Sarcinomyces sideticae, a new black yeast from historical marble monuments in Side (Antalya, Turkey)

A new species of Sarcinomyces , a melanized fungus with meristematic development, is described. On the basis of small subunit and internal transcribed sequence regions of ribosomal DNA sequencing, the new species was accommodated in the anamorph genus Sarcinomyces (Herpotrichiellaceae, Chaetothyriales) close to S. petricola .  © 2007 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society , 2007, 154 , 373–380.     

ADVANCE DIRECTIVES IN TURKEY'S CULTURAL CONTEXT: EXAMINING THE POTENTIAL BENEFITS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PATIENT RIGHTS

Advance directives are not a part of the healthcare service in Turkey. This may be related with the fact that paternalism is common among the healthcare professionals in the country, and patients are not yet integrated in the decision‐making process adequately. However, starting from the enactment of the Regulation of Patient Rights in 1998, this situation started to change. While the paternalist tradition still appears to be strong in Turkey, the Ministry of Health has been taking concrete measures in the recent years to ensure that patient rights are implemented in healthcare practice. Therefore, Turkey now seems to be in a transitional period where a move towards a more patient‐autonomy centred approach is being supported by the regulatory authorities, as well as the academic circles and the public at large. In the light of this background, this paper aims to examine the potential benefits of advance directives, particularly with regard to their possible effect in the clinical decision‐making process of Turkey's context. It will be argued that advance directives, if correctly understood and implemented in the right settings, may be beneficial, particularly for improving communication between patients and healthcare professionals and for implementing of the right to refuse treatment.     

14C Photoassimilate Partitioning in Developing Sunflower Seeds

Changes with age of protein and oil content in field-grown Helianthusannuus seeds were followed during the grain filling period.Seeds were sampled from different zones on the flower head:peripheral, intermediate, and central. Regardless of seed position,at maturity protein and oil content accounted for approximately18% and 50% of the dry weight respectively. In an attempt todetermine the importance of the role of photosynthesis in grain-filling,¹⁴CO₂ was incorporated into sunflower leaves and translocatedradioactive photoassimilates in the seed were studied. ¹⁴C-labelledproducts including carbohydrates, nitrogenous compounds andlipids were determined as a function of seed position, lengthof chase period, and seed age. Within 8 h, ¹⁴C-labelled photosynthateis detected in the seed, up to 80% of seed-incorporated radioactivitybeing in the form of free sugars and organic acids. The conversionrate from free sugars to storage compounds (lipids, proteinsand starch) varies according to seed position and age. Lipidsconstitute the major photosynthetic sink, reaching levels ofgreater than 80% of the total seed-incorporated radioactivity.The effects of abscisic acid on uptake and partitioning of ¹⁴Csucrose into immature excised cotyledons were also studied. Key words: Sunflower, photosynthate, abscisic acid