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排序方式: 共有114条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Purinoceptor agonists stimulate phosphatidylcholine secretion in primary cultures of adult rat type II pneumocytes 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
We examined the effect of purinoceptor agonists on phosphatidylcholine secretion in primary cultures of type II pneumocytes from adult rats. Surfactant is a major product of the type II cell and phosphatidylcholine is its principal component. Adenosine, AMP, ADP and ATP stimulated phosphatidylcholine secretion in a concentration-dependent manner. At the optimum concentration (1 mM), adenosine and AMP stimulated phosphatidylcholine secretion more than 2-fold, while ATP stimulated 5-fold and ADP almost 7-fold. Because of the magnitude of the response it is tempting to speculate that secretion of surfactant may be under purinoceptor regulation. None of these agents influenced cellular phosphatidylcholine synthesis or lactate dehydrogenase release into the medium, so the effects were primarily on secretion and were not secondary to effects on synthesis or cell damage. Non-metabolizable analogs of adenosine, 5'-N-ethyl-carboxyamidoadensoine (NECA) and L-N6-phenylisopropyladenosine (L-PIA), stimulated secretion to the same extent as adenosine and the effect of NECA was antagonized by 8-phenyltheophylline, suggesting a P1 purinoceptor-mediated mechanism. The stimulatory effect of ATP was diminished by alpha, beta-methylene ATP but only slightly by 8-phenyltheophylline, suggesting that, although part of the ATP effect could be explained by catabolism to adenosine, the P2 purinoceptor may also be involved in regulation of surfactant secretion. 相似文献
2.
The haplotype distribution of the ΔF508 mutation in cystic fibrosis families in Scotland 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Iain McIntosh Ann Curtis Maria-Luz Lorenzo Marion Keston Annette J. Gilfillan Gillian Morris David J. H. Brock 《Human genetics》1990,85(4):419-420
Summary The gene defective in cystic fibrosis (CF) has recently been isolated and the major mutation identified. The haplotype distribution
of this mutation (ΔF508) has been determined for 215 CF chromosomes in the Scottish population. ΔF508 represents 73% of all
CF mutations in this group. There remains considerable linkage disequilibrium between XV2c and KM19 and other mutations in
the CF gene. 相似文献
3.
Summary The use of reticulated polyurethane foam as a support material for the immobilization of methanogenic associations and its application to the anaerobic treatment of fine particulate solid wastes was investigated. The colonization of polyurethane support particles in a continuous upflow reactor fed on a mixture of acetate, propionate and butyrate, was both rapid and dense. The combination of rumen microorganisms and colonized support particles in a two-phase digester resulted in an efficient anaerobic decomposition of papermill sludge. 相似文献
4.
Javier Pe?a-Diaz Siv A. Hegre Endre Anderssen Per A. Aas Robin Mjelle Gregor D. Gilfillan Robert Lyle Finn Drabl?s Hans E. Krokan P?l S?trom 《Nucleic acids research》2013,41(5):2846-2856
Genome-wide gene expression analyses of the human somatic cell cycle have indicated that the set of cycling genes differ between primary and cancer cells. By identifying genes that have cell cycle dependent expression in HaCaT human keratinocytes and comparing these with previously identified cell cycle genes, we have identified three distinct groups of cell cycle genes. First, housekeeping genes enriched for known cell cycle functions; second, cell type-specific genes enriched for HaCaT-specific functions; and third, Polycomb-regulated genes. These Polycomb-regulated genes are specifically upregulated during DNA replication, and consistent with being epigenetically silenced in other cell cycle phases, these genes have lower expression than other cell cycle genes. We also find similar patterns in foreskin fibroblasts, indicating that replication-dependent expression of Polycomb-silenced genes is a prevalent but unrecognized regulatory mechanism. 相似文献
5.
Neil R. Jordan Krystyna A. Golabek Peter J. Apps Geoffrey D. Gilfillan John W. McNutt 《Ethology : formerly Zeitschrift fur Tierpsychologie》2013,119(8):644-652
Scent‐marking is common in mammals, but where signals are carried by urine and faeces, distinguishing between scent‐marking and mere elimination is problematic. To do so, we documented behaviours and context variables associated with urination and defecation in free‐ranging endangered African wild dogs (Lycaon pictus) and tested whether these were related to the responses of other dogs to deposits. We found that distinct postures were almost uniquely associated with deposits by dominant wild dogs, were more common during urination than defecation, and increased the likelihood that these deposits would be investigated by other wild dogs. The likelihood of investigation depended on the sex and dominance status of the depositor, the type of deposit and the substrate. Urine from dominant females was more likely to be investigated by other wild dogs than any other deposits, and deposits placed on vegetation were more likely to be investigated than those on bare ground. The likelihood that a deposit would be overmarked was affected by the deposit type and the sex and dominance status of the last depositor. Collectively, these results suggest that dominant wild dog urine is of greatest interest to other dogs. Our results show that some deposits by African wild dogs are not scent‐marks and that detailed observations of behaviours and context variables during elimination events can be used to distinguish deposits that are likely to be of communication value. 相似文献
6.
Tkaczyk C Beaven MA Brachman SM Metcalfe DD Gilfillan AM 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2003,278(48):48474-48484
Mast cell degranulation following Fc epsilon RI aggregation is generally believed to be dependent on phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase)-mediated phospholipase C (PLC)gamma activation. Here we report evidence that the PLC gamma 1-dependent pathway of Fc epsilon RI-mediated activation of mast cells is independent of PI 3-kinase activation. In primary cultures of human mast cells, Fc epsilon RI aggregation induced a rapid translocation and phosphorylation of PLC gamma 1, and subsequent inositol trisphosphate (IP3) production, which preceded PI 3-kinase-related signals. In addition, although PI 3-kinase-mediated responses were completely inhibited by wortmannin, even at high concentrations, this PI 3-kinase inhibitor had no effect on parameters of Fc epsilon RI-mediated PLC gamma activation, and had little effect on the initial increase in intracellular calcium levels that correlated with PLC gamma activation. Wortmannin, however, did produce a partial (approximately 50%) concentration-dependent inhibition of Fc epsilon RI-mediated degranulation in human mast cells and a partial inhibition of the later calcium response at higher concentrations. Further studies, conducted in mast cells derived from the bone marrow of mice deficient in the p85 alpha and p85 beta subunits of PI 3-kinase, also revealed no defects in Fc epsilon RI-mediated PLC gamma 1 activation. These data are consistent with the conclusion that the PLC gamma-dependent component of Fc epsilon RI-mediated calcium flux leading to degranulation of mast cells is independent of PI 3-kinase. However, PI 3-kinase may contribute to the later phase of Fc epsilon RI-mediated degranulation in human mast cells. 相似文献
7.
AB Chang NC Cox J Purcell JM Marchant PJ Lewindon GJ Cleghorn LC Ee GD Withers MK Patrick J Faoagali 《Respiratory research》2005,6(1):1-5
Background and methods
Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is a recently discovered respiratory virus associated with bronchiolitis, pneumonia, croup and exacerbations of asthma. Since respiratory viruses are frequently detected in patients with acute exacerbations of COPD (AE-COPD) it was our aim to investigate the frequency of hMPV detection in a prospective cohort of hospitalized patients with AE-COPD compared to patients with stable COPD and to smokers without by means of quantitative real-time RT-PCR.Results
We analysed nasal lavage and induced sputum of 130 patients with AE-COPD, 65 patients with stable COPD and 34 smokers without COPD. HMPV was detected in 3/130 (2.3%) AE-COPD patients with a mean of 6.5 × 105 viral copies/ml in nasal lavage and 1.88 × 105 viral copies/ml in induced sputum. It was not found in patients with stable COPD or smokers without COPD.Conclusion
HMPV is only found in a very small number of patients with AE-COPD. However it should be considered as a further possible viral trigger of AE-COPD because asymptomatic carriage is unlikely. 相似文献8.
9.
10.
Furumoto Y Brooks S Olivera A Takagi Y Miyagishi M Taira K Casellas R Beaven MA Gilfillan AM Rivera J 《Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)》2006,176(9):5167-5171
Engagement of the FcepsilonRI expressed on mast cells induces the production of phosphatidylinositol 3, 4, 5-trisphosphate by PI3K, which is essential for the functions of the cells. PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome ten) directly opposes PI3K by dephosphorylating phosphatidylinositol 3, 4, 5-trisphosphate at the 3' position. In this work we used a lentivirus-mediated short hairpin RNA gene knockdown method to study the role of PTEN in CD34(+) peripheral blood-derived human mast cells. Loss of PTEN caused constitutive phosphorylation of Akt, p38 MAPK, and JNK, as well as cytokine production and enhancement in cell survival, but not degranulation. FcepsilonRI engagement of PTEN-deficient cells augmented signaling downstream of Src kinases and increased calcium flux, degranulation, and further enhanced cytokine production. PTEN-deficient cells, but not control cells, were resistant to inhibition of cytokine production by wortmannin, a PI3K inhibitor. The findings demonstrate that PTEN functions as a key regulator of mast cell homeostasis and FcepsilonRI-responsiveness. 相似文献