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1. The mechanism of xylitol-dependent inhibition of glycolysis in Streptococcus sobrinus OMZ 176 was investigated in aerobically and anaerobically grown cells. 2. Glucose-stimulated glycolysis was followed polarographically, by radio-HPLC-analyses of glycolytic intermediates, by measurement of ATP generated, and spectrophotometric monitoring of extent of NAD(P)+/NADPH-status. 3. Xylitol added to suspensions of S. sobrinus inhibited O2 uptake by approximately 20%, and led to a corresponding decrease in rate of lactate formation in aerobic and anaerobic cells. 4. Xylitol also delayed the onset of the glucose-dependent rapid reduction of NAD(P)+ by approximately 1 min, although the total extent of reduction was not significantly affected compared to control cells. 5. The inhibitory effect of xylitol on glucose dependent ATP synthesis, however, was decreased by 70-80%. 6. Hence the dramatic decrease in glucose-dependent synthesis of ATP may be the direct cause of decreased bacterial growth in the presence of xylitol. 7. A mechanism explaining the observed phenomena is proposed. 相似文献
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Silje Forbord Jorunn Skjermo Johanne Arff Aleksander Hand? Kjell Inge Reitan Rasmus Bjerregaard Klaus Lüning 《Journal of applied phycology》2012,24(3):393-399
Saccharina latissima is attractive for industrial cultivation for different usages, such as biofuels, feed supplements, and derivation of chemicals. A continuous supply of kelp sporelings throughout the year may ensure a year-round production of kelp juveniles on ropes. In this study, induction of sporangial areas (sorus portions) on the blade of S. latissima was performed throughout the year at three locations: Trondheim (Norway), Grenaa (Denmark), and Sylt island (Germany). The results indicate that a year-round sorus induction in S. latissima is possible and that this induction is controlled by applying short-day treatment of adult sporophytes throughout the year and by the removal of the basal blade meristem. The artificially induced and released zoospores formed viable sporelings at all seasons, but cultivation in the sea in Norway was successful only during autumn, winter, and spring, while the growth conditions were poor during the summer. The results are important for industrial scale-up and continuous production of kelp biomass. 相似文献
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Xinxin Wang Ole Jacob Broch Silje Forbord Aleksander Handå Jorunn Skjermo Kjell Inge Reitan Olav Vadstein Yngvar Olsen 《Journal of applied phycology》2014,26(4):1869-1878
This paper investigated the assimilation of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) in Saccharina latissima in proximity to salmon cages in coastal waters. The bioassays were performed on plants from three stations located in the vicinity of a salmon farm (Salmo salar) in exposed waters at Tristein (63° 52′ N, 9° 37′ E) in Central Norway. The growth, the C and N content, and the nitrogen isotope ratios (δ15N) of S. latissima were monitored over 1 year. The DIN concentrations in seawater were higher at the salmon farm stations than at the reference station during the winter, and the N/P ratio at the salmon farm stations was higher from September to January and in June. S. latissima at the salmon farm stations grew faster than at the reference station. The length of S. latissima increased by 50 % when integrated with the salmon farm compared to the reference station. The N content of S. latissima was positively correlated to the DIN concentration in seawater (p?<?0.05), but the increased N supply from salmon did not result in N accumulation in S. latissima at the salmon farm station because of the dilution by a higher growth rate. The δ15N in S. latissima was higher at the salmon farm station from April to June and changed in the direction of the δ15N signature in urine. This indicated that N in S. latissima at the salmon farm station partly originated from the salmon. One hectare of S. latissima may absorb 0.8~1.2 t N during one growth season. Large-scale cultivation of S. latissima should be considered to mitigate the environmental effects of DIN wastes from salmon farms. 相似文献
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Matsson Sanna Metaxas Anna Forbord Silje Kristiansen Svein Handå Aleksander Bluhm Bodil A. 《Journal of applied phycology》2021,33(4):2415-2431
Journal of Applied Phycology - To reach the goal of large-scale seaweed cultivation in Norway and the rest of Europe, new knowledge about the commercially important kelp species Saccharina... 相似文献
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