MacELISA、RPHI和IFAT用于流行性出血热早期诊断的比较

比较了IgM捕获ELISA(MacELISA)、反向间接血凝抑制试验(RPHI)和间接免疫荧光抗体试验(IFAT)检测流行性出血热(EHF)病人血清特异性抗体的结果。MacELISA对急性期血清IgM抗体的阳性检出率与RPHI对总抗体的阳性检出率相近,两法都具有较高的敏感性。而IFAT检测IgG抗体的阳性率则较低。总抗体滴度(RPHI)与IgG抗体滴度(IFAT)相关(r=0.542,P<0.01),而与IgM抗体滴度(MacELISA)无明显相关(r<0.1)。但进一步研究发现,3日内血清IgM抗体滴度与总抗体滴度(RPHI)存在相关关系(r=0.701,P<0.01),表明IgM抗体可能也与发病初期RPHI的较高的阳性检出率有关。本工作表明,MacELISA作为一种早期诊断方法具有高度的特异性和敏感性,而RPHI操作简便、快速、敏感性高,但存在一定的非特异性。研究还发现,流行区临床诊断为EHF的病人,IFAT(IgG)和RPHI检测均阳性,而MacELISA(IgM)阴性,提示用RPHI进行血清学诊断时,检查双份血清是必要的。     

羊蹄甲属植物种子的裂解色谱鉴定法研究

本文探索了裂解气相色谱法作为植物种子分类表征方法的可能性。对豆科植物中不同属、不同亚属及相同亚属的共10种种子的裂解色谱图,用分区编码法进行区别,分析结果表明,不同种子最少有一个编码不同,方法简易快速,可为高等植物种子的区分提供一种佐证手段。     

花馔及其氨基酸营养

应用日立835 50型高效氨基酸自动分析仪,对十五种常见食用花卉干样进行了水解蛋白氢基酸成分测定,结果发现:①花馔中酸水解蛋白氨的基酸种类齐全,总氨基酸含量较高,占食用干物质的6.00—29.45％。②花馔中人体必需氨基酸含量丰富,占总氨基酸含量的29.50—42.60％。尤以亮氨酸、苯丙氨酸、赖氨酸和苏氨酸含量为高。③花馔中甜、鲜类氨基酸含量也较高,分别占总氨基酸的25.94—39.89％,23.35—33.38％,花馔是兼有营养、颜色、美味的天然食物,值得人类利用。     

Research Progress on Anti-Inflammatory Mechanisms of Black Ginseng

In recent years, black ginseng, a new type of processed ginseng product, has attracted the attention of scholars globally. Ginsenoside and ginseng polysaccharide, the main active substances of black ginseng, have been shown to carry curative effects for many diseases. This article focuses on the mechanism of their action in anti-inflammatory response, which is mainly divided into three aspects: activation of immune cells to exert immune regulatory response; participation in inflammatory response-related pathways and regulation of the expression level of inflammatory factors; effect on the metabolic activity of intestinal flora. This study identifies active anti-inflammatory components and an action mechanism of black ginseng showing multi-component, multi-target, and multi-channel characteristics, providing ideas and a basis for a follow-up in-depth study of its specific mechanism.     

高原人体左心室舒张功能和顺应性的改变

应用同步描记心电图、心音图、颈动脉搏动图和心尖搏动图以测定高原人体的左心室舒张功能和顺应性。在4个不同海拔高度进行实验,即76m(海平对照)、2161m、3270m和4179m,每一高度40名健康男性青年,高原3组世居、移居各20名。结果显示:随着海拔增高,主动舒张时间指数(TRTI)有减小趋势,RF波相对振幅(F/H)逐渐降低,A波相对振幅(A/D)则渐趋增大,3270m以上增大明显(p<0.05),舒张振幅时间指数(DATI)逐渐降低,3270m以上差异极显著(p<0.001)。高原世居与移居者相比,在海拔4179m出现明显差别,移居组TRTI、DATI、F/H较低而A/D较高(D<0.05)。测定射血前期与左室射血时间比值(PEP/LVET)、射血分数(EF)及左室周径纤维平均缩短速度(mVcf)3项指标作对照,显示在此高度左室收缩功能仍能保持。高原慢性心肌缺氧可能是导致左室舒张功能和顺应性轻度降低的原因。     

Hollow CuS Nanoboxes as Li‐Free Cathode for High‐Rate and Long‐Life Lithium Metal Batteries

Transition metal sulfides hold promising potentials as Li‐free conversion‐type cathode materials for high energy density lithium metal batteries. However, the practical deployment of these materials is hampered by their poor rate capability and short cycling life. In this work, the authors take the advantage of hollow structure of CuS nanoboxes to accommodate the volume expansion and facilitate the ion diffusion during discharge–charge processes. As a result, the hollow CuS nanoboxes achieve excellent rate performance (≈371 mAh g^?1 at 20 C) and ultra‐long cycle life (>1000 cycles). The structure and valence evolution of the CuS nanobox cathode are identified by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Furthermore, the lithium storage mechanism is revealed by galvanostatic intermittent titration technique and operando Raman spectroscopy for the initial charge–discharge process and the following reversible processes. These results suggest that the hollow CuS nanobox material is a promising candidate as a low‐cost Li‐free cathode material for high‐rate and long‐life lithium metal batteries.