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1.
2.
Differential response of cycling and noncycling cells to inducers of DNA synthesis and mitosis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
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The objective of this study was to determine whether cells in G(0) phase are functionally distinct from those in G(1) with regard to their ability to respond to the inducers of DNA synthesis and to retard the cell cycle traverse of the G(2) component after fusion. Synchronized populations of HeLa cells in G(1) and human diploid fibroblasts in G(1) and G(0) phases were separately fused using UV-inactivated Sendai virus with HeLa cells prelabeled with [(3)H]ThdR and synchronized in S or G(2) phases. The kinetics of initiation of DNA synthesis in the nuclei of G(0) and G(1) cells residing in G(0)/S and G(1)/S dikaryons, respectively, were studied as a function of time after fusion. In the G(0)/G(2) and G(1)/G(2) fusions, the rate of entry into mitosis of the heterophasic binucleate cells was monitored in the presence of Colcemid. The effects of protein synthesis inhibition in the G(1) cells, and the UV irradiation of G(0) cells before fusion, on the rate of entry of the G(2) component into mitosis were also studied. The results of this study indicate that DNA synthesis can be induced in G(0)nuclei after fusion between G(0)- and S-phase cells, but G(0) nuclei are much slower than G(1) nuclei in responding to the inducers of DNA synthesis because the chromatin of G(0) cells is more condensed than it is in G(1) cells. A more interesting observation resulting from this study is that G(0) cells is more condensed than it is in G(1) cells. A more interesting observation resulting from this study is that G(0) cells differ from G(1) cells with regard to their effects on the cell cycle progression of the G(2) nucleus into mitosis. This difference between G(0) and G(1) cells appears to depend on certain factors, probably nonhistone proteins, present in G(1) cells but absent in G(0) cells. These factors can be induced in G(0) cells by UV irradiation and inhibited in G(1) cells by cycloheximide treatment. 相似文献
3.
David I.C. Scopes Ewe Zarnack Nelson J. Leonard Ruth Y. Scmith Folke Skoog 《Phytochemistry》1976,15(10):1523-1526
We have tested the possible genesis of kinetin from a 2′-deoxyadenylate unit of DNA by a chemical route involving a head-to-tail transfer of deoxyribose from the 9 to the 3 position of the adenine nucleus via a cyclonucleoside, with subsequent elimination of 1′- and 3′-polar groups and 3 → N6 intramolecular rearrangement leading to kinetin. We have also determined quantitatively the per cent conversions to 3-furfuryladenine and/or kinetin of the following under autoclaving conditions at 120°, pH 4, 2 atm, and 4 hr: (1) adenine/furfury alcohol; (2) adenine/2-deoxy-d-ribose; (3) 2′-deoxyadenosine; (4) 3-furfuryladenine; (5) 3,5′-(3′-O-diethylphosphoryl-2′-deoxya-denosine)-cyclonucleoside p-toluenesulfonate. The sequence of reactions involving cyclonucleoside formation and rearrangement has been shown to be a chemically feasible route by which kinetin can be formed, although it is not the only way this cytokinin can be generated. 相似文献
4.
Danilo ML Prado Fabiana B Benatti Ana L de Sá-Pinto Ana P Hayashi Bruno Gualano Rosa MR Pereira Adriana ME Sallum Eloisa Bonfá Clovis A Silva Hamilton Roschel 《Arthritis research & therapy》2013,15(2):R46
Introduction
Exercise training has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy to counteract physical dysfunction in adult systemic lupus erythematosus. However, no longitudinal studies have evaluated the effects of an exercise training program in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (C-SLE) patients. The objective was to evaluate the safety and the efficacy of a supervised aerobic training program in improving the cardiorespiratory capacity in C-SLE patients.Methods
Nineteen physically inactive C-SLE patients were randomly assigned into two groups: trained (TR, n = 10, supervised moderate-intensity aerobic exercise program) and non-trained (NT, n = 9). Gender-, body mass index (BMI)- and age-matched healthy children were recruited as controls (C, n = 10) for baseline (PRE) measurements only. C-SLE patients were assessed at PRE and after 12 weeks of training (POST). Main measurements included exercise tolerance and cardiorespiratory measurements in response to a maximal exercise (that is, peak VO2, chronotropic reserve (CR), and the heart rate recovery (ΔHRR) (that is, the difference between HR at peak exercise and at both the first (ΔHRR1) and second (ΔHRR2) minutes of recovery after exercise).Results
The C-SLE NT patients did not present changes in any of the cardiorespiratory parameters at POST (P > 0.05). In contrast, the exercise training program was effective in promoting significant increases in time-to-exhaustion (P = 0.01; ES = 1.07), peak speed (P = 0.01; ES = 1.08), peak VO2 (P = 0.04; ES = 0.86), CR (P = 0.06; ES = 0.83), and in ΔHRR1 and ΔHRR2 (P = 0.003; ES = 1.29 and P = 0.0008; ES = 1.36, respectively) in the C-SLE TR when compared with the NT group. Moreover, cardiorespiratory parameters were comparable between C-SLE TR patients and C subjects after the exercise training intervention, as evidenced by the ANOVA analysis (P > 0.05, TR vs. C). SLEDAI-2K scores remained stable throughout the study.Conclusion
A 3-month aerobic exercise training was safe and capable of ameliorating the cardiorespiratory capacity and the autonomic function in C-SLE patients.Trial registration
NCT01515163. 相似文献5.
The ability of two strains of Lactobacillus acidophilus, CRL 640 and CRL 800, to survive and retain their biological activities under frozen storage was determined. Freezing and thawing, as well as frozen storage, damaged the cell membrane, rendering the microorganisms sensitive to sodium chloride and bile salts. Both lactic acid production and proteolytic activity were depressed after 21 days at -20 degreesC, whereas beta-galactosidase activity per cell unit was increased. Cell injury was partially overcome after repair in a salt-rich medium. Copyright 1998 Academic Press. 相似文献
6.
The purpose of this study was to determine the seasonal water use patterns of dominant macrophytes coexisting in the coastal
Everglades ecotone. We measured the stable isotope signatures in plant xylem water of Rhizophora mangle, Cladium jamaicense, and Sesuvium portulacastrum during the dry (DS) and wet (WS) seasons in the estuarine ecotone along Taylor River in Everglades National Park, FL, USA.
Shallow soilwater and deeper groundwater salinity was also measured to extrapolate the salinity encountered by plants at their
rooting zone. Average soil water oxygen isotope ratios (δ
18O) was enriched (4.8 ± 0.2‰) in the DS relative to the WS (0.0 ± 0.1‰), but groundwater δ
18O remained constant between seasons (DS: 2.2 ± 0.4‰; WS: 2.1 ± 0.1‰). There was an inversion in interstitial salinity patterns
across the soil profile between seasons. In the DS, shallow water was euhaline [i.e., 43 practical salinity units (PSU)] while
groundwater was less saline (18 PSU). In the WS, however, shallow water was fresh (i.e., 0 PSU) but groundwater remained brackish
(14 PSU). All plants utilized 100% (shallow) freshwater during the WS, but in the DS R. mangle switched to a soil–groundwater mix (δ 55% groundwater) while C. jamaicense and S. portulacastrum continued to use euhaline shallow water. In the DS, based on δ
18O data, the roots of R. mangle roots were exposed to salinities of 25.4 ± 1.4 PSU, less saline than either C. jamaicense (39.1 ± 2.2 PSU) or S. portulacastrum (38.6 ± 2.5 PSU). Although the salinity tolerance of C. jamaicense is not known, it is unlikely that long-term exposure to high salinity is conducive to the persistence of this freshwater
marsh sedge. This study increases our ecological understanding of how water uptake patterns of individual plants can contribute
to ecosystem levels changes, not only in the southeast saline Everglades, but also in estuaries in general in response to
global sea level rise and human-induced changes in freshwater flows. 相似文献
7.
Leonel da Silveira Lobo Sternberg Su Yean Teh Sharon M. L. Ewe Fernando Miralles-Wilhelm Donald L. DeAngelis 《Ecosystems》2007,10(4):648-660
A
bstract
The boundaries between mangroves and freshwater hammocks in coastal ecotones of South Florida are sharp. Further, previous
studies indicate that there is a discontinuity in plant predawn water potentials, with woody plants either showing predawn
water potentials reflecting exposure to saline water or exposure to freshwater. This abrupt concurrent change in community
type and plant water status suggests that there might be feedback dynamics between vegetation and salinity. A model examining
the salinity of the aerated zone of soil overlying a saline body of water, known as the vadose layer, as a function of precipitation,
evaporation and plant water uptake is presented here. The model predicts that mixtures of saline and freshwater vegetative
species represent unstable states. Depending on the initial vegetation composition, subsequent vegetative change will lead
either to patches of mangrove coverage having a high salinity vadose zone or to freshwater hammock coverage having a low salinity
vadose zone. Complete or nearly complete coverage by either freshwater or saltwater vegetation represents two stable steady-state
points. This model can explain many of the previous observations of vegetation patterns in coastal South Florida as well as
observations on the dynamics of vegetation shifts caused by sea level rise and climate change. 相似文献
8.
Sharon M. L. Ewe Evelyn E. Gaiser Daniel L. Childers David Iwaniec Victor H. Rivera-Monroy Robert R. Twilley 《Hydrobiologia》2006,569(1):459-474
We present here a 4-year dataset (2001–2004) on the spatial and temporal patterns of aboveground net primary production (ANPP)
by dominant primary producers (sawgrass, periphyton, mangroves, and seagrasses) along two transects in the oligotrophic Florida
Everglades coastal landscape. The 17 sites of the Florida Coastal Everglades Long Term Ecological Research (FCE LTER) program
are located along fresh-estuarine gradients in Shark River Slough (SRS) and Taylor River/C-111/Florida Bay (TS/Ph) basins
that drain the western and southern Everglades, respectively. Within the SRS basin, sawgrass and periphyton ANPP did not differ
significantly among sites but mangrove ANPP was highest at the site nearest the Gulf of Mexico. In the southern Everglades
transect, there was a productivity peak in sawgrass and periphyton at the upper estuarine ecotone within Taylor River but
no trends were observed in the C-111 Basin for either primary producer. Over the 4 years, average sawgrass ANPP in both basins
ranged from 255 to 606 g m−2 year−1. Average periphyton productivity at SRS and TS/Ph was 17–68 g C m−2 year−1 and 342–10371 g C m−2 year−1, respectively. Mangrove productivity ranged from 340 g m−2 year−1 at Taylor River to 2208 g m−2 year−1 at the lower estuarine Shark River site. Average Thalassia testudinum productivity ranged from 91 to 396 g m−2 year−1 and was 4-fold greater at the site nearest the Gulf of Mexico than in eastern Florida Bay. There were no differences in periphyton
productivity at Florida Bay. Interannual comparisons revealed no significant differences within each primary producer at either
SRS or TS/Ph with the exception of sawgrass at SRS and the C−111 Basin. Future research will address difficulties in assessing
and comparing ANPP of different primary producers along gradients as well as the significance of belowground production to
the total productivity of this ecosystem. 相似文献
9.
Ewe JA Wan-Abdullah WN Alias AK Liong MT 《Journal of microbiology and biotechnology》2012,22(7):947-959
This study was aimed at an evaluation of the potential inheritance of electroporation effects on Lactobacillus fermentum BT 8219 through to three subsequent subcultures, based on their growth, isoflavone bioconversion activities, and probiotic properties, in biotin-supplemented soymilk. Electroporation was seen to cause cell death immediately after treatment, followed by higher growth than the control during fermentation in biotin-soymilk (P<0.05). This was associated with enhanced intracellular and extracellular beta-glucosidase specific activity, leading to increased bioconversion of isoflavone glucosides to aglycones (P<0.05). The growing characteristics, enzyme, and isoflavone bioconversion activities of the first, second, and third subcultures of treated cells in biotin-soymilk were similar to the control (P>0.05). Electroporation affected the probiotic properties of parent L. fermentum BT 8219, by reducing its tolerance towards acid (pH 2) and bile, lowering its inhibitory activities against selected pathogens, and reducing its ability for adhesion, when compared with the control (P<0.05). The first, second, and third subcultures of the treated cells showed comparable traits with that of the control (P>0.05), with the exception of their bile tolerance ability, which was inherited to the treated cells of the first and second subcultures (P<0.05). Our results suggest that electroporation could be used to increase the bioactivity of biotin-soymilk via fermentation with probiotic L. fermentum BT 8219, with a view towards the development of functional foods. 相似文献
10.
Tomas ML Eagan Esteban C Gabazza Corina D’Alessandro-Gabazza Paloma Gil-Bernabe Shinya Aoki Jon A Hardie Per S Bakke Peter D Wagner 《Respiratory research》2012,13(1):48