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排序方式: 共有213条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
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Se-Chan Kim Alexander Ghanem Heidi Stapel Klaus Tiemann Pascal Knuefermann Andreas Hoeft Rainer Meyer Christian Grohé Anne A Knowlton Georg Baumgarten 《BMC physiology》2007,7(1):5
Backgound
It has been reported that Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) deficiency reduces infarct size after myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R). However, measurement of MI/R injury was limited and did not include cardiac function. In a chronic closed-chest model we assessed whether cardiac function is preserved in TLR4-deficient mice (C3H/HeJ) following MI/R, and whether myocardial and systemic cytokine expression differed compared to wild type (WT). 相似文献2.
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The structure of the integument and the muscle attachments of the marine heterotardigradeE. sigismundi (M. Schultze) was studied by electron microscopy. The cuticle consists of several layers: an outer tripartite (or multilayered) epicuticle, perhaps with an outermost coat; a homogeneous inner epicuticle; a trilaminated layer; an intracuticle; and a fibrous procuticle. These features resemble the cuticle described in Eutardigrada; in contrast, areas on the legs and near the claws, with an outer multilayered epicuticle and a striated layer (inner epicuticle), are — as far as investigated — more similar to the cuticle in Heterotardigrada. The epidermis consists of a single cell layer without glands. The muscle attachments are in line with the general pattern described in the eutardigradeMacrobiotus hufelandi and in Arthropoda. 相似文献
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BACKGROUND: Neurons in primary auditory cortex are known to be sensitive to the locations of sounds in space, but the reference frame for this spatial sensitivity has not been investigated. Conventional wisdom holds that the auditory and visual pathways employ different reference frames, with the auditory pathway using a head-centered reference frame and the visual pathway using an eye-centered reference frame. Reconciling these discrepant reference frames is therefore a critical component of multisensory integration. RESULTS: We tested the reference frame of neurons in the auditory cortex of primates trained to fixate visual stimuli at different orbital positions. We found that eye position altered the activity of about one third of the neurons in this region (35 of 113, or 31%). Eye position affected not only the responses to sounds (26 of 113, or 23%), but also the spontaneous activity (14 of 113, or 12%). Such effects were also evident when monkeys moved their eyes freely in the dark. Eye position and sound location interacted to produce a representation for auditory space that was neither head- nor eye-centered in reference frame. CONCLUSIONS: Taken together with emerging results in both visual and other auditory areas, these findings suggest that neurons whose responses reflect complex interactions between stimulus position and eye position set the stage for the eventual convergence of auditory and visual information. 相似文献
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Neuronal plasticity in the mushroom body calyx during adult maturation in the honeybee and possible pheromonal influences
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Thomas S. Muenz Claudia Groh Alban Maisonnasse Yves Le Conte Erika Plettner Wolfgang Rössler 《Developmental neurobiology》2015,75(12):1368-1384
Honeybee workers express a pronounced age‐dependent polyethism switching from various indoor duties to foraging outside the hive. This transition is accompanied by tremendous changes in the sensory environment that sensory systems and higher brain centers have to cope with. Foraging and age have earlier been shown to be associated with volume changes in the mushroom bodies (MBs). Using age‐ and task‐controlled bees this study provides a detailed framework of neuronal maturation processes in the MB calyx during the course of natural behavioral maturation. We show that the MB calyx volume already increases during the first week of adult life. This process is mainly driven by broadening of the Kenyon cell dendritic branching pattern and then followed by pruning of projection neuron axonal boutons during the actual transition from indoor to outdoor duties. To further investigate the flexible regulation of division of labor and its neuronal correlates in a honeybee colony, we studied the modulation of the nurse‐forager transition via a chemical communication system, the primer pheromone ethyl oleate (EO). EO is found at high concentrations on foragers in contrast to nurse bees and was shown to delay the onset of foraging. In this study, EO effects on colony behavior were not as robust as expected, and we found no direct correlation between EO treatment and synaptic maturation in the MB calyx. In general, we assume that the primer pheromone EO rather acts in concert with other factors influencing the onset of foraging with its effect being highly adaptive. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 75: 1368–1384, 2015 相似文献
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Stephanie M. Cohen Paul D. Chastain II Gary B. Rosson Beezly S. Groh Bernard E. Weissman David G. Kaufman Scott J. Bultman 《Nucleic acids research》2010,38(20):6906-6919
For DNA replication to occur, chromatin must be remodeled. Yet, we know very little about which proteins alter nucleosome occupancy at origins and replication forks and for what aspects of replication they are required. Here, we demonstrate that the BRG1 catalytic subunit of mammalian SWI/SNF-related complexes co-localizes with origin recognition complexes, GINS complexes, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen at sites of DNA replication on extended chromatin fibers. The specific pattern of BRG1 occupancy suggests it does not participate in origin selection but is involved in the firing of origins and the process of replication elongation. This latter function is confirmed by the fact that Brg1 mutant mouse embryos and RNAi knockdown cells exhibit a 50% reduction in replication fork progression rates, which is associated with decreased cell proliferation. This novel function of BRG1 is consistent with its requirement during embryogenesis and its role as a tumor suppressor to maintain genome stability and prevent cancer. 相似文献
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Jessica AB van Nies Rute B Marques Stella Trompet Zuzana de Jong Fina AS Kurreeman Rene EM Toes J Wouter Jukema Tom WJ Huizinga Annette HM van der Helm-van Mil 《Arthritis research & therapy》2010,12(2):R38