subtribes within woody bamboos of the Asian tropics. On the basis of papillae characters, Schizostachyum s.s. and Cephalostachyum were confirmed, but their delimitations should be modified. The transfer of Leptocanna chinensis and Schizostachyum sanguineum into Cephalostachyum was supported, and Cephalostachyum virgatum and C .  pergracile were confirmed to be members of Schizostachyum s.s. The subtribe Racemobambosinae did not obtain support and Racemobambos appeared to be better placed in subtribe Bambusinae. Neomicrocalamus was supported as a close relative and better treated as a synonym of Racemobambos . Gigantochloa was closely related to Dendrocalamus .  © 2008 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society , 2008, 156 , 411–423.     

Determination of the structural integrity of DNA from pathogenic enterobacteria

Among the enterobacterial strains under study, more organisms in the stationary phase of growth have been found to have nicks in their DNA than those in the exponential phase. Bacteria less sensitive to ultraviolet irradiation have the least number of nicks in each phase of growth. The number of nicks in different strains belonging to the serovar is sufficiently stable. Virulent and avirulent forms show no difference in this characteristic.     

多种天敌控制多种害虫的模糊数学模型

从生态经济学的原理出发，利用模糊集理论，探讨如何评价天敌控制多种害虫的为害作用，提出了多种天敌控制多种害虫的模糊数学模型。同时又得到了天敌对害虫的控制能力C，影响率G，影响强度H，及权数ω(x)的计算公式，以及在天敌作用下安全度的讨论与分析。     

Identification of up-regulated genes in human uterine leiomyoma by suppression subtractive hybridization

In searching for differentially expressed genes in human uterine leiomyomas (ULs), suppression sub-tractive hybridization was used to construct an UL up-regulated library, which turned out to represent 88genes. After two rounds of screening by reverse Northern analysis, twenty genes were proved to be up-regulated, including seventeen known genes and three genes with unknown function. All these genes werefirstly associated with UL. Three genes with notable difference were selected for Northern confirmationOur results proved the authenticity of the twenty genes. One gene named Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) showedup-regulation in 4/6 of the patients and investigation of tissue distribution indicated that it had obviousexpression in prostate, testis, liver, heart and skeletal muscle.     

Decrease in the lower limit of the rat brain vital activity by the physiological method]

The brain temperature, at which the cessation of the lung respiration occurs in the cooled animals, can be named the lower temperature limit of the brain functional competence, since at this temperature the spontaneous respiration is not restored on its own, and without special artificial undertakings the animals perish. In this study upon the total cooling of the rat bodies their lung respiration stopped completely as the temperature of the medulla oblongata in the region of the respiratory center decreased to 18.18 +/- 0.17 degrees C. This occurred simultaneously with an abrupt decrease in the heart rate and in the arterial blood pressure (AP) to 42 +/- 1 mm Hg. Upon an isolated cooling of the rat head the heart rate and AP were maintained at a comparatively high level. Under such conditions the lung respiration did not stop even as the temperature of the medulla oblongata decreased to 17.23 +/- 0.25 degrees C. It retained rhythmicallity, a particular rate, and a comparatively high amplitude. It is suggested that an intensive blood supply of the cooled brain decreases the lower temperature limit of its vital activity.     

Fractionation of chromatin of liver cell nuclei after mild micrococcal nuclease digestion

Mild micrococcal nuclease treatment of rat and mouse nuclei and fractionation were based on the method of Tata and Baker. Three chromatin fractions, S, P1, P2, were separated, and for each of these fractions the sensitivity to the DNase 1 action was determined. The relative content in these fractions of non-transcribed DNA sequences was established by hydridization with a mouse satellite DNA, and the relative content of transcribed DNA sequences--by hydridization with DNA synthesised on the total poly (A) mRNA. None of the fractions displayed the properties characteristic of active chromatin.     

Effects of taurine and dipeptide Tyr-Tyr on ventricular defibrillation]

Results of the study of taurine and dipeptide Tyr-Tyr effect on the threshold values of functional lesions of the myocardium and heart defibrillation are reported. The experiments were carried out on 27 narcotized mongrel dogs weighing 12-30 kg. Defibrillation was performed using Lifepak-7 defibrillator (USA). Lesion threshold (LT), defibrillation threshold (DT) and electrotherapeutic index (ETI) as a LT:DT ratio were determined. In 14 experiments (control group) these parameters were evaluated during 3 h. In group 1 (6 experiments) taurine (100 mg/kg) was infused intravenously by the end of the 1st hour, in group 2--Tyr-Tyr (25 mg/kg). It was shown that infusion of taurine did not have a noticeable effect of the LT, DT and ETI values. Infusion of Tyr-Tyr resulted in an increase in LT and DT. The possibility to use dipeptide Tyr-Tyr in the complex of measures aimed at ceasing ventricular fibrillation is discussed.