Polymorphism of the chloroplast gene <Emphasis Type="Italic">rps2</Emphasis> in parasitic plant <Emphasis Type="Italic">Monotropa hypopitys</Emphasis> L. from the European Russian populations

The complete nucleotide sequence of the chloroplast rps2 gene is determined and the polymorphism of this gene in 26 Monotropa hypopitys accessions from the populations of the European part of Russia is analyzed. The studied accessions can be divided into two groups on the basis of the rps2 gene length. In the first group, the rps2 gene sequence length is 711 bp, and in the second group, it is 753 bp. Also, the groups differ from each other by 42 SNPs, which lead to 11 radical and 15 conservative amino acid substitutions in the amino acid sequence of the protein. They also differ in the position of regulatory elements in the 5'-untranslated region of the gene.     

Analysis of the sequences of internal transcribed spacers ITS1, ITS2 and the 5.8S ribosomal gene of species of the Amaranthus genus

Analysis of the sequence ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 in 11 samples of the amaranth species (Amaranthus caudatus, A. cruentus, A. hybridus, A. tricolor, A. paniculatus, A. hypohondriacus) was performed. It has been shown that the variability of the sequences of the intergenic spacers ITS1, ITS2 and 5.8S rRNA gene of the amaranth species analyzed is extremely low. A possible secondary structure of the 5.8S rRNA molecule was determined for the first time; three conservative motifs were identified. A single nucleotide substitution found in A. hybridus did not change the loop topology. In the sample of Celosia cristata taken as an external group, a four-nucleotide insertion in the 5′-end of the gene and a one-nucleotide deletion in the fourth hairpin not affecting the general topology of the 5.8S rRNA molecule were found.     

Polymorphism of sequences and the secondary structure of b/c intron of mitochondrial gene <Emphasis Type="Italic">nad1</Emphasis> in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Monotropa hypopitys</Emphasis> and related ericaceae species

Nucleotide sequences of b/c intron of the mitochondrial gene nad1 were determined for the first time and analyzed in 24 plants of Monotropa hypopitys and in three related Ericaceae species. Two mitotypes of b/c intron of the nad1 gene, differing in sequence lengths and the presence of a number of single nucleotide substitutions and indels, were revealed in M. hypopitys. For the first time, a possible pre-mRNA secondary structure of M. hypopitys b/c intron was determined and IBS/EBS binding sites and the borders of six functional domains were identified.     

FAS,YABBY2, and YABBY5 Gene Expression Profile Correlates with Different Fruit Locule Number in Tomato

Russian Journal of Genetics - Analysis of 30 tomato cultivars with different fruit locule numbers revealed four cultivars with multi-locular fruits carrying a null mutation in the SlFAS gene. It...     

Polymorphism and the secondary structure of the mitochondrial <Emphasis Type="Italic">nad1</Emphasis> gene b/c intron in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Malus</Emphasis> species and related Rosaceae species

Nucleotide sequences polymorphism of mitochondrial nad1 gene b/c intron was studied in 41 Malus accessions and 21 related Rosaceae accessions. The b/c intron sequence in genus Malus appeared to be very conservative, while in other studied Rosaceae species 126 variable sites and indels were detected in the intron sequence that varied in length from 1124 to 1456 bp. The predicted b/c intron pre-mRNA secondary structure for Malus species was determined; IBS/EBS binding sites and the boundaries of the six functional domains were identified.     

Identification and Expression Analysis of the <Emphasis Type="Italic">YABBY1</Emphasis> Gene in Wild Tomato Species

The YABBY1 genes were identified in one cultivated and ten wild tomato species of the Lycopersicon section of the Solanum genus. The structural analysis of genes and encoded proteins was carried out, and the YABBY1 interspecies functional conservation in tomato was proposed. It was shown that the YABBY1 gene sequence can be used for phylogenetic dividing of tomatoes into self- and cross-pollinated species, as well as green- and red-fruited species. The significant YABBY1 expression level was detected in S. peruvianum fruits, indicating the possibility of abaxial properties preservation in the fruit skin. The obtained data confirmed the conservation of the YABBY1-mediated organ polarity control during the process of the evolutionary diversification and domestication of tomato species.     

Analysis of the ITS1/ITS2 nuclear spacers and the secondary structure of <Emphasis Type="Italic">5.8S</Emphasis> rRNA gene in endemic species <Emphasis Type="Italic">Bellevalia sarmatica</Emphasis> (Pall. ex Georgi) Woronow and related species of the subfamily scilloideae

Sequence variability of the ITS spacers and 5.8S rRNA gene was examined in 11 accessions of the subfamily Scilloideae, including seven accessions of rare and endangered species Bellevalia sarmatica from Volgograd region. The intraspecific polymorphism level of the examined ITS1–5.8S–ITS2 sequence of B. sarmatica accessions constituted 1.3%. The phylogenetic position of B. sarmatica within the genus Bellevalia was determined. It was demonstrated that B. sarmatica belonged to the section Nutantes, and the most closely related species were B. webbiana and B. dubia. Nucleotide substitutions in the 5.8S rRNA gene sequence of the analyzed Scilloideae accessions were identified and studied. The predicted secondary structure of 5.8S rRNA gene was constructed. It was demonstrated that in the examined accessions, mutations in the 5.8S rRNA gene were mainly localized in the third hairpin region and had no effect on the secondary structure of the 5.8S rRNA molecule.