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排序方式: 共有131条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Liver microsomal concentration of cytochrome P.450 is increased in animals which are fed diets rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids. On the other hand, the effects of phenobarbital are more important when the dietary fat is more unsaturated. The unsaturation index in liver microsomal phosphatidylcholines depends on the unsaturation of the dietary fats. The treatment with phenobarbital constantly results in a decrease of the unsaturation index of fatty acids both in lecithins and cephalins. The importance of the liver microsomal cytochrome P.450 increase and the importance of the unsaturation index decrease in liver microsomal lecithins, both promoted by phenobarbital, are in good agreement. 相似文献
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3.
Litman GW; Rast JP; Shamblott MJ; Haire RN; Hulst M; Roess W; Litman RT; Hinds- Frey KR; Zilch A; Amemiya CT 《Molecular biology and evolution》1993,10(1):60-72
Immunoglobulins are encoded by a large multigene system that undergoes
somatic rearrangement and additional genetic change during the development
of immunoglobulin-producing cells. Inducible antibody and antibody-like
responses are found in all vertebrates. However, immunoglobulin possessing
disulfide-bonded heavy and light chains and domain-type organization has
been described only in representatives of the jawed vertebrates. High
degrees of nucleotide and predicted amino acid sequence identity are
evident when the segmental elements that constitute the immunoglobulin gene
loci in phylogenetically divergent vertebrates are compared. However, the
organization of gene loci and the manner in which the independent elements
recombine (and diversify) vary markedly among different taxa. One striking
pattern of gene organization is the "cluster type" that appears to be
restricted to the chondrichthyes (cartilaginous fishes) and limits
segmental rearrangement to closely linked elements. This type of gene
organization is associated with both heavy- and light-chain gene loci. In
some cases, the clusters are "joined" or "partially joined" in the germ
line, in effect predetermining or partially predetermining, respectively,
the encoded specificities (the assumption being that these are expressed)
of the individual loci. By relating the sequences of transcribed gene
products to their respective germ-line genes, it is evident that, in some
cases, joined-type genes are expressed. This raises a question about the
existence and/or nature of allelic exclusion in these species. The
extensive variation in gene organization found throughout the vertebrate
species may relate directly to the role of intersegmental
(V<==>D<==>J) distances in the commitment of the individual
antibody-producing cell to a particular genetic specificity. Thus, the
evolution of this locus, perhaps more so than that of others, may reflect
the interrelationships between genetic organization and function.
相似文献
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H Goudonnet E Wulfert P de Grimal R Truchot 《Comptes rendus des séances de la Société de biologie et de ses filiales》1978,172(6):1131-1136
Seven analogs of methyl-2 [chloro-4' benzoyl)-4 phenoxy]-2 propionic acid, (LF 153) have been tested for their effects on respiration and phosphorylation of rat liver mitochondria suspensions. They differ from one another by the sort of binding between both aromatic cycle as well as by the nature and position of the halogenated substitutions and alpha methylation in the propionic chain. All the compounds which have been tested acted as inhibitors of the electron transport chain and uncouplers of phosphorylations. 相似文献
6.
H Goudonnet J Magdalou J Mounie A Naoumi M L Viriot A Escousse G Siest R Truchot 《Biochimica et biophysica acta》1990,1035(1):12-19
The effect of thyroid hormones and chemically related compounds, on the activity of UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (EC 2.4.1.17) and cytochrome P-450-dependent monooxygenases in rat liver microsomes was investigated. The animals were thyroidectomized and treated with different doses of the drugs for 3 weeks. Opposite effects were observed depending on the isoenzyme of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase considered. While 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine, 3,3',5-triiodothyroacetic acid, 3,3',5-triiodothyropropionic acid, isopropyldiiodothyronine and L- and D-thyroxine strongly increased 4-nitrophenol glucuronidation in a dose-dependent fashion, they decreased markedly bilirubin glucuronidation. However, the activity toward nopol, a monoterpenoid alcohol, was not significantly changed regardless of which compound or dose was used. Variation of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase observed with 4-nitrophenol and bilirubin was related to the thyromimetic effect of the drugs estimated from the increase in alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase. Thyronine and 3,5-diiodo-L-tyrosine, which did not enhance this activity, also failed to affect glucuronidation. Variations in UDP-glucuronosyltransferase activity were more likely due to changes in protein expression rather than changes in enzyme latency, since lipid organization of the microsomal membrane, as estimated from the mean anisotropy of 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene by fluorescence polarization was not significantly modified by the drug administration. Although some of the drugs could significantly decrease the triacylglycerol and cholesterol contents in plasma, all failed to affect lauric acid hydroxylation. The activities of catalase, palmitoyl-CoA dehydrogenase (CN- insensitive) and carnitine acetyltransferase in the fraction enriched in peroxisomes were also not significantly affected by treatment with the thyroid hormone LT3. In contrast, the activity of 7-ethoxycoumarine O-deethylase was increased by large doses of thyronine and by 3,3',5-triiodothyropropionic acid. The concentration of total cytochrome P-450 was decreased in a dose-dependent fashion by all the compounds used, except thyronine. Finally, significant correlations were observed between glucuronidation of bilirubin and 4-nitrophenol and the content in cytochrome P-450. This suggests a possible coordinate regulation of the two processes, which depends on the physicochemical characteristics of the thyroid hormones and related compounds. 相似文献
7.
J Mounié B Faye H Goudonnet J Magdalou L Champion A Escousse G Siest R C Truchot 《Comptes rendus des séances de la Société de biologie et de ses filiales》1988,182(1):105-117
The effect of peroxidized soybean oil in the diet of male Wistar rats was studied on hepatic drug metabolizing enzymes and their phenobarbital induction and compared to that of natural soybean diet in the same conditions. No hepatomegaly or increase in serum transaminases occurred, however growth was inhibited after ingestion of peroxidized soybean oil. In addition, the protein biosynthesis of epoxide hydrase determined by immunochemistry was largely stimulated by this treatment; but the corresponding activity measured with benzo(a)pyrene 4-5 oxide as a substrate was increased in weaker proportions. This induction was limited to epoxide hydrolase only, since the enzymes of phase one were not affected and UDP glucuronosyltransferase activities toward group I substrates were randomly activated. The induction of epoxide hydrolase may affect only one or several isoforms of the membrane enzyme which are not necessarily specific to benzo(a)pyrene 4-5 oxide activity determination of the enzyme. 相似文献
8.
Background
In addition to known protein-coding genes, large amounts of apparently non-coding sequence are conserved between the human and mouse genomes. It seems reasonable to assume that these conserved regions are more likely to contain functional elements than less-conserved portions of the genome. 相似文献9.
van Dijken JP Bauer J Brambilla L Duboc P Francois JM Gancedo C Giuseppin ML Heijnen JJ Hoare M Lange HC Madden EA Niederberger P Nielsen J Parrou JL Petit T Porro D Reuss M van Riel N Rizzi M Steensma HY Verrips CT Vindeløv J Pronk JT 《Enzyme and microbial technology》2000,26(9-10):706-714
To select a Saccharomyces cerevisiae reference strain amenable to experimental techniques used in (molecular) genetic, physiological and biochemical engineering research, a variety of properties were studied in four diploid, prototrophic laboratory strains. The following parameters were investigated: 1) maximum specific growth rate in shake-flask cultures; 2) biomass yields on glucose during growth on defined media in batch cultures and steady-state chemostat cultures under controlled conditions with respect to pH and dissolved oxygen concentration; 3) the critical specific growth rate above which aerobic fermentation becomes apparent in glucose-limited accelerostat cultures; 4) sporulation and mating efficiency; and 5) transformation efficiency via the lithium-acetate, bicine, and electroporation methods. On the basis of physiological as well as genetic properties, strains from the CEN.PK family were selected as a platform for cell-factory research on the stoichiometry and kinetics of growth and product formation. 相似文献
10.
Imaging of the surface of living cells by low-force contact-mode atomic force microscopy. 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
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C Le Grimellec E Lesniewska M C Giocondi E Finot V Vi J P Goudonnet 《Biophysical journal》1998,75(2):695-703
The membrane surface of living CV-1 kidney cells in culture was imaged by contact-mode atomic force microscopy using scanning forces in the piconewton range. A simple procedure was developed for imaging of the cell surface with forces as low as 20-50 pN, i.e., two orders of magnitude below those commonly used for cell imaging. Under these conditions, the indentation of the cells by the tip could be reduced to less than l0 nm, even at the cell center, which gave access to the topographic image of the cell surface. This surface appeared heterogeneous with very few villosities and revealed, only in distinct areas, the submembrane cytoskeleton. At intermediate magnifications, corresponding to 20-5 microm scan sizes, the surface topography likely reflected the organization of submembrane and intracellular structures on which the plasma membrane lay. By decreasing the scan size, a lateral resolution better than 20 nm was routinely obtained for the cell surface, and a lateral resolution better than 10 nm was obtained occasionally. The cell surface appeared granular, with packed particles, likely corresponding to proteins or protein-lipid complexes, between approximately 5 and 30 nm xy size. 相似文献