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1.
Margaret von Faber Gerda M. van der Weele Geertje van der Geest Jeanet W. Blom Nicolette van der Zouwe Ria Reis Roos C. van der Mast Jacobijn Gussekloo 《Tijdschrift voor gerontologie en geriatrie》2016,47(6):249-257
Background
To gain new insights for support for older people with low mood, we explored the perceptions of ‘screenpositive’ older people on underlying causes and possible solutions.Design and method
We conducted two in-depth interviews with 38 participants (≥77 years) who screened positive for depressive symptoms in general practice. To investigate the influence of the presence of complex health problems, we included 19 persons with and 19 without complex problems. Complex problems were defined as a combination of functional, somatic, psychological or social problems.Results
All participants used several cognitive, social or practical coping strategies. Four patterns emerged: mastery, acceptance, ambivalence, and need for support. Some participants, especially those with complex problems, were ambivalent about possible interventions.Conclusion
Most older participants perceived their coping strategies as sufficient. General practitioners can support self-management by exploring the (effectiveness of) personal coping strategies, providing information, elaborating on perceptions of risks and discussing alternative options with older persons.2.
Methods used to date for the isolation of DNA from polyacrylamide gels are elution based, time-consuming and with low yield in DNA. This paper describes an improved system employing polyacrylamide gels made of a meltable matrix. The new system was successfully applied to in situ DNA footprinting following gel retardation assays. 相似文献
3.
Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies have revolutionized the treatment of various inflammatory diseases. Immunogenicity against
these antibodies has been shown to be clinically important: it is associated with shorter response duration because of diminishing
concentrations in the blood and with infusion reactions. Concomitant immunomodulators in the form of methotrexate or azathioprine
reduced the immunogenicity of therapeutic antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn disease, and juvenile idiopathic arthritis.
The occurrence of adverse events does not increase when immunomodulators are added to therapeutic antibodies. The mechanism
whereby methotrexate and azathioprine influence immunogenicity remains unclear. Evidence-based consensus on prescribing concomitant
immunomodulators is needed. 相似文献
4.
Gas vesicles are gas-filled prokaryotic organelles that function as flotation devices. This enables planktonic cyanobacteria and halophilic archaea to position themselves within the water column to make optimal use of light and nutrients. Few terrestrial microbes are known to contain gas vesicles. Genome sequences that have become available recently for many bacteria from non-planktonic habitats reveal gas vesicle gene clusters in members of the actinomycete genera Streptomyces, Frankia and Rhodococcus, which typically live in soils and sediments. Remarkably, there is an additional level of complexity in cluster number and gene content. Here, we discuss whether putative gas vesicle proteins in these actinomycetes might actually be involved in flotation or whether they might fulfil other cellular functions. 相似文献
5.
Activation of dendritic cells that cross-present tumor-derived antigen licenses CD8+ CTL to cause tumor eradication 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
van Mierlo GJ Boonman ZF Dumortier HM den Boer AT Fransen MF Nouta J van der Voort EI Offringa R Toes RE Melief CJ 《Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)》2004,173(11):6753-6759
The fate of naive CD8(+) T cells is determined by the environment in which they encounter MHC class I presented peptide Ags. The manner in which tumor Ags are presented is a longstanding matter of debate. Ag presentation might be mediated by tumor cells in tumor draining lymph nodes or via cross-presentation by professional APC. Either pathway is insufficient to elicit protective antitumor immunity. We now demonstrate using a syngeneic mouse tumor model, expressing an Ag derived from the early region 1A of human adenovirus type 5, that the inadequate nature of the antitumor CTL response is not due to direct Ag presentation by the tumor cells, but results from presentation of tumor-derived Ag by nonactivated CD11c(+) APC. Although this event results in division of naive CTL in tumor draining lymph nodes, it does not establish a productive immune response. Treatment of tumor-bearing mice with dendritic cell-stimulating agonistic anti-CD40 mAb resulted in systemic efflux of CTL with robust effector function capable to eradicate established tumors. For efficacy of anti-CD40 treatment, CD40 ligation of host APC is required because adoptive transfer of CD40-proficient tumor-specific TCR transgenic CTL into CD40-deficient tumor-bearing mice did not lead to productive antitumor immunity after CD40 triggering in vivo. CpG and detoxified LPS (MPL) acted similarly as agonistic anti-CD40 mAb with respect to CD8(+) CTL efflux and tumor eradication. Together these results indicate that dendritic cells, depending on their activation state, orchestrate the outcome of CTL-mediated immunity against tumors, leading either to an ineffective immune response or potent antitumor immunity. 相似文献
6.
Boonman ZF van Mierlo GJ Fransen MF Franken KL Offringa R Melief CJ Jager MJ Toes RE 《Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)》2004,172(3):1567-1574
Ocular immune privilege is considered essential in the protection against sight-threatening immune responses, as illustrated by the ability of the ocular environment to permit the growth of tumors that are rejected when implanted at other sites. Although several studies indicate that soluble Ag can drain directly into the spleen when injected into the anterior chamber, the primary site of intraocular tumor Ag presentation to tumor-specific CTLs has not been studied. To gain a better understanding of the mechanism involved in ocular immune privilege, we examined to which lymphoid organs anterior chamber tumor Ags primarily drain. Our data show that intraocular tumor Ag drains exclusively to the submandibular lymph nodes, resulting in activation of tumor-specific CTLs, whereas no Ag drainage was found in spleen. However, these tumor-specific CTLs do not distribute systemically and, as a consequence, intraocular tumor growth is unhampered. A similar lack of CTL efficacy has been observed in mice bearing s.c. tumors, which is converted to a systemic tumoricidal CTL response by administration of agonistic anti-CD40 mAb. In contrast, systemic anti-CD40 treatment of eye tumor-bearing mice did not result in mobilizing tumor-specific CTLs or tumor eradication. Together, these results show that intraocular tumor Ag drains to regional lymph nodes for activation of tumor-specific CTLs. However, the induced tumor-specific immunity is insufficient for tumor clearance, even combined with otherwise highly effective immune intervention protocols. 相似文献
7.
8.
Geertje A. M. Ari?ns Willem van Mechelen Han C. G. Kemper Jos W. R. Twisk Willem van Mechelen 《European journal of applied physiology and occupational physiology》1997,76(3):214-220
The purpose of this study was to describe the longitudinal development of running economy [defined as the oxygen uptake (V˙O2) at a submaximal running speed] in males and females from teenage to young adult age using data from the Amsterdam Growth
and Health Study. Submaximal V˙O2 (in ml · kg−1· min−1) was measured in 84 males and 98 females while they ran on a treadmill at a constant speed of 8 km · h−1 for 6 min at three different treadmill slopes (0%, 2.5% and 5%). This test was carried out six times, on the same subjects
at the ages of 13, 14, 15, 16, 21, and 27 years. The longitudinal development of running economy in males and females was
analysed using a two-way analysis of variance for repeated measurements. At all three slopes, a significant decrease in V˙O2 with increasing age was found for both males and females, implying a significant increase in running economy for both sexes.
Males showed significantly higher V˙O2 values than females at all ages measured and for all three slopes, suggesting that females have a significantly higher running
economy than males. In order to make a better comparison of the V˙O2 of individuals of different sizes, allometric models were used; power function ratios were constructed in which body mass
was expressed to an exponential power. Following this analysis the difference in submaximal V˙O2 and running economy between males and females appeared even larger.
Accepted: 20 February 1997 相似文献
9.
Tim G. A. M. Wolfs Wim A. Buurman Bea Zoer Rob M. J. Moonen Joep P. M. Derikx Geertje Thuijls Eduardo Villamor Markus Gantert Yves Garnier Luc J. I. Zimmermann Boris W. Kramer 《PloS one》2009,4(6)
Chorioamnionitis is the most significant source of prenatal inflammation and preterm delivery. Prematurity and prenatal inflammation are associated with compromised postnatal developmental outcomes, of the intestinal immune defence, gut barrier function and the vascular system. We developed a sheep model to study how the antenatal development of the gut was affected by gestation and/or by endotoxin induced chorioamnionitis.Chorioamnionitis was induced at different gestational ages (GA). Animals were sacrificed at low GA after 2d or 14d exposure to chorioamnionitis. Long term effects of 30d exposure to chorioamnionitis were studied in near term animals after induction of chorioamnionitis. The cellular distribution of tight junction protein ZO-1 was shown to be underdeveloped at low GA whereas endotoxin induced chorioamnionitis prevented the maturation of tight junctions during later gestation. Endotoxin induced chorioamnionitis did not induce an early (2d) inflammatory response in the gut in preterm animals. However, 14d after endotoxin administration preterm animals had increased numbers of T-lymphocytes, myeloperoxidase-positive cells and gammadelta T-cells which lasted till 30d after induction of chorioamnionitis in then near term animals. At early GA, low intestinal TLR-4 and MD-2 mRNA levels were detected which were further down regulated during endotoxin-induced chorioamnionitis. Predisposition to organ injury by ischemia was assessed by the vascular function of third-generation mesenteric arteries. Endotoxin-exposed animals of low GA had increased contractile response to the thromboxane A2 mimetic U46619 and reduced endothelium-dependent relaxation in responses to acetylcholine. The administration of a nitric oxide (NO) donor completely restored endothelial dysfunction suggesting reduced NO bioavailability which was not due to low expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase.Our results indicate that the distribution of the tight junctional protein ZO-1, the immune defence and vascular function are immature at low GA and are further compromised by endotoxin-induced chorioamnionitis. This study suggests that both prematurity and inflammation in utero disturb fetal gut development, potentially predisposing to postnatal intestinal pathology. 相似文献
10.
Geertje van de Ven Irena Draskovic Elke van Herpen Raymond T. C. M. Koopmans Rogier Donders Sytse U. Zuidema Eddy M. M. Adang Myrra J. F. J. Vernooij-Dassen 《PloS one》2014,9(1)