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排序方式: 共有210条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Gabi Wegmann Regula Huber Else Zanolla Hans M. Eppenberger Theo Wallimann 《Differentiation; research in biological diversity》1991,46(2):77-87
The expression and the cellular- as well as subcellular-distribution of brain-type B-CK and mitochondrial Mi-CK during development of the chicken retina was studied by immunoblotting, immunofluorescence and immunogold methods. B-CK expression and accumulation in retina was high from early stages of embryonic development on, decreased slightly around hatching and remained high again during adulthood. At early stages of development (days 2-5), B-CK was more or less evenly distributed over the entire retina with the exception of ganglion cells, which were stained more strongly for B-CK than other retinal precursor cells. Then, at around day 10, the beginning of stratified immunostaining by anti-B-CK antibody was noted concomitant with progressing differentiation. Finally, a dramatic increase in staining of the differentiating photoreceptor cells was seen before hatching (day 18) with weaker staining of other cell types. At hatching, as in the adult state, most of the B-CK was localized within rods and cones. Thus, during retinal development marked changes in the immunostaining pattern for B-CK were evident. By contrast, Mi-CK expression was low during development in ovo and rose just before hatching with a predominant accumulation of this isoenzyme within the ellipsoid portion of the inner photoreceptor cell segments. Mi-CK accumulation in the retina coincided with functional maturation of photoreceptors and therefore represents a good marker for terminal differentiation of these cells. B-CK, present from early stages of retina development, seems to be relevant for the energetics of retinal cell proliferation, migration and differentiation, whereas the simultaneous expression of both B- and Mi-CK around the time of hatching indicates a coordinated function of the two CK isoforms as constituents of a PCr-circuit involved in the energetics of vision, which, in autophagous birds, has to be operational at this point in time. 相似文献
2.
Evan M. Schlaich John A. Thomas Lakshmi Kandari Gabi Tremml Anurag Khetan 《Biotechnology progress》2023,39(3):e3330
Single-use bioreactors (SUBs, or disposable bioreactors) are extensively used for the clinical and commercial production of biologics. Despite widespread application, minimal results have been reported utilizing the turndown ratio; an operation mode where the working range of the bioreactor can be expanded to include low fluid volumes. In this work, a systematic investigation into free surface mass transfer and cell growth in high turndown single-use bioreactors is presented. This approach, which combines experimental mass transfer measurements with numerical simulation, deconvolutes the combined effects of headspace mixing and the free surface convective mass transfer on cell growth. Under optimized conditions, mass transfer across the interface alone may be sufficient to satisfy oxygen demands of the cell culture. Within the context of high turndown bioreactors, this finding provides a counterpoint to traditional sparge-based bioreactor operational philosophy. Multiple monoclonal antibody-producing cell lines grown using this high turndown approach showed similar viable cell densities to those cells expanded using a traditional cell bag rocker. Furthermore, cells taken directly from the turndown expansion and placed into production showed identical growth characteristics to traditionally expanded cultures. Taken together, these results suggest that the Xcellerex SUB can be run at a 5:1 working volume as a seed to itself, with no need for system modifications, potentially simplifying preculture operations. 相似文献
3.
An electrophoretic study of genetic variation at 11 loci was performedfor a population of European minnows, Phoxinus phoxinus (L.). Ten loci, EST-1
*, EST-2
*
EST-3
*,GPD-1
*,GPD-2
*,GPI-1
*,GPI-2
*,MPI
*,6PGD
* and PGM
* were polymorphic. IDH
*wasmonomorphic. The mean number of heterozygotic loci over all 176 fish was 3.05 ± 0.104(SE). Observed mean heterozygosity was 0.28±0.058(SE) and expected mean heterozygosity was 0.27±0.054(SE). EST-2
*, EST-3
* andPGM
* were not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Length,condition, parasite numbers or male breeding characters, i.e. red colorationand tubercles, were not influenced by single enzyme loci. 相似文献
4.
Annette Masuch Kathrin Budde Gabi Kastenmüller Anna Artati Jerzy Adamski Henry Vlzke Matthias Nauck Maik Pietzner 《Journal of cellular and molecular medicine》2019,23(8):5144-5153
Metabolomics studies now approach large sample sizes and the health characterization of the study population often include complete blood count (CBC) results. Upon careful interpretation the CBC aids diagnosis and provides insight into the health status of the patient within a clinical setting. Uncovering metabolic signatures associated with parameters of the CBC in apparently healthy individuals may facilitate interpretation of metabolomics studies in general and related to diseases. For this purpose 879 subjects from the population‐based Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP)‐TREND were included. Using metabolomics data resulting from mass‐spectrometry based measurements in plasma samples associations of specific CBC parameters with metabolites were determined by linear regression models. In total, 118 metabolites significantly associated with at least one of the CBC parameters. Strongest associations were observed with metabolites of heme degradation and energy production/consumption. Inverse association seen with mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular haemoglobin comprised metabolites potentially related to kidney function. The presently identified metabolic signatures are likely derived from the general function and formation/elimination of blood cells. The wealth of associated metabolites strongly argues to consider CBC in the interpretation of metabolomics studies, in particular if mutual effects on those parameters by the disease of interest are known. 相似文献
5.
Mechanisms of cytotoxicity induced by horseradish peroxidase/indole-3-acetic acid gene therapy 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
We have previously proposed the horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and the non-toxic plant hormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) as a novel system for gene-directed enzyme/prodrug therapy (GDEPT). The cytotoxic potential of HRP/IAA GDEPT and the induction of a bystander effect were demonstrated in vitro under normoxic as well as hypoxic tumour conditions. To date, the chemical agents and the cellular targets involved in HRP/IAA-mediated toxicity have not been identified. In the present work, some of the molecular and morphological features of the cells treated with HRP/IAA gene therapy were analysed. Human T24 bladder carcinoma cells transiently transfected with the HRP cDNA and exposed to the prodrug IAA showed chromatin condensation, formation of apoptotic bodies, DNA fragmentation, and Annexin V binding. Similar effects were observed when the cells were incubated with the apoptotic agent cisplatin. Caspases appeared to be involved as effectors in HRP/IAA-mediated apoptosis, since treatment with a general caspase inhibitor decreased the fraction of cells with micronuclei (MN) by 30%, with fragmented DNA by 50%, and with condensed chromatin by 60%. However, very little degradation of one of the downstream targets of caspase-3, PARP, could be detected, and apoptosis alone did not appear to account for the killing levels measured with a clonogenic assay. The effect of HRP/IAA treatment on cell cycle progression was also investigated, and a rapid cytostatic effect, equally affecting all phases of the division cycle, was observed. 相似文献
6.
Adorján P Distler J Lipscher E Model F Müller J Pelet C Braun A Florl AR Gütig D Grabs G Howe A Kursar M Lesche R Leu E Lewin A Maier S Müller V Otto T Scholz C Schulz WA Seifert HH Schwope I Ziebarth H Berlin K Piepenbrock C Olek A 《Nucleic acids research》2002,30(5):e21
Aberrant DNA methylation of CpG sites is among the earliest and most frequent alterations in cancer. Several studies suggest that aberrant methylation occurs in a tumour type-specific manner. However, large-scale analysis of candidate genes has so far been hampered by the lack of high throughput assays for methylation detection. We have developed the first microarray-based technique which allows genome-wide assessment of selected CpG dinucleotides as well as quantification of methylation at each site. Several hundred CpG sites were screened in 76 samples from four different human tumour types and corresponding healthy controls. Discriminative CpG dinucleotides were identified for different tissue type distinctions and used to predict the tumour class of as yet unknown samples with high accuracy using machine learning techniques. Some CpG dinucleotides correlate with progression to malignancy, whereas others are methylated in a tissue-specific manner independent of malignancy. Our results demonstrate that genome-wide analysis of methylation patterns combined with supervised and unsupervised machine learning techniques constitute a powerful novel tool to classify human cancers. 相似文献
7.
8.
Erb N Haverland U Harms DO Escherich G Janka-Schaub G 《Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences》2003,796(1):87-94
The main metabolites of the cytotoxic drugs thioguanine (6TG) and mercaptopurine (6MP) can be measured conveniently in red blood cells (RBC). Isolation of RBC, however, is laborious and requires some milliliters of blood. This HPLC assay allows measurements of thiopurine metabolites in very small blood samples obtained from the finger-tip. The metabolites, derivatives of 6TG and methylmercaptopurine (6MeMP), were extracted and hydrolized with perchloric acid to liberate the corresponding base. 6MeMP is completely transformed under these conditions to 4-amino-5-(methylthio)carbonyl imidazole. The chromatographic separation of 6TG and this imidazole was performed in a single run under isocratic conditions within 10 min using a 70 mm column. The quantification limit was 0.5 nmol/ml for 6TG and 3 nmol/ml blood for 6MeMP. The accuracy was 83% for 6TG (CV=3%) over the concentration range of 0.5-20 nmol/ml blood and 102% (CV=4%) for 6MeMP over the range of 3-150 nmol/ml blood. The intra-assay CV ranged from 5.4 to 7.4% for 6TG and from 6.2 to 10.6% for 6MeMP. The inter-assay CV was 7.5 and 9.5% in a pooled blood sample. The levels in RBC in whole blood were nearly coincident with those obtained in separated RBC, isolation of RBC therefore is not necessary for these measurements, if the drugs are given per os in the day before blood sampling. The concentration of 6MeMP nucleotides is more dependent on the given 6MP dose than the concentration of 6TG nucleotides. Intraindividual variations were small at unchanged drug doses, interindividual metabolite concentrations were highly variable. 相似文献
9.
Like higher plants, unicellular green algae of the genus Dunaliella respond to light stress by enhanced de-epoxidation of violaxanthin and accumulation of Cbr, a protein homologous to early
light-inducible proteins (Elips) in plants. Earlier studies indicated that Cbr was associated with the light-harvesting complex
of photosystem II (LHCII) and suggested it acted as a zeaxanthin-binding protein and fulfilled a photo-protective function
(Levy et al. 1993, J. Biol. Chem. 268: 20892–20896). To characterize the protein-pigment subcomplexes containing Cbr in greater
detail than attained so far, thylakoid membranes from Dunaliella salina grown in high light or normal light were solubilized with dodecyl maltoside and fractionated by isoelectric-focusing. Analysis
of the resolved LHCII subcomplexes indicated preferred associations among the four LHCIIb polypeptides and between them and
Cbr: subcomplexes including Cbr contained one or two of the more acidic of the four LHCIIb polypeptides as well as large amounts
of lutein and zeaxanthin relative to chlorophyll a/b. After sucrose gradient centrifugation, Cbr free of LHCIIb polypeptides
was detected together with released pigments; this Cbr possibly originated in subcomplexes dissociated in the course of the
analysis. These results agree with the conclusion that Cbr is part of the network of LHCIIb protein-pigment complexes and
suggest that the role played by Cbr involves the organization and/or stabilization of assemblies highly enriched in zeaxanthin
and lutein. Such assemblies may function to protect PSII from photodamage due to overexcitation.
Received: 6 August 1999 / Accepted: 23 November 1999 相似文献
10.