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排序方式: 共有117条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
Minoru Kakeda Chiharu Ueguchi Hisami Yamada Takeshi Mizuno 《Molecular & general genetics : MGG》1995,248(5):629-634
2.
Moritoshi Iwagami Noppadon Tangpukdee Polrat Wilairatana Srivicha Krudsood Le Duc Dao Shusuke Nakazawa Muth Sinuon Duong Socheat Junko Yasuoka Masamine Jimba Hisami Watanabe Jun Kobayashi Hiromu Toma Viengxay Vanisaveth Bouasy Hongvanthong Paul T. Brey Shigeyuki Kano 《Parasitology international》2018,67(6):816-823
Malaria morbidity and mortality have decreased gradually in the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS). Presently, WHO sets a goal to eliminate malaria by 2030 in the GMS. However, drug-resistant malaria has been reported from several endemic areas. To achieve the goal of elimination, the status of the emergence and spread of drug resistance should be monitored. In this study, the genotype of the Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine (CQ) resistance transporter gene (pfcrt) and 6 microsatellite DNA loci flanking the gene were examined. P. falciparum isolates (n?=?136) was collected from malaria patients in Thailand (n?=?50, 2002–2005), Vietnam (n?=?39, 2004), Laos (n?=?15, 2007) and Cambodia (n?=?32, 2009). Amino acid sequences at codons 72–76 on the gene were determined. All of the isolates from Thailand were CQ-resistant (CVIET), as were all of the isolates from Cambodia (CVIET, CVIDT). Thirteen of the 15 isolates (87%) from Laos were CQ-resistant (CVIET, CVIDT), whereas the other 2 (13%) were CQ-susceptible (CVMNK). In contrast, 27 of the 39 isolates (69%) from Vietnam were CQ-susceptible (CVMNK), whereas the other 12 (31%) were CQ-resistant (CVIET, CVIDT, CVMDT) or mixed (CVMNK/CVIDT). The mean of expected heterozygosity of the microsatellite loci was 0.444 in the Thai population, 0.482 in the Cambodian population, and 0.734 in the Vietnamese population. Genetic diversity in the Thai population was significantly lower than that in the Vietnamese population. These results suggested that chloroquine selective pressure on P. falciparum populations is heterogeneous in the GMS. Therefore, further examination to understand the mechanisms behind the emergence and spread of drug-resistant malaria are needed. 相似文献
3.
Akio Nobuhara 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(9):1264-1269
6-Pentyl-α-pyrone, 6-propyl-α-pyrone and 4-decenoic acid-δ-lactone were prepared, and the nature of their flavors was investigated. Unsaturated lactones having the best flavorous nature as a butter or butter cake flavor among the lactones having double bond at various site, were 2-ene-δ-lactones which have a double bond at the α-position of the lactone ring and α-pyrones which have two double bonds at the α- and γ-positions. The flavor of 4-deceno-δ-lactone which has a double bond at the γ-position was the worst of them. 相似文献
4.
Hiroaki Nobuhara Keisuke Kuida Makoto Furutani Toshihiko Shiroishi Kazuo Moriwaki Yusuke Yanagi Tomio Tada 《Immunogenetics》1989,30(6):405-413
Southern blots of genomic DNA from 23 strains of laboratory mice and 19 individual wild mice were examined for restriction
fragment length polymorphisms in their loci encoding the T-cell receptors (Tcr): the constant regions of the α, β, and γ chains
(C
α,C
β, andC
γ) and a variable region family of the β chain (V
β8). Only a few polymorphisms were observed for each locus in the laboratory mice after using three restriction enzymes,Bam HI,Eco RI, andHind III. All the laboratory mice examined fall into one of two types for theC
α,C
β andV
β8 loci and one of three types for theC
γ. These types are found in some of the wild mice studied, indicating that they were already present in the founder mice of
laboratory mouse strains. In contrast, theTcr genes are highly polymorphic among wild mice. Analysis of the polymorphisms in these loci suggests that laboratory mice have
inherited their genes not only fromMus musculus domesticus, but also from other subspecies, and much more than previously believed from Asian subspecies. 相似文献
5.
Kenji Nakahigashi Yoshihiro Toya Nobuyoshi Ishii Tomoyoshi Soga Miki Hasegawa Hisami Watanabe Yuki Takai Masayuki Honma Hirotada Mori Masaru Tomita 《Molecular systems biology》2009,5(1)
Central carbon metabolism is a basic and exhaustively analyzed pathway. However, the intrinsic robustness of the pathway might still conceal uncharacterized reactions. To test this hypothesis, we constructed systematic multiple‐knockout mutants involved in central carbon catabolism in Escherichia coli and tested their growth under 12 different nutrient conditions. Differences between in silico predictions and experimental growth indicated that unreported reactions existed within this extensively analyzed metabolic network. These putative reactions were then confirmed by metabolome analysis and in vitro enzymatic assays. Novel reactions regarding the breakdown of sedoheptulose‐7‐phosphate to erythrose‐4‐phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate were observed in transaldolase‐deficient mutants, without any noticeable changes in gene expression. These reactions, triggered by an accumulation of sedoheptulose‐7‐phosphate, were catalyzed by the universally conserved glycolytic enzymes ATP‐dependent phosphofructokinase and aldolase. The emergence of an alternative pathway not requiring any changes in gene expression, but rather relying on the accumulation of an intermediate metabolite may be a novel mechanism mediating the robustness of these metabolic networks. 相似文献
6.
Miyaji C Watanabe H Miyakawa R Yokoyama H Tsukada C Ishimoto Y Miyazawa S Abo T 《Cellular immunology》2002,216(1-2):43-49
WEHI164S cells were found to be very sensitive targets for in vitro killing in a 6-h culture when liver or splenic lymphocytes were used as effector cells in mice. Of particular interest, a limiting cell-dilution analysis showed that effector cells were present in the liver with a high frequency (1/4,300). In contrast to YAC-1 cells as NK targets, perforin-based cytotoxicity was not highly associated with WEHI164S killing. The major killer mechanism for WEHI164S targets was TNFalpha-mediated cytotoxicity. By cell sorting experiments, both NK cells and intermediate T cells (i.e., TCR(int) cells) were found to contain effector cells against WEHI164S cells. However, the killer mechanisms underlying these effector cells were different. Namely, NK cells killed WEHI164S cells by perforin-based cytotoxicity, TNFalpha-mediated cytotoxicity, Fas ligand cytotoxicity, and other mechanisms, whereas intermediate T cells did so mainly by TNFalpha-mediated cytotoxicity. These results suggest that TNFalpha-mediated cytotoxicity mediated by so-called natural cytotoxic (NC) cells comprised events which were performed by both NK and intermediate T cells using somewhat different killer mechanisms. Intermediate T cells which were present in the liver were able to produce TNFalpha if there was appropriate stimulation. 相似文献
7.
The cytokinin receptor AHK4 histidine kinase, identified in Arabidopsis thaliana, presumably acts in concert with downstream components, such as histidine-containing phosphotransfer (HPt) factors (AHPs) and response regulators (ARRs). In this respect, we characterized a loss-of-function mutant of the AHK4 gene, named cre1-1, which showed a reduced cell number within the vascular tissues in roots. Among the 10 type-A ARR members, the expression of ARR15 and ARR16 in roots was specifically and markedly reduced in cre1-1, suggesting a link between these response regulators and the AHK4-mediated signal transduction in roots. The results for transgenic plants expressing promoter::GUS or promoter::LUC fusion genes showed that both the ARR15 and the ARR16 gene products are accumulated upon cytokinin treatment in roots. The results of GFP-fusion experiments with onion epidermal cells further showed that ARR15 was found in the nucleus, and ARR16 mainly in the cytoplasm. Together, it was suggested that ARR15 and ARR16 are distinctly implicated in the presumed AHK4-mediated signaling pathway in roots. 相似文献
8.
Huang Y Takeoka S Sakai H Abe H Hirayama J Ikebuchi K Ikeda H Tsuchida E 《Biotechnology progress》2002,18(1):101-107
Hemoglobin (Hb) has been widely studied as a raw material for various types of oxygen carriers. In the purification of Hb from red blood cells including virus inactivation and denaturation of other proteins and the long-term storage of Hb vesicles (HbV), a deoxygenation process is one of the important processes because of the high stability of deoxygenated Hb to heating and metHb formation. Though an oxygenated Hb solution can be deoxygenated with an artificial lung, it is difficult to reduce the oxygen partial pressure of the Hb solution to less than 10 Torr. We developed an electrochemical system for complete deoxygenation of the Hb solution at the cathode compartment using hydrogen containing nitrogen gas at the anode compartment. Oxygen in the Hb solution was reduced to OH(-) at the cathode compartment within several minutes at a potential value of -1.67 V and was finally converted to water by neutralization with H(+) from the anode in the whole system. The resulting completely deoxygenated Hb could tolerate heat treatment at 62 degrees C for 10 h with no denaturation of deoxygenated Hb. The metHb formation rate of reoxygenated Hb at 37 degrees C was not changed after heat treatment. Furthermore, vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) could be inactivated at an inactivation degree of more than 5.96 log by heat treatment. 相似文献
9.
Tomoyuki Watanabe Masao Saotome Mamoru Nobuhara Atsushi Sakamoto Tsuyoshi Urushida Hideki Katoh Hiroshi Satoh Makoto Funaki Hideharu Hayashi 《Experimental cell research》2014
Purpose
Evidence suggests an association between aberrant mitochondrial dynamics and cardiac diseases. Because myocardial metabolic deficiency caused by insulin resistance plays a crucial role in heart disease, we investigated the role of dynamin-related protein-1 (DRP1; a mitochondrial fission protein) in the pathogenesis of myocardial insulin resistance.Methods and Results
DRP1-expressing H9c2 myocytes, which had fragmented mitochondria with mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) depolarization, exhibited attenuated insulin signaling and 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2-DG) uptake, indicating insulin resistance. Treatment of the DRP1-expressing myocytes with Mn(III)tetrakis(1-methyl-4-pyridyl)porphyrin pentachloride (TMPyP) significantly improved insulin resistance and mitochondrial dysfunction. When myocytes were exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), they increased DRP1 expression and mitochondrial fragmentation, resulting in ΔΨm depolarization and insulin resistance. When DRP1 was suppressed by siRNA, H2O2-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and insulin resistance were restored. Our results suggest that a mutual enhancement between DRP1 and reactive oxygen species could induce mitochondrial dysfunction and myocardial insulin resistance. In palmitate-induced insulin-resistant myocytes, neither DRP1-suppression nor TMPyP restored the ΔΨm depolarization and impaired 2-DG uptake, however they improved insulin signaling.Conclusions
A mutual enhancement between DRP1 and ROS could promote mitochondrial dysfunction and inhibition of insulin signal transduction. However, other mechanisms, including lipid metabolite-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, may be involved in palmitate-induced insulin resistance. 相似文献10.