全文获取类型
收费全文 | 236篇 |
免费 | 27篇 |
专业分类
263篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 4篇 |
2018年 | 3篇 |
2017年 | 3篇 |
2016年 | 5篇 |
2015年 | 13篇 |
2014年 | 6篇 |
2013年 | 5篇 |
2012年 | 4篇 |
2011年 | 7篇 |
2010年 | 7篇 |
2009年 | 8篇 |
2008年 | 5篇 |
2007年 | 4篇 |
2006年 | 6篇 |
2005年 | 3篇 |
2004年 | 9篇 |
2003年 | 2篇 |
2002年 | 5篇 |
2001年 | 7篇 |
2000年 | 2篇 |
1999年 | 5篇 |
1998年 | 10篇 |
1997年 | 7篇 |
1996年 | 10篇 |
1995年 | 5篇 |
1994年 | 2篇 |
1993年 | 4篇 |
1992年 | 6篇 |
1991年 | 5篇 |
1990年 | 10篇 |
1989年 | 4篇 |
1988年 | 8篇 |
1987年 | 4篇 |
1986年 | 3篇 |
1985年 | 9篇 |
1984年 | 3篇 |
1983年 | 4篇 |
1982年 | 4篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1979年 | 3篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1977年 | 8篇 |
1976年 | 8篇 |
1975年 | 5篇 |
1974年 | 3篇 |
1973年 | 2篇 |
1972年 | 3篇 |
1971年 | 3篇 |
1969年 | 5篇 |
1967年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有263条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
Pigment and lipid compositions of algal and bacterial communities in Ace Lake,Vestfold Hills,Antarctica 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The compositions of carotenoids, chlorophylls and lipids at four depths in Ace Lake have been determined as a means of studying the vertical zonation of species in the lake and for comparison with the lipids found in the bottom sediments. The four major species of phytoplankton found in the lake were identified by electron microscopy. The most abundant phytoplankter was Pyramimonas gelidicola McFadden (Chlorophyta, Prasinophyceae) which occurred in greatest numbers at 10 m, the base of the oxylimnion. The pigments and lipids at this depth were mainly derived from this alga. At 11 m (the top of the anoxylimnion) only traces of lipids and pigments attributable to P. gelidicola were found, indicating only limited settling of algal cells through to the anoxylimnion, at least in summer. The pigments at 11 m were dominated by bacteriochlorophylls c derived from green photosynthetic bacteria Chlorobium spp. These pigments were also abundant at 23 m suggesting the presence of intact bacterial cells which had settled out from higher in the water column. Major non-polar lipid classes in the sediments included sterols, alcohols, hydrocarbons and an unusual suite of very long-chain unsaturated ketones and esters which have not previously been reported from antarctic environments. Several novel compounds, not found previously in either sediments or organisms, are reported. These include tri- and tetra-unsaturated straight-chain C39 methyl ketones and C40 ethyl ketones and the methyl ester of a tetra-unsaturated straight-chain C36 fatty acid. The distributions of lipids in the sediment were markedly different from those in the water column indicating extensive bacterial degradation and recycling of labile lipids. 相似文献
2.
Methods for computing the standard errors of branching points in an evolutionary tree and their application to molecular data from humans and apes 总被引:23,自引:2,他引:21
Statistical methods for computing the standard errors of the branching
points of an evolutionary tree are developed. These methods are for the
unweighted pair-group method-determined (UPGMA) trees reconstructed from
molecular data such as amino acid sequences, nucleotide sequences,
restriction-sites data, and electrophoretic distances. They were applied to
data for the human, chimpanzee, gorilla, orangutan, and gibbon species.
Among the four different sets of data used, DNA sequences for an
895-nucleotide segment of mitochondrial DNA (Brown et al. 1982) gave the
most reliable tree, whereas electrophoretic data (Bruce and Ayala 1979)
gave the least reliable one. The DNA sequence data suggested that the
chimpanzee is the closest and that the gorilla is the next closest to the
human species. The orangutan and gibbon are more distantly related to man
than is the gorilla. This topology of the tree is in agreement with that
for the tree obtained from chromosomal studies and DNA-hybridization
experiments. However, the difference between the branching point for the
human and the chimpanzee species and that for the gorilla species and the
human-chimpanzee group is not statistically significant. In addition to
this analysis, various factors that affect the accuracy of an estimated
tree are discussed.
相似文献
3.
4.
Anonymous nuclear DNA markers in the American oyster and their implications for the heterozygote deficiency phenomenon in marine bivalves 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
A puzzling population-genetic phenomenon widely reported in allozyme
surveys of marine bivalves is the occurrence of heterozygote deficits
relative to Hardy-Weinberg expectations. Possible explanations for this
pattern are categorized with respect to whether the effects should be
confined to protein-level assays or are genomically pervasive and expected
to be registered in both protein- and DNA-level assays. Anonymous nuclear
DNA markers from the American oyster were employed to reexamine the
phenomenon. In assays based on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), two
DNA-level processes were encountered that can lead to artifactual genotypic
scorings: (a) differential amplification of alleles at a target locus and
(b) amplification from multiple paralogous loci. We describe symptoms of
these complications and prescribe methods that should generally help to
ameliorate them. When artifactual scorings at two anonymous DNA loci in the
American oyster were corrected, Hardy-Weinberg deviations registered in
preliminary population assays decreased to nonsignificant values.
Implications of these findings for the heterozygote-deficit phenomenon in
marine bivalves, and for the general development and use of PCR-based
assays, are discussed.
相似文献
5.
6.
7.
A highly conserved nuclear gene for low-level phylogenetics: elongation factor-1 alpha recovers morphology-based tree for heliothine moths 总被引:8,自引:2,他引:6
Cho S; Mitchell A; Regier JC; Mitter C; Poole RW; Friedlander TP; Zhao S 《Molecular biology and evolution》1995,12(4):650-656
Molecular systematists need increased access to nuclear genes. Highly
conserved, low copy number protein-encoding nuclear genes have attractive
features for phylogenetic inference but have heretofore been applied mostly
to very ancient divergences. By virtue of their synonymous substitutions,
such genes should contain a wealth of information about lower-level
taxonomic relationships as well, with the advantage that amino acid
conservatism makes both alignment and primer definition straightforward. We
tested this postulate for the elongation factor-1 alpha (EF-1 alpha) gene
in the noctuid moth subfamily Heliothinae, which has probably diversified
since the middle Tertiary. We sequenced 1,240 bp in 18 taxa representing
heliothine groupings strongly supported by previous morphological and
allozyme studies. The single most parsimonious gene tree and the
neighbor-joining tree for all nucleotides show almost complete concordance
with the morphological tree. Homoplasy and pairwise divergence levels are
low, transition/transversion ratios are high, and phylogenetic information
is spread evenly across gene regions. The EF-1 alpha gene and presumably
other highly conserved genes hold much promise for phylogenetics of
Tertiary age eukaryote groups.
相似文献
8.
Identification of the signalling molecules involved in mesoderm formation in amphibian embryos still presents problems. None of the original candidates, such as activin, have been definitively ruled out, and the new factors, such as the nodal-related genes, have come on to the scene. Of the original candidates, activin has been definitively shown to act as a morphogen, whereas bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-4 has emerged as a ventral inducer and an inhibitor of neural differentiation. The effects of BMP-4 are antagonized by chordin, a molecule related to the product of the Drosophila gene short gastrulation. 相似文献
9.
Virus-receptor interaction in the adenovirus system I. Identification of virion attachment proteins of the HeLa cell plasma membrane. 总被引:18,自引:15,他引:3
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Journal of virology》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Plasma membranes from HeLa cells were isolated in a two-phase polymer system. To compare the efficiency of attachment protein extraction, a normalized assay for the assessment of adenovirus type 2 (Ad2) receptor-active components interfering with the attachment of Ad2 to HeLa cells was developed. An optimized detergent extraction procedure, 0.5% Triton X-100, was used, and solubilized membrane proteins were radioisotope labeled in vitro. Proteins with affinity for Ad2 virions were quantified and identified in a sucrose gradient sedimentation assay and by affinity chromatography with cross-linked Ad2 virions immobilized to AH-Sepharose 4B. From virions recovered in the sucrose gradient system, one major membrane component of high affinity was identified with a polypeptide molecular weight of around 40,000. Glycosylated proteins isolated by wheat germ lectin chromatography with high affinity for immobilized virus particles were isolated, and two major components with apparent molecular weights of 40,000 and 42,000 were identified. We suggest that a glycosylated protein with high affinity for Ad2 virions and a polypeptide molecular weight of 40,000 to 42,000 is one component of the Ad2 attachment site on HeLa cells. 相似文献
10.