Flavonoids from Haplophyllum pedicellatum, H. robustum AND H. glabrinum

Haplophyllum pedicellatum, H. robustum and H. glabrinum all yielded the known compound gossypetin 8,3′-dimethyl ether 3-rutinoside. In addition the first two species afforded isorhamnetin and its 3-rutinoside. A new glycoside, gossypetin 8,3′-dimethyl ether 3-glucoside was obtained from H. pedicellatum together with the 3-malonylrutinoside, 3-malonylglucoside and 3-galactoside of isorhamnetin plus kaempferol 3-malonylglucoside. H. robustum yielded isorhamnetin 7-glucoside and 3-glucoside and quercetin 3-galactoside, while H. glabrinum was found to contain gossypetin 8-methyl ether 3-malonylrutinoside in addition to kaempferol and isorhamnetin 3-glucoside.     

Azetidines and spiro azetidines as novel P2 units in hepatitis C virus NS3 protease inhibitors

Herein, we report the synthesis and structure–activity relationship studies of new analogs of boceprevir 1 and telaprevir 2. Introduction of azetidine and spiroazetidines as a P2 substituent that replaced the pyrrolidine moiety of 1 and 2 led to the discovery of a potent hepatitis C protease inhibitor 37c (EC₅₀ = 0.8 μM).     

Vector-dependent gene expression driven by insulated P-element reporter vectors

The Pelican and Stinger series of P-element transformation vectors are a popular choice for reporter gene expression in transgenic flies. We report here as a cautionary note that these vectors on their own can drive reporter gene expression in the larval and pupal salivary gland.     

Computational discovery of <Emphasis Type="Italic">cis</Emphasis>-regulatory modules in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Drosophila</Emphasis> without prior knowledge of motifs

We consider the problem of predicting cis-regulatory modules without knowledge of motifs. We formulate this problem in a pragmatic setting, and create over 30 new data sets, using Drosophila modules, to use as a 'benchmark'. We propose two new methods for the problem, and evaluate these, as well as two existing methods, on our benchmark. We find that the challenge of predicting cis-regulatory modules ab initio, without any input of relevant motifs, is a realizable goal.