云南48种木兰科野生植物资源遗传多样性研究

为了解云南省木兰科（Magnoliaceae）野生植物资源的遗传多样性,利用ISSR分子标记技术对48种木兰科野生植物资源进行研究。结果表明,10对引物共扩增出151条带,均为多态性条带,多态性条带百分率为100%。总的观测等位基因数（N_a）为2.000 0,有效等位基因数（N_e）为1.564 5,Nei’s基因多样性指数（H）0.337 9,Shannon’s信息指数（I）为0.510 1。总的基因多样性指数（H_t）为0.368 0,属间基因多样性指数（D_st）为0.251 9,占68.4%,基因分化系数（G_st）为0.684 0,基因流（N_m）为0.231 0。UPGMA聚类分析将48种木兰科植物划分为7个类群,各类群并非按照属聚在一起,而是不同属植物相间分布,长喙厚朴（Magnolia rostrata）、素黄含笑（Michelia flaviflora）和球花含笑（M.sphaerantha）可能为云南省木兰科植物中的原始种。48种木兰科野生植物总体具有较高的遗传多样性,但属间遗传变异较高,基因流较小,存在遗传漂变的风险,聚类结果与刘玉壶的分类系统存在分歧,这从分子水平为木兰科植物间的起源、进化与分类提供了重要依据。     

Polymorphisms of the Myostatin Gene and Its Relationship with Reproduction Traits in the Bian Chicken

Myostatin, or growth and differentiation factor 8, is a member of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily; it functions as a negative regulator of skeletal muscle development and growth in mammals. In this study, single nucleotide polymorphisms in the 5′ regulatory region and exon 1 of the myostatin gene were detected by PCR–SSCP in the Bian, Jinghai, Youxi, and Arbor Acre chickens, and the associations of the polymorphisms with reproduction traits were analyzed. Seven SNPs (A326G, C334G, C1346T, G1375A, A1473G, G1491A, and G2283A) were found in the myostatin gene. Association analysis showed that the G2283A were significantly associated with reproduction traits. Bian chickens of the GG genotype had a greater age at first egg than those of the GA and AA genotypes (P < 0.01). Correspondingly, Bian chickens of the GA and AA genotypes had larger egg number at 300 days than those of the GG genotype (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively). Bian chickens of the AA genotype had significantly higher body weight at 300 days than those of the GG genotype (P < 0.05). These results suggested that the myostatin gene may have certain effects on reproduction traits other than merely as a negative regulator of skeletal muscle development and growth in mammals previously reported.     

蟾毒灵可抑制人红白血病细胞增殖并下调肾母细胞瘤1基因表达

已有研究证实蟾毒灵具有抑制肿瘤细胞增殖及诱导细胞凋亡的作用,在白血病治疗中疗效显著,然而其机制尚未阐明。本研究试图探讨蟾毒灵对人红系白血病(HEL)细胞增殖,肾母细胞瘤基因1 (Wilms'tumor 1 gene, WT1)甲基化的影响及其可能的作用机制。本研究采用不同浓度的蟾毒灵处理HEL细胞,观察细胞形态、增殖情况和细胞周期,采用RT-PCR、Western blotting和免疫细胞化学法检测WT1的mRNA和蛋白表达水平,并用甲基化特异性分析WT1的DNA甲基化和DNA甲基转移酶3a (DNMT3a)的蛋白表达水平。研究结果表明,蟾毒灵对HEL细胞的增殖抑制作用呈剂量依赖性,抑制率为23.13%～84.62%。在蟾毒灵处理的HEL细胞中观察到典型的凋亡形态特征;细胞周期增殖指数由75.45降至49.67;WT1 mRNA及其蛋白表达水平随着蟾毒灵剂量的增加而逐渐降低,同时WT1基因的甲基化状态由未甲基化状态变为部分或完全甲基化状态。而蟾毒灵处理后DNMT3a蛋白的表达水平逐渐增加,呈剂量依赖性。我们的研究初步说明蟾毒灵不仅能显著抑制HEL细胞增殖,阻滞G0/G1期细胞周期,还能诱导细胞凋亡,下调WT1的表达水平。     

酸性区3融合重链促进基于蛋白质内含子的双载体B域缺失型凝血因子Ⅷ转基因表达

最近的研究表明,蛋白质内含子(intein)介导的B区缺失型凝血因子Ⅷ (BDD-FⅧ)的轻链和重链剪接可顺式促进后者的分泌,而且剪接反应在细胞内、外均可发生．为进一步提高基于蛋白质内含子的双载体转BDD-FⅧ基因的功效,将具有促进重链分泌作用的位于Pro¹⁶⁴⁰～Ser¹⁶⁹⁰的酸性区3(acidic region-3,AR-3)引入重链,检验对蛋白质内含子剪接的BDD-FⅧ蛋白分泌和活性的影响．用融合蛋白内含子的附加ar-3重链(HCAR3IntN)基因和轻链(IntCLC)基因共转染培养的HEK293细胞,分别用ELISA和Coatest法定量分析分泌至培养上清中剪接BDD-FⅧ蛋白量和生物活性,并用免疫印迹观察了细胞内的BDD-FⅧ剪接．结果显示,共转HCAR3IntN和IntCLC基因细胞,分泌至上清的剪接BDD-FⅧ蛋白量和活性分别为(173±26) μg/L和(1.31±0.15) U/ml,明显高于未添加ar-3的蛋白质内含子融合重链(HCIntN)与轻链(IntCLC)基因共转染细胞[(102±12) μg/L和(0.79±0.09) U/ml],提示AR-3对蛋白质内含子剪接的BDD-FⅧ蛋白分泌和活性有明显改善作用．而且,分别转HCAR3IntN和IntCLC基因细胞混合培养后的上清中,亦检测到剪接的BDD-FⅧ蛋白和活性[(35±7) μg/L和(0.28±0.08) U/ml],表明蛋白质内含子可进行不依赖细胞机制的蛋白质剪接．另外,转基因细胞总蛋白呈现明显的可与FⅧ多克隆抗体进行反应的剪接BDD-FⅧ蛋白条带,直观地反映细胞内BDD-FⅧ的剪接．为动物模体内运用蛋白质反式剪接技术的双腺相关病毒载体(AAV)转BDD-FⅧ基因实验提供了依据．     

非洲马瘟病毒群特异性RT-PCR检测方法的研究

非洲马瘟病毒(African horse sickness virus,AHSV)为双股RNA病毒,感染所有马科动物.设计2对位于AHSV基因组S7片段的引物,经RT-PCR扩增,证实2对引物对6种血清型的AHSV RNA均有特异性扩增,且能对同属的蓝舌病病毒(BTV)、鹿出血热病毒(EHDV)进行区别诊断.经序列测定及Blast,证实所扩增的条带确为AHSV S7相应位置核苷酸序列,表明已初步建立AHSV群特异性RT-PCR检测方法.     

Polymorphisms of the myostatin gene and its relationship with reproduction traits in the bian chicken

Myostatin, or growth and differentiation factor 8, is a member of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily; it functions as a negative regulator of skeletal muscle development and growth in mammals. In this study, single nucleotide polymorphisms in the 5' regulatory region and exon 1 of the myostatin gene were detected by PCR-SSCP in the Bian, Jinghai, Youxi, and Arbor Acre chickens, and the associations of the polymorphisms with reproduction traits were analyzed. Seven SNPs (A326G, C334G, C1346T, G1375A, A1473G, G1491A, and G2283A) were found in the myostatin gene. Association analysis showed that the G2283A were significantly associated with reproduction traits. Bian chickens of the GG genotype had a greater age at first egg than those of the GA and AA genotypes (P?相似文献   

A member of the Y-box protein family interacts with an upstream element in the α1(I) collagen gene

Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) stimulates protein complex formation on a TGF-β response element (TAE) found in the distal portion (−1624) of the collagen alpha 1(I) promoter. To identify the fibroblast proteins in this complex, an expression library constructed from human embryonic lung fibroblasts mRNA was screened using a tetramer of TAE. Y-box binding protein (YB-1), was identified as a protein in the TAE–protein complex. The protein expressed by phage clones formed a specific complex with labeled TAE but not mutated TAE (mTAE) similar to the complex formed with nuclear protein. Nuclear protein–TAE complexes isolated from native gels contained YB-1 by Western analysis. TGF-β treatment increased the amount of YB-1 protein in nuclear extracts, decreased its amount in cytoplasm, but did not alter the steady state levels of YB-1 mRNA. A full-length YB-1 protein expressed in human lung fibroblasts was primarily located in the nucleus with punctate staining in cytoplasmic regions. The expression of YB-1 decreased in the cytoplasm after 2 h of TGF-β treatment. Therefore, the increased binding activity seen in TGF-β-stimulated nuclear extracts was due primarily to relocalization of YB-1 from the cytoplasm to the nuclear compartment. Co-transfection of YB-1 cDNA with a collagen promoter–reporter construct caused a dose-dependent activation of collagen promoter activity in rat fibroblasts whereas the promoter with a mutation in the TAE element was not sensitive to YB-1 co-expression. In conclusion, we have identified YB-1 as a protein that interacts with a TGF-β response element in the distal region of the collagen alpha 1(I) gene. YB-1 protein activates the collagen promoter and translocates into the nucleus during TGF-β addition to fibroblasts, suggesting a role for this protein in TGF-β signaling.     

A stem cell-based tool for small molecule screening in adipogenesis

Techniques for small molecule screening are widely used in biological mechanism study and drug discovery. Here, we reported a novel adipocyte differentiation assay for small molecule selection, based on human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) transduced with fluorescence reporter gene driven by adipogenic specific promoter--adipocyte Protein 2 (aP2; also namely Fatty Acid Binding Protein 4, FABP4). During normal adipogenic induction as well as adipogenic inhibition by Ly294002, we confirmed that the intensity of green fluorescence protein corresponded well to the expression level of aP2 gene. Furthermore, this variation of green fluorescence protein intensity can be read simply through fluorescence spectrophotometer. By testing another two small molecules in adipogenesis--Troglitazone and CHIR99021, we proved that this is a simple and sensitive method, which could be applied in adipocyte biology, drug discovery and toxicological study in the future.