大鼠血小板中的神经肽Y及其对血管收缩的影响

特异性放射免疫分析显示大鼠血小板与富血小板血浆(PRP)分别含NPY免疫活性物质90±16ng/10~7血小板与93±19ng/ml,大大高于普通血浆(1.2±0.1ng/ml)与贫血小板血浆(PPP)(1.7±0.3 ng/ml)中的含量(P<0.001)。血小板样品HPLC各馏分的NPY放免活性峰位与标准NPY的峰位相符。PRP经胶原最大程度聚集后,血小板内的NPY浓度降为34±5 ng/10~7血小板,而PPP中的NPY浓度则升高到26±4 ng/ml。1.6 ml PRP经胶原作用产生最大程度聚集,由此分离所得的PPP引起离体灌流大鼠尾动脉收缩,张力上升380±80 mg;上述PPP经NPY抗血清处理后引起尾动脉收缩的幅度显著减小(190±40 mg,P<0.001)。而1 nmol/L人工合成NPY并不引起血管收缩。结果表明大鼠血小板中含有大量NPY,在不可逆聚集时可以释放,释放的NPY可能参与血小板聚集时释放物质的缩血管效应。     

Marker-Assisted Introgression of Quantitative Trait Loci

The use of molecular markers for the introgression of one or several superior QTL alleles into a recipient line is investigated using analytic and simulation results. The positions of the markers devoted to the control of the genotype at the QTLs in a ``foreground selection' step are optimized given the confidence interval of the QTL position. Results demonstrate that using at least three markers per QTL allows a good control over several generations. Population sizes that should be recommended for various numbers of QTLs are calculated and are used to determine the limit in the number of QTLs that can be monitored simultaneously. If ``background selection' devoted to accelerate the return to the recipient parent genotype outside the QTL regions is applied, the positions of the markers devoted to the control of the QTLs have to be reconsidered. When several QTLs are monitored simultaneously, background selection among the limited number of individuals resulting from the foreground selection step accelerates the increase in genomic similarity with the recipient parent, with only limited costs. Background selection is even more efficient in a pyramidal backcross program where QTLs are first monitored one by one.     

Conformational studies on substance P. C-terminal pentapeptide pGlu-Phe-Phe-Gly-Leu-Met NH2

The conformational behavior of the active C-terminal pentapeptide of substance P(SP), pGlu-Phe-Phe-Gly-Leu-Met NH₂ [pGlu-SP(7–11)] was investigated using empirical energy calculations. A sequential approach was used to display the specific contribution of each residue to induce stable conformations of the whole pentapeptide. The most stable conformations include the α_R helix and some partially helical structures; some conformations with glycyl residue in a C₇^eq and C₇^ax configurations (γ and $\text{γ}$ turns) are also favoured. Helical conformations provide a good accessibility of side-chains which play an important role in interacting with the receptor. Fully extended structures and β turns are not specially stable. Such helical stable structures would favour a “lock and key” model of binding.     

Serine/threonine protein phosphatases PP1 and PP2A are key players in apoptosis

The reversible phosphorylation of proteins controlled by protein kinases and protein phosphatases is a major mechanism that regulates a wide variety of cellular processes. In contrast to C. elegans, recent studies in mammalian cells have highlighted a major role of serine/threonine protein phosphorylation in apoptosis. To illustrate the importance of dephosphorylation processes in apoptosis, this review will focus on recent studies suggesting that the interaction of the serine/threonine protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) and protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) with certain regulators of the Bcl-2 family is critically involved in the control of apoptosis.     

切应力对内皮细胞膜微粘度的影响

目的：研究切应力对内皮细胞（EC）膜微粘度的影响。材料和方法：将EC置于脉动循环装置中,分别施加15dyne/cm^2,50dyne/cm^2,30Odyne/cm^2切应力,作用Oh,1h,2h,4h,6h,10h后,利用带偏振器的荧光分光光度计测量膜微粘度,结果：切应力使膜微粘度增加,且切应力越高,膜微粘度增加幅度越大。切应力作用4h,EC膜微粘度升至最高,4h-10h,膜微粘度开始缓慢恢复,但仍比静态对照显著升高,结论：在切应力作用下,EC膜微粘度增加,切应力是AS的致病因素,动脉狭窄处和大中动脉分叉处是AS好发的危险部位,也是防治的重点。     

LH500血细胞分析仪故障检修

对LH500血细胞分析仪常见故障,如气源、进样、计数、HGB与分类等,从原理与工作流程方面进行阐述。同时分析了故障原因与排除方法,总结检修思路与经验,供同行分享。     

过硫酸铵-N,N,N′,N′-四甲基乙二胺体系产生的氧自由基及其清除的研究

应用ESR和自旋捕集相结合的技术直接测定了过硫酸铵—N,N,N′,N′-四甲基乙二胺(AP-TEMED)体系产生的氧自由基,经计算机波谱模拟和计算波谱参数证实该体系产生的氧自由基是O_2~-和·OH。并用维生素C、茶多酚、超氧化物歧化酶等氧自由基清除剂,从聚丙烯酰胺凝胶法、化学发光法和脂质过氧化法不同角度研究了AP-TEMED体系在自由基研究方面的应用意义。     

超声诊断原发性肝癌的研究

本文33例原发性肝癌的超声诊断研究中24例有1.5至30年的肝病史。最近一次确诊为肝硬化者或无肿瘤者到首次发现肿瘤的时间为3至98天,平均27.3天,其中一例仅隔3天再查就发现肝左叶有多发性低回声肿瘤,最大肿瘤为64×65mm;首次发现肿瘤到第二次复查的时间为15至158天,平均49.4天,肿瘤平均增大约1.5倍,从单个发展至多个。本文就上述原发性肝癌发展的超声诊断跟踪分析探讨。     

外源性磷酸肌酸临床效果观察

研究磷酸肌酸对缺血／再灌注损伤心肌的保护作用。方法对２０例进行双瓣膜替换术的患者,随机分成两组：实验组和对照组;分别于主动脉阻断前,开放后２、２４、４８小时抽血测定ＡＳＴ,ＬＤＨ,ＣＫ－ＭＢ,ＣＫ－ＭＭ和ｃＴｎｔ。结果主动脉开放后２小时实验组各指标均明显低于对照组;２４时达峰值。     

高血压病的复合超声心动图研究

现常用于检测高血压病的彩色、脉冲多普勒及二维、M型超声心动图几种方法,各有其优点与不足。本文利用其各自的优点,运用上述复合超声心动图法检测96例高血压病患者及86例正常人,进行了分析研究。认为,此法检诊高血压病是实用、可行的。