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1.
A comparison was made between a hay fed group, consisting of 23 ewes, and a grass silage fed group of 22 ewes, all pregnant. Excretion of Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) in the faeces and milk, antibody titres in sera and whey and delayed hypersensitivity against Lm, and several blood components were determined. The animals had previously been exposed to Lm, and Lm was isolated from the faeces from several animals when the experiment started. No significant difference in number of excretors between the 2 groups was found during the experimental period. The haemagglutination titres in both sera and whey were low and on the same level in both groups. The titres were higher in animals with 1 foetus than in animals with more than 1 foetus. In the first part of the experimental period the silage group had a reduced number of lymphocytes, lower total serum protein values and higher serum iron values, compared with the hay group. The silage group also had a stronger delayed hypersensitivity reaction against Lm than the hay group, and in the silage group the reaction was significantly stronger in ewes with 3 or more foetuses than in ewes with 1 foetus. In conclusion, the combined effect of some of the changes found in animals fed grass silage may leave them more susceptible to infections. 相似文献
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Thea Kristiansen Jens‐Christian Svenning Wolf L. Eiserhardt Dennis Pedersen Hans Brix Søren Munch Kristiansen Maria Knadel César Grández Henrik Balslev 《Journal of Biogeography》2012,39(7):1318-1332
Aim It is a central issue in ecology and biogeography to understand what governs community assembly and the maintenance of biodiversity in tropical rain forest ecosystems. A key question is the relative importance of environmental species sorting (niche assembly) and dispersal limitation (dispersal assembly), which we investigate using a large dataset from diverse palm communities. Location Lowland rain forest, western Amazon River Basin, Peru. Methods We inventoried palm communities, registering all palm individuals and recording environmental conditions in 149 transects of 5 m × 500 m. We used ordination, Mantel tests and indicator species analysis (ISA) to assess compositional patterns, species responses to geographical location and environmental factors. Mantel tests were used to assess the relative importance of geographical distance (as a proxy for dispersal limitation) and environmental differences as possible drivers of dissimilarity in palm species composition. We repeated the Mantel tests for subsets of species that differ in traits of likely importance for habitat specialization and dispersal (height and range size). Results We found a strong relationship between compositional dissimilarity and environmental distance and a weaker but also significant relationship between compositional dissimilarity and geographical distance. Consistent with expectations, relationships with environmental and geographical distance were stronger for understorey species than for canopy species. Geographical distance had a higher correlation with compositional dissimilarity for small‐ranged species compared with large‐ranged species, whereas the opposite was true for environmental distance. The main environmental correlates were inundation and soil nutrient levels. Main conclusions The assembly of palm communities in the western Amazon appears to be driven primarily by species sorting according to hydrology and soil, but with dispersal limitation also playing an important role. The importance of environmental characteristics and geographical distance varies depending on plant height and geographical range size in agreement with functional predictions, increasing our confidence in the inferred assembly mechanisms. 相似文献
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An extract containing solubilised receptor was passed through four columns containing Sepharose to which had been covalently coupled anti-cobalophilin IgG, vitamin B-12-intrinsic factor, vitamin B-12, and free intrinsic factor, respectively. Following a wash the receptor was eluted with EDTA, then residual Triton X-100 micelles and vitamin B-12-intrinsic factor were removed by Sephadex G-200 filtration. The receptor was purified 84 000-fold, sodium dodecyl sulphate electrophoresis indicated two subunits and gel filtration of its vitamin B-12-inttrinsic factor complex resolved it into two molecular species. 相似文献
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Summary The reductive cleavage of the aclacinomycins A (I), Y (II), and B (III) by intact mycelia or subcellular fractions of the producer strain S. spec. AM 33352/F43 is suppressed in the presence of uncouplers, complex-forming agents, detergents, and some metal anions such as chromate. Increased concentration of the latter in complete cultures caused rearrangement of I to III. 相似文献
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The influence of arterial hypoxia on bone marrow pressure, regional blood flow and oxygen and carbon dioxide tensions was investigated by simultaneous and continuous measurements in the femoral condyles of 8 rabbits. Arterial hypoxia was obtained by hypoventilation. The subchondral gas tensions and regional blood flow were measured by a previously described technique based on mass spectrometry. Arterial hypoxia caused a significant decrease in subchondral oxygen tension and an increase in subchondral carbon dioxide tension. There was no significant change in bone marrow pressure and regional blood flow. 相似文献
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Crystallization and preliminary x-ray diffraction studies of recombinant human interleukin-1 beta 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Recombinant human interleukin-1 beta has been crystallized into a tetragonal cell. The unit cell constants are a = b = 54.9 A, c = 76.8 A, and alpha = beta = gamma = 90 degrees. The crystals diffract to better than 1.9 A and are suitable for high resolution data collection. The crystallization conditions and general crystal data are presented. 相似文献
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Summary The receptor lymph of campaniform sensilla on the halteres of the blowfly, Calliphora vicina, was analyzed histochemically. Acid mucopolysaccharides were demonstrated by a test for iron-binding capacity (Hale-reaction). Further characterization by enzyme treatment showed that the receptor lymph contains hyaluronic acid and/or chondroitin sulfate. Ultrahistochemical studies gave evidence for glycoproteins in the inner and outer receptor lymph space. The significance of acid mucopolysaccharides for arthropod sensilla is discussed. 相似文献