Antibodies against calcium-regulating hormones in infectious-allergic forms of bronchial asthma

Antibodies to calcitonin, parathyroid hormone and cortisol are detected in acute stage of infection-caused bronchial asthma. The appearance of antibodies is paralleled by marked hypercalcaemia. The antibodies may bind excessive hormones in the blood, preventing further hormonal imbalance. Ten-day treatment with glucocorticoids decreased the amount of antibodies possibly due to normalization of hormonal secretion and restoration of their balance. As a result, calcium blood levels returned to normal.     

Delayed hypersensitivity and nonspecific cellular immunity. The cytotoxic activity of macrophages, natural and antibody-dependent killer cells

The experiment on (BALB/cXC57BL)F1 mice, showing a high level of delayed hypersensitivity (DH) when sensitized with BCG vaccine and Staphylococcus aureus strain B-243, has demonstrated the influence of such sensitization and DH reaction induced by the injection of a specific antigen (old tuberculin or staphylococcal phagolysate) into the sensitized animals on the cytotoxicity of macrophages, natural killers (NK) and antibody-dependent killers (ADK). Sensitization with BCG vaccine alone results in an insignificant rise in the activity of these effector cells, and sensitization with S. aureus produces no changes at all. The pronounced activation of the cytotoxicity of macrophages, NK and, to a lesser extent, ADK has been observed in DH reaction induced by the injection of a specific antigen into the sensitized mice. In the course of DH reaction a rise in the activity of NK and ADK not only against tumor target cells, but also against microbial ones (Candida albicans and S. aureus) has been found to occur.     

Recombinational analysis of a natural noncytopathic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolate: role of the vif gene in HIV-1 infection kinetics and cytopathicity.

Two molecularly cloned coisolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) have been found to exhibit different phenotypes of viral expression, either rapid and cytopathic (N1T-A virus) or delayed and noncytopathic (N1T-E virus [X. Ma, K. Sakai, F. Sinangil, E. Golub, and D. J. Volsky, Virology 176:184-194, 1990]). To identify the viral genetic elements responsible for these phenotypes, we prepared reciprocal recombinants in different regions of N1T-A and N1T-E viral genomes. Infectivity experiments with the recombinant viruses revealed that the rapid/cytopathic (N1T-A-like) phenotype assorted cleanly with the V1f-coding region and Vif expression. The smallest HIV-1 DNA region that conferred the complete phenotypic switch was a 284-bp NdeI-StuI fragment within the vif open reading frame. Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed a 35-bp deletion starting at nucleotide 218 in the N1T-E vif gene. A 23-kDa Vif protein was detected by immunoblotting using Vif-specific antiserum in extracts of cells infected with N1T-A but not N1T-E virus. No detectable vif protein was found in association with sedimented particles of either virus. Cotransfection of a eucaryotic vif expression plasmid with N1T-E DNA complemented the N1T-E defect; rapid/cytopathic infection similar to that in N1T-A-transfected cells was observed. We conclude that Vif controls the rate, and consequently the cytopathic outcome, of HIV-1 infection.     

Can Ca2+-dependent competence be repeatedly induced in the same Escherichia coli cells?

Summary With the help of devised multicycle consecutive transformation (MCT) it is shown that Ca²⁺-dependent competence can be repeatedly induced in the same population of Escherichia coli cells. The same fraction of cells is induced to competence and transformed during MCT. In contrast to the results on classical transformation with mixed DNA preparations, no double transformants are observed in MCT. The competent cells and transformants are found to be more fragile than nontransformed cells. The latter are represented presumably by the cells that have not absorbed exogenous plasmid DNA. The results suggest that there is strong interference between plasmid DNAs during MCT, and that the presence of exogenous DNA makes the cells more sensitive to the apparently harmful procedure of repeated competence induction.     

斑点叉尾鮰源普通变形杆菌的分离、鉴定及药敏特性

【目的】对患病斑点叉尾鮰进行病原菌分离、鉴定及药敏实验,为斑点叉尾鮰肠道坏死病的防控提供参考。【方法】从患病斑点叉尾鮰病灶、肝、脾和肾分离纯化病原菌,经理化特性测定及16S rRNA基因序列分析对其进行鉴定,开展人工感染试验,并利用纸片扩散法进行药敏特性分析。【结果】分离菌株k1为本次引发斑点叉尾鮰病害的致病菌,其对斑点叉尾鮰的LD50为2.82×10~5 CFU/g。菌株k1理化特性与普通变形杆菌Proteus vulgaris基本一致,16S rRNA基因序列与普通变形杆菌相似性最高,综合判定分离菌株为普通变形杆菌。分离菌株k1对环丙沙星、头孢唑林及头孢拉定等12种抗生素高度敏感,对苯唑西林、阿莫西林及痢特灵等7种抗生素耐药。【结论】分离菌株k1是斑点叉尾鮰病原菌,养殖时可选用庆大霉素及氟苯尼考等药物进行防控。     

灰胸竹鸡的生物学特性及经济价值

本文从形态特征、生活习性、繁殖和血液生理生化特点等方面介绍了灰胸竹鸡生物学特性和经济价值,对灰胸竹鸡的人工驯养与繁殖,以及保护性开发具有重要意义。     

低温弱光下水杨酸对黄瓜幼苗光合作用及抗氧化酶活性的影响

为了探讨低温弱光下水杨酸（SA）对黄瓜光合功能的调控作用,以‘津优3号’黄瓜幼苗为试材,叶面喷施不同浓度的SA溶液,研究低温弱光下黄瓜幼苗气体交换参数、光化学效率、MDA含量及抗氧化酶活性的变化.结果表明：低温弱光胁迫使黄瓜幼苗叶片的光合速率（P_n）、气孔导度（G_s）、蒸腾速率（T_r）、PSⅡ光下实际光化学效率（Φ_PSⅡ）及暗下最大光化学效率（F_v/F_m）明显降低,胞间CO₂浓度（C_i）显著升高,说明低温弱光下黄瓜幼苗P_n下降的主要原因是非气孔限制;低温弱光还可引起黄瓜幼苗丙二醛（MDA）含量增加,超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性升高,过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性降低,过氧化物酶（POD）活性先升高后降低.而胁迫前用0.5～2.5 mmol·L^-1 SA预处理幼苗,其叶片的P_n、G_s、T_r、Φ_PSⅡ、F_v/F_m及SOD、POD和CAT活性与CK（水预处理）相比均有不同程度的提高,C_i和MDA含量有所降低.表明SA可有效调控低温弱光下黄瓜幼苗叶片的光合功能,提高其低温弱光耐性,其适宜浓度为1 mmol·L^-1.     

新疆伊犁哈萨克族的体质特征研究

作者对新疆伊犁地区的哈萨克族大、中专学生进行了活体观察和测量,观察30项（551名,男262,女289）测量92项（404人,男226,女178）,所得数据进行了统计学处理和分析,计算了头面部和体部的31项指数,并进行了指数分型处理。     

自噬抑制剂3-MA上调H2O2损伤的PC12细胞氧化应激水平

为探究自噬抑制剂6-氨基-3-甲基腺嘌呤（3-methyladenine,3-MA）对损伤细胞氧化应激水平的影响,将3-MA作用于H2O2诱导的PC12细胞损伤模型,以自噬增强剂雷帕霉素（rapamycin,Rap）作为对照,探讨自噬与氧化应激的关系。测定线粒体的膜电位和细胞内的活性氧（reactive oxygen species, ROS）与丙二醛(malondialdehyde, MDA)含量,以及超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)和过氧化氢酶(catalase,CAT)活性,评价损伤细胞的氧化应激状态。单丹(磺)酰戊二胺（monodansylcadaverine,MDC）染色,观察损伤细胞的自噬情况。蛋白质印迹分析损伤细胞中的自噬相关蛋白质LC3-II/LC3-I比值变化。实验结果显示：与正常组相比,H2O2损伤细胞的ROS水平上升到正常组的141%,MDA含量增加(P<0.001);CAT与SOD酶活力显著降低(P<0.001),差异均有统计学意义,证明损伤细胞氧化应激水平增加;MDC染色结果表明,H2O2组自噬明显增加。Western印迹结果表明,LC3-II/LC3-I值显著升高（P<0.05）;与损伤组相比,3-MA组MDC染色结果表明,自噬水平降低。Western印迹结果表明,LC3-II/LC3-I值下降;细胞内ROS水平升高,增加到正常组的208%。MDA含量增加(P<0.001),CAT、SOD酶活力降低(P<0.001)。综上结果表明,自噬抑制剂可增加H2O2诱导的PC12细胞损伤模型的氧化应激水平,增加细胞凋亡。     

正常小鼠高频心电图时域值和功率谱的研究

本文用南京新博公司生产的ＮＨＥ－１０００型心电高频信息检测分析仪研究了正常小鼠（昆明种）高频心电图（ＨＦ－ＥＣＧ）的时域值和ＱＲＳ波群的功率谱。主要结果如下（以正导为例,－Ｘ±ＳＤ）：心率６０３±８８次／ｍｉｎ（ｎ＝７４）;Ｐ－Ｒ间期相对较长。为３４．９±４．７ｍｓ（ｎ＝５８）,占心动周期的３４．９±４．９％,这与人类有很大的不同;ＱＲＳ波宽９．２±１．２ｍｓ,占心动周期的９．２±１．４％（ｎ＝７４）,这一结果与以前的文献报道相差较大。Ｔ波宽１０．３±３．２ｍｓ,占心动周期的１０．３±３．２％;Ｑ－Ｔ间期１９．４±３．２ｍｓ,占心动周期的１９．５±３．６％;ＱＲＳ波群峰－峰值（Ｖｐ－ｐ）为１．４５６±０．４８０ｍＶ;Ｔ波高０．３３６±０．１１５ｍＶ;７３只动物Ⅱ导联高频切迹总数只有３个,扭挫２６个。Ⅱ导联ＱＲＳ波群的功率谱特点：０—８０Ｈｚ的相对能量为４５．４８±１５．３２％;８０—２００Ｈｚ为４３．９７±９．９５％;２００—３００Ｈｚ为８．８９±７．３８％;３００—１０００Ｈｚ为１．６６±２．７４％。