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1.
Embryos were collected from two-year-old donor mares and transferred surgically during 1983 and 1984. The overall embryo recovery rate from two-year-old donors was 36.3%. Over both years, 71.4% of the donors () provided at least one embryo. There was a trend both years for slightly higher embryo recovery rates prior to August 1 (47.7%), as compared to after August 1 (31.1%). Pregnancy rates in recipient mares after surgical embryo transfer were not affected by month of the breeding season. However, there was a trend for improved pregnancy rates when embryos were transferred after August 1 (87.5%), as compared to before August 1 (70.0%). There was a 8.3% incidence of fetal loss between Days 15 and 35 of gestation in recipients. The incidence of fetal loss between Days 35 and 60 of gestation was 2.7%. Based on these data, the chance of obtaining a pregnancy from a two-year-old mare is 28.2% (36.3% recovery × 77.7% pregnancy rate). Thus embryo transfer may prove to be a beneficial tool for obtaining foals from two-year-old donor mares. 相似文献
2.
L Iuliano F Violi J Z Pedersen D Praticò G Rotilio F Balsano 《Archives of biochemistry and biophysics》1992,299(2):220-224
It is known that the rate of thrombus formation depends on interaction between platelets and erythrocytes, but the mechanism of this process has remained obscure. We here show that nanomolar levels of hemoglobin released from damaged red blood cells can induce platelet aggregation. The molecular mechanism is not receptor-based, but involves oxidation of oxyhemoglobin by platelet-derived hydrogen peroxide, with subsequent generation of a small unknown free radical species, detected by ESR spectroscopy. Methemoglobin and carbon monoxide-treated hemoglobin are unable to cause platelet activation or radical formation. The aggregation of platelets induced by hemoglobin is completely blocked by catalase or radical scavengers. These findings indicate a role for a novel extracellular free radical second messenger in the activation of platelets. 相似文献
3.
A. Colzi A. Musolino †A. Iuliano ‡F. Fornai U. Bonuccelli G. U. Corsini 《Journal of neurochemistry》1996,66(4):1510-1517
Abstract: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) is commonly considered to be the main dopamine (DA) metabolite produced by monoamine oxidase (MAO); however, the initial product of DA oxidation is 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde (DOPALD). Owing to technical difficulties in detecting DOPALD from a biological matrix, no studies have so far been performed to measure brain levels of this aldehyde in vivo. In this work, using transstriatal microdialysis in freely moving rats, we identified DOPALD by HPLC coupled to a coulometric detector. In chromatograms obtained from microdialysis samples, DOPALD appeared as a peak with a retention time coincident with that of the standards obtained via enzymatic and chemical synthesis. On the other hand, DOPALD was undetectable ex vivo from rat striatal homogenates. This discrepancy is probably due to the preferential extraneuronal localization together with the high reactivity of the aldehyde, which is rapidly removed by the dialysis probe, whereas the ex vivo procedure allows its condensation and enzymatic conversion. Measurement of DOPALD levels as a routine procedure might represent a reliable tool to evaluate DA oxidative metabolism directly, in vivo. Moreover, parallel detection of DOPALD and DOPAC levels in brain dialysate may make it possible to distinguish between the activity of MAO and aldehyde dehydrogenase. DOPALD, like many endogenous aldehydes, has been shown to be toxic to the cell in which it is formed. Therefore, in vivo measurement of DOPALD levels could highlight new aspects in the molecular mechanisms underlying both acute neurological insults and neurodegenerative diseases. 相似文献
4.
Giuliana Catara Immacolata Fiume Filippo Iuliano Giovanna Maria Giuseppe Ruggiero 《Biocatalysis and Biotransformation》2013,31(5):358-370
A new serine-carboxyl proteinase, called kumamolisin-ac, was purified from the thermoacidophilic bacterium Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius. The enzyme is a monomeric protein of 45?kDa, active over a wide temperature range (5.0–70°C) and extremely acidic pHs (1.0–4.0), showing maximal proteolytic activity at pH?2.0 and 60°C. Interestingly, kumamolisin-ac displayed a significant proteolytic activity even at 5°C, thus suggesting a sort of cold-adaptation for this enzyme. The protease was remarkably stable at high temperatures (t1/2 at 80°C, 10?h, pH?2.0) and over a broad range of pH (2.0–7.0). Substrate analysis indicated that kumamolisin-ac was active on a variety of macromolecular substrates, such as haemoglobin, hide powder azure, and azocoll. In particular, a high specific activity was detected towards collagen. The corresponding gene was cloned, expressed and the recombinant protease, was found to be homologous to proteases of the ‘S53’ family. From the high identity with kumamolisin and kumamolisin-As, known as collagenolytic proteases, kumamolisin-ac can be considered as the third collagenolytic affiliate within the ‘S53’ family. Cleavage specificity investigation of kumamolisin-ac revealed a unique primary cleavage site in bovine insulin B-chain, whereas a broad specificity was detected using bovine α-globin as substrate. Thus, kumamolisin-ac could represent an attractive candidate for industrial-scale biopeptide production under thermoacidophilic conditions. 相似文献
5.
AB Zarafi AM Emechebe AD Akpa O Alabi 《Archives Of Phytopathology And Plant Protection》2013,46(4):261-268
Pearl millet downy mildew (DM) incidence, severity and yield losses of two pearl millet varieties (local and improved) due to the disease were determined in the field. Significant differences in the disease incidence and severity were recorded in the plots sown with metalaxyl-treated seeds and those sown with non-treated seeds, indicating the efficacy of the fungicide on the fungus. Yield losses due to non-treatment of seeds with metalaxyl was 40.88 and 45.39% in a local variety and 43.00 and 18.60% in an improved variety in the 2000 and 2001 cropping seasons respectively. Significant differences between plots sown with metalaxyl-treated and those sown with non-treated seeds were obtained for other yield components such as 1000-grains weight, panicle length and weight. 相似文献
6.
Marco Rossi Maria Rita Pitari Nicola Amodio Maria Teresa Di Martino Francesco Conforti Emanuela Leone Cirino Botta Francesco Maria Paolino Teresa Del Giudice Eleonora Iuliano Michele Caraglia Manlio Ferrarini Antonio Giordano Pierosandro Tagliaferri Pierfrancesco Tassone 《Journal of cellular physiology》2013,228(7):1506-1515
7.
Background
Organisms are capable of developing different phenotypes by altering the genes they express. This phenotypic plasticity provides a means for species to respond effectively to environmental conditions. One of the most dramatic examples of phenotypic plasticity occurs in the highly social hymenopteran insects (ants, social bees, and social wasps), where distinct castes and sexes all arise from the same genes. To elucidate how variation in patterns of gene expression affects phenotypic variation, we conducted a study to simultaneously address the influence of developmental stage, sex, and caste on patterns of gene expression in Vespula wasps. Furthermore, we compared the patterns found in this species to those found in other taxa in order to investigate how variation in gene expression leads to phenotypic evolution. 相似文献8.
Iuliano L Micheletta F Natoli S Ginanni Corradini S Iappelli M Elisei W Giovannelli L Violi F Diczfalusy U 《Analytical biochemistry》2003,312(2):217-223
Oxidant stress seems to play a role in several setting of human pathology, such as atherosclerosis, cancer, and aging. The study of oxidant stress in human disease should be based on the evaluation of either sensitive and specific markers of enhanced oxidant stress, such as oxysterols, or antioxidant defense, by measuring alpha-tocopherol. We have developed a rapid method to measure the oxysterols 7beta-hydroxycholesterol and 7-ketocholesterol in plasma (50 healthy subjects) and tissue as an index of oxidant stress in vivo, and from the same sample alpha-tocopherol content. The mean plasma concentration of 7beta-hydroxycholesterol and 7-ketocholesterol was 4.6+/-1.1 and 13.4+/-7.6 ng/mL, respectively. Plasma alpha-tocopherol concentration was 5.8+/-1.0 micromol/mol cholesterol. Samples from atherosclerotic plaques contained 20 times more cholesterol, about 45 times higher oxysterols levels, and 600 times more alpha-tocopherol compared to normal arteries. No significant difference in cholesterol and oxysterol content was observed between cirrhotic and normal liver. However, cirrhotic liver contained significantly smaller concentration of alpha-tocopherol compared to normal liver. In conclusion, we have developed a rapid and reliable method for the assay of cholesterol oxidation products and alpha-tocopherol in plasma and tissue useful for estimation of oxidant stress/antioxidant balance. 相似文献
9.
10.
Ballard C Lana MM Theodoulou M Douglas S McShane R Jacoby R Kossakowski K Yu LM Juszczak E;Investigators DART AD 《PLoS medicine》2008,5(4):e76