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1.
Zahoor Ahmad Ejaz Ahmad Waraich Muhammad Zia ur Rehman Muhammad Ashar Ayub Muhammad Usman Hesham Alharby Atif Bamagoos Celaleddin Barutçular Muhammad Ali Raza Fatih Çiğ Ayman El Sabagh 《Phyton》2021,90(2):503-514
Water is essential for the growth period of crops; however, water unavailability badly affects the growth and physiological attributes of crops, which considerably reduced the yield and yield components in crops. Therefore, a pot
experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of foliar phosphorus (P) on morphological, gas exchange, biochemical traits, and phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) of maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids grown under normal as well as water
deficit situations at the Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan in 2014. Two different
treatments (control and P @ 8 kg ha−1
) and four hybrids (Hycorn, 31P41, 65625, and 32B33) of maize were tested by
using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Results showed that the water stress caused
a remarkable decline in total soluble protein (9.7%), photosynthetic rate (9.4%) and transpiration rate (13.4%), stomatal
conductance (10.2%), and internal CO2 rate (20.4%) comparative to well-watered control. An increase of 37.1%, 36.8%,
and 24.5% were recorded for proline, total soluble sugar, and total free amino acid, respectively. However, foliar P
application minimized the negative impact of drought by improving plant growth, physio-biochemical attributes,
and PUE in maize plants under water stress conditions. Among the hybrids tested, the hybrid 6525 performed better
both under stress and non-stress conditions. These outcomes confirmed that the exogenous application of P improved
drought stress tolerance by modulating growth, physio-biochemical attributes, and PUE of maize hybrids. 相似文献
2.
Bengi Semerci Sarper Taskıran Evren Tufan Işın Şanlı 《Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders》2016,8(3):139-147
This study aimed to elicit patient- and treatment-related factors that can potentially predict treatment adherence in adult ADHD. Subjects who were over 18 and received a diagnosis of ADHD were included in the study. Chart review data of 102 subjects regarding demographics, medications, comorbidities, concomitant medications and domains of functional impairment were collected, and predictors were assessed using a binominal logistical regression model. One hundred and two patients (78.4 % male) with a mean age of 28.8 (SD = 9.8, range = 18–55) years were enrolled in the study. Childhood diagnosis of ADHD, agents used for treatment (MPH or atomoxetine), individual domains of dysfunction and use of additional psychotropic drugs were not found to be related to treatment adherence. Patients with a university education and those referred for family history of ADHD were more likely to adhere to treatment (p = 0.05 and 0.03, respectively). On the other hand, reasons for referral other than ADHD were significantly more frequently related to non-adherence (p = 0.02). Treatment noncompliance remains a significant problem despite therapeutic effects of medications. Identification of predictors of non-adherence can lead to heightened awareness of special populations at risk. We have found that prior awareness on ADHD (via past history/media/friends) leading to self/clinician referral to rule out ADHD and pervasiveness of symptoms across functional domains led to better compliance in our sample. Future research with prospective design utilizing objective tools for adherence is required. 相似文献
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4.
Ilkay Orhan Berrin Özçelik Sinem Aslan Murat Kartal Taner Karaoglu Bilge Şener Salih Terzioglu M. Iqbal Choudhary 《Phytochemistry Reviews》2007,6(1):189-196
Purpose of the present study was to evaluate antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral activities of the petroleum
ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts as well as the alkaloid fraction of Lycopodium clavatum L. (LC) from Lycopodiaceae growing in Turkey. Antioxidant activity of the LC extracts was evaluated by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl
(DPPH) radical-scavenging method at 0.2 mg/ml using microplate-reader assay. Antiviral assessment of LC extracts was evaluated
towards the DNA virus Herpes simplex (HSV) and the RNA virus Parainfluenza (PI-3) using Madin-Darby Bovine Kidney (MDBK) and Vero cell lines. Antibacterial and antifungal activities of the extracts
were tested against standard and isolated strains of the following bacteria; Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, Acinobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis as well as the fungi; Candida albicans and C. parapsilosis. All of the extracts possessed noteworthy activity against ATCC strain of S. aureus (4 μg/ml), while the LC extracts showed reasonable antifungal effect. On the other hand, we found that only the chloroform
extract was active against HSV (16–8 μg/ml), while petroleum ether and alkaloid extracts inhibited potently PI-3 (16–4 μg/ml
and 32–4 μg/ml, respectively). However, all of the extracts had insignificant antiradical effect on DPPH. In addition, we
also analyzed the content of the alkaloid fraction of the plant by capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)
and identified lycopodine as the major alkaloid. 相似文献
5.
Esra Şeker 《Mycopathologia》2010,169(4):303-308
In this study, identification of 207 Candida isolates, previously isolated from mastitic bovine quarter milk samples at the level of genus, was made using API 20 C AUX
system. The most frequently isolated species were Candida krusei (34.8%), followed by Candida rugosa (16.4%), Candida kefyr (12.6%), Candida albicans (10.1%), and Candida tropicalis (9.2%). Less common isolates were Candida zeylanoides (5.8%), Candida parapsilosis (4.3%), Candida guilliermondii (3.4%), Candida famata (1.9%), and Candida glabrata (1.5%). Additionally, in vitro hemolytic activity of all Candida strains were also examined in the present study. C. krusei (72 isolates), C. kefyr (26), C. albicans (21), C. tropicalis (19), C. zeylanoides (12), and C. glabrata (3) demonstrated both alpha and beta hemolysis at 48-h postinoculation. Only alpha hemolysis was detected in C. rugosa (34), C. guilliermondii (7), and C. famata (4), while C. parapsilosis (9) did not show any hemolytic activity after incubation for 72 h. Statistically significant difference (P < 0.001) was determined between the beta-hemolytic activities of Candida strains. The hemolytic activities of C. zeylanoides, C. albicans and C. kefyr were higher than other strains. This is the first study to describe variable hemolysis types exhibited by different Candida strains isolated from bovine mastitic milk in Turkey. 相似文献
6.
Psoriasis is a chronic, autoimmune skin disease affecting approximately 2% of the world's population. Clobetasol propionate
which is a superpotent topical corticosteroid is widely used for topical treatment of psoriasis. Conventional dosage forms
like creams and ointments are commonly prefered for the therapy. The purpose of this study was to develop a new topical delivery
system in order to provide the prolonged release of clobetasol propionate and to reduce systemic absorption and side effects
of the drug. Clobetasol propionate loaded-poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres were prepared by oil-in-water
emulsion–solvent evaporation technique. Particle size analysis, morphological characterization, DSC and XRD analyses and in vitro drug release studies were performed on the microparticle formulations. Emulgel formulations were prepared as an alternative
for topical delivery of clobetasol propionate. In vitro drug release studies were carried out from the emulgel formulations containing pure drug and drug-loaded microspheres. In
addition, the same studies were performed to determine the drug release from the commercial cream product of clobetasol propionate.
The release of clobetasol propionate from the emulgel formulations was significantly higher than the commercial product. In
addition, the encapsulation of clobetasol propionate in the PLGA microspheres significantly delayed the drug release from
the emulgel formulation. As a result, the decrease in the side effects of clobetasol propionate by the formulation containing
PLGA microspheres is expected. 相似文献
7.
Mehmet Erşahin Hale Z. Toklu Şule Çetinel Meral Yüksel Can Erzik M. Zafer Berkman Berrak Ç. Yeğen Göksel Şener 《Neurochemical research》2010,35(3):418-428
The neuroprotective effect of alpha lipoic acid (ALA; 100 mg/kg, po), a dithiol antioxidant, on experimentally induced subarachnoid
hemorrhage (SAH) was assessed in Wistar albino rats. Neurological examination scores recorded at the 48th h of SAH induction
were increased in SAH groups, which were accompanied with significant increases in the formation of reactive oxygen species,
DNA fragmentation ratios, malondialdehyde levels and myeloperoxidase activity, while significant decreases in the brain glutathione
content and Na+, K+-ATPase activity were observed. On the other hand, ALA treatment reversed all these biochemical indices as well as SAH-induced
histopathological alterations. Increased brain edema, impaired blood-brain-barrier permeability and neurological scores were
also improved by ALA treatment. The results demonstrate that ALA exerts neuroprotective effects via the enhancement of endogenous
antioxidant enzyme activity, the inhibition of neutrophil accumulation and free radical generation, suggesting a therapeutic
potential in reducing secondary injury after SAH in patients. 相似文献
8.
Bülbül Hizel S Sanli C Bayar Muluk N Albayrak M Ozyazici A Apan A 《Biological trace element research》2008,124(2):129-134
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of topotecan, a topoisomerase I-inhibiting anticancer agent, on hematologic
parameters and serum levels of trace elements. The study was conducted on three groups consisting of 16 and 18 rabbits in
the study groups and 15 rabbits in the control group. Rabbits in group I (n = 16) received high-dose topotecan intravenously (i.v.; 0.5 mg/kg once daily), while rabbits in group II (n = 18) received low-dose topotecan i.v. (0.25 mg/kg once daily) for 3 days. The 15 rabbits comprising the control group did
not receive topotecan. Serum samples were collected from each rabbit on the first day, before the treatment, and on the 15th
day of treatment. Erithrocytes, hemoglobin, white blood cell count, thrombocyte count, and trace elements such as selenium,
copper, lead, zinc, and cobalt were analyzed. Hemoglobin levels and erythrocyte counts were lower in both study groups than
in the control group. However, thrombocyte and leukocyte counts were similar in all three groups (p > 0.005). Serum trace element levels (copper, lead, zinc, and cobalt) did not differ significantly between groups. However,
serum selenium levels were significantly lower in both study groups than the control group (p < 0.001). The results revealed that topotecan treatment causes a decrease in erythrocyte counts and hemoglobin levels due
to bone marrow suppression, and these effects must be taken into account during treatment. In addition, selenium supplementation
might be helpful in cancer patients receiving topotecan to increase the effect of the chemotherapeutic agent. 相似文献
9.
A huge amount of residue is released every year in agricultural and food industries. If this waste is valorised properly, it would be very beneficial from both economic and environmental aspects. Recently, seeds of oil crops have been getting great interest due to their waste rich in a great variety of lipophilic and hydrophilic phytochemicals. On the other hand, oilseed processing by-products comprise approximately 35 millions of tons seed for oil in European Union. Therefore, this remarkable amount of residue should be considered as a resource from waste to health. The purpose of the present research is to introduce the types of oilseed by-product and their high added value phytochemicals by summarizing the recent studies on the valorization of different wastes of several oilseed crops. This research also supplies an overview of the oilseed sources with their botanical names, production regions and target phytochemical ingredients. Moreover, further remarks with some certain concerns are discussed. 相似文献
10.
The risk of exhaustion of natural resources and raw materials have given rise to emerging trends such as recycling of food waste. From the economical and ecological points of view, conversion of biowaste to high added value compounds has been getting great attention among the science and commercial entities. Due to their high-added value phytochemicals, agricultural and food residues have been a great significant to the researchers around the world. This study focuses on the valorisation of cake derived from sesame oil processing. If the very valuable non-nutrient phytochemicals in sesame cake are not evaluated properly, they would be consumed as just animal feed or fertilizers. They might be employed as antiaging (in pharmaceutical products), or free radical scavenger (in dietary supplements), or preservative additive against lipid oxidation (in fat containing food products). This review article aims to present pharmacological and therapeutic effects of sesame cake extract by pointing out its application in pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food industries. 相似文献