排序方式: 共有43条查询结果,搜索用时 343 毫秒
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Ronald J. Prokopy Chris Bergweiler Luis Galarza Jeri Schwerin 《Journal of Insect Behavior》1994,7(5):663-677
Females of the apple maggot fly,Rhagoletis pomonella, were allowed for 3 days to alight upon and oviposit in green or red 18- to 20-mm hawthorn host fruit (Crategus mollis) or green or red 45- to 55-mm apple host fruit (Malus pumila) hung from branches of potted host trees in field enclosures. Subsequently, when females were released individually on potted host trees harboring fruit of one of these types, their ability to find fruit of unfamiliar size proved unaffected by prior experience with fruit but their ability to find fruit of unfamiliar color was significantly affected. Specifically, females exposed to red hawthorns or red apples were less able to find green hawthorns or green apples than were females experienced with either of the latter fruit types. Fruit odor was found to have no effect on female ability to find familiar compared with unfamiliar green fruit. In contrast, a difference in size (or surface chemistry) between familiar and unfamiliar fruit but not a difference in fruit color had a significant negative influence on the propensity of alighting females to bore into unfamiliar fruit. Three bouts of experience with alighting upon and ovipositing into fruit over a period of about 1 h had no detectable effect on female ability to find unfamiliar fruit but did reduce propensity to bore into unfamiliar fruit. Our findings are discussed in relation to insect ability to learn visual and chemical stimuli of resources and insect propensity to form host races. We also discuss the potential impact of our findings on nonpesticidal, behavioral methods of managingR. pomonella in commercial apple orchards. 相似文献
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S. Roques J. A. Galarza E. Macpherson G. F. Turner J. Carreras-Carbonell C. Rico 《Conservation Genetics》2007,8(5):1255-1257
We have developed eight new microsatellite markers for the saddled bream (Oblada melanura) from an enriched genome library protocol. All these loci are polymorphic, with mean allelic diversity of 14.75 (range 3–22),
and expected and observed heterozygosities from 0.233 to 0.918 and 0.212 to 0.913, respectively. Cross-species tests in two
close relatives of the genus Diplodus (D. sargus and D. vulgaris) revealed successful amplifications at 6 out of 8 loci, with means allele number of 6.67 (range 4–10) and 6.50 (range 4–10),
respectively. These results are consistent with the close phylogenetic relationships between the three species, indicating
this set of primers might proved useful for studying the levels of genetic diversity and population differentiation in these
three species and in other phylogenetically close species of the genus Diplodus and Sparus. 相似文献
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Elíades Lorena Cabello Marta Voget Claudio Galarza Betina Saparrat Mario 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2010,26(11):2105-2111
A screening was carried out on 69 fungal strains isolated from alkaline-calcareous, neutral and alkaline-sodic soils, as well
as from their associated plant material, to determine their ability to grow at alkaline pH. A total of 32 fungi were selected
for their ability to produce alkaline keratinase activity in submerged shaken cultures supplemented with soybean meal (SM)
and tryptone and on cow hair (CH) under solid state fermentation conditions. Although several fungal strains produced keratinolytic
activity on both SM and CH, they differed in the levels detected. Among them, Aspergillus niger, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Metarrhizium anisopliae, Neurospora tetrasperma and Westerdikella dispersa were the best producers, with levels higher than 1.2 U ml−1. Different fungal species are here reported for the first time for their ability to produce keratinolytic activity at alkaline
pH. 相似文献
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Rosa Agudo Severine Roques Juan Antonio Galarza Ciro Rico Fernando Hiraldo José Antonio Donázar 《Conservation Genetics》2008,9(5):1345-1348
We developed 18 new microsatellite loci for the endangered Egyptian vulture (Neophron percnopterus). Microsatellite loci were screened for variation in two different populations belonging to separate subspecies: the nominal
N. p. percnopterus and the Canarian N. p. majorensis. Mean expected heterosygosities were respectively 0.51 and 0.46, while the mean number of alleles per locus was 4.7 and 3.9.
These new markers allow further genetic studies for the endangered Canarian Egyptian Vulture. 相似文献
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José Luis Tellería Álvaro Ramírez Aitor Galarza Roberto Carbonell Javier Pérez-Tris Tomás Santos 《Journal of Biogeography》2009,36(2):220-229
Aim The abundance distribution of organisms at regional scales is commonly interpreted as the result of spatial variation in habitat suitability. However, the possibility that geography itself may affect patterns of distribution has received less attention. For example, the abundance of wintering bird populations might be influenced by the cost of reaching areas located far away from the main migratory pathways. We studied the abundance distribution of three common migratory passerines (meadow pipits, Anthus pratensis; common chaffinches, Fringilla coelebs; and European robins, Erithacus rubecula) wintering in farmlands located in the 600‐km long Cantabrian coastal sector of northern Spain, roughly perpendicular to the west Pyrenean migratory pathway that drives European migrant birds into the Iberian Peninsula. Location The study area occupies a belt located between the Atlantic coast and the Cantabrian Mountains in northern Spain. Methods We counted wintering and breeding birds and measured the structure of vegetation and environmental variables (altitude, rainfall, temperature) in 68 farmlands distributed at different distances from the west Pyrenean migratory flyway. We also studied the distribution of birds ringed in central and northern Europe and recovered in the study area between October and February. Analyses were based on single univariate statistics (chi‐square tests), ordination by principal components analysis and multiple regression. Results Controlling for the effects of climate, vegetation structure and local abundance of breeding conspecifics, the winter abundance of all three species decreased with the distance from their main migratory route in the western Pyrenees. Such patterns fitted well to the observed distribution of ringing recoveries. Main conclusions Our results support a link between the movements of birds along the Pyrenean migratory pathway and their winter abundance in northern Spain. According to this view, the sectors located near the migratory pathway seem to be more easily occupied by migrants, supporting the idea that proximity to passage areas may explain the fine‐grain regional patterning of species abundance in wintering grounds. 相似文献