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1.
V ronique Cruciani Karen-Marie Heintz Trine Hus y Eivind Hovig David J. Warren Svein-Ole Mikalsen 《Cell communication & adhesion》2004,11(5):155-171
The open reading frames of 17 connexins from Syrian hamster (using tissues) and 16 connexins from the Chinese hamster cell line V79, were fully (Cx30, Cx31, Cx37, Cx43 and Cx45) or partially sequenced. We have also detected, and partially sequenced, seven rat connexins that previously were unavailable. The expression of connexin genes was examined in some hamster organs and cultured hamster cells, and compared with wild-type mouse and the cancer-prone Min mouse. Although the expression patterns were similar for most organs and connexins in hamster and mouse, there were also some prominent differences (Cx29 and 30.3 in testis; Cx31.1 and 32 in eye; Cx46 in brain, kidney and testis; Cx47 in kidney). This suggests that some connexins have species-specific expression profiles. In contrast, there were minimal differences in expression profiles between wild type and Min mice. Species-specific expression profiles should be considered in attempts to make animal models of human connexin-associated diseases. 相似文献
2.
Morten Glasø Olav Hilmar Iversen Torstein Hovig 《Virchows Archiv. B, Cell pathology including molecular pathology》1988,56(1):221-235
The nature and significance of so-called dark keratinocytes in the epidermis during chemical carcinogenesis is still a matter
of concern and debate. Based on ultrastructural observations it has been suggested that dark cells most often are shrunken
cells. Reports on skin carcinogenesis, however, claim that dark cells are a sign of ongoing tumor promotion and represent
those stem cells in the epidermis from which the tumors originate. It is therefore important to find out whether these cells
are simply injured and shrunken cells, or vital cells of great importance for carcinogenesis. Dark cells are assumed to be
rich in ribosomes. There is evidence, however, that the observed number of dark cells is highly dependent on tissue fixation.
In the present ultrastructural study, morphometric methods were used to compare the effects of two different fixation procedures
on the amount of cytoplasmic ribosomes in dark cells from both untreated and carcinogen-treated hairless mouse epidermis.
The results show that the ultrastructural features of both dark and clear cells vary considerably with different fixation
procedures. In acetone-treated controls typical dark cells are only observed when the fixative has a lower osmotic activity
than the plasma. With iso-osmolal fixation typical dark cells are not observed. After an abortive two-stage carcinogenesis
treatment, in which a single application of 9,10-dimethyl-l,2-benzanthracene (DMBA) in acetone was followed by a single application
of 12-O-tetradecanoyl-13-acetate (TPA) in acetone, signs of cell injury could be found after both fixation procedures. With
DMBA/TPA and hypo-osmolal fixation the number of dark cells seemed to increase, whereas only signs of cell injury with occurrence
of some heavily altered “clear cells” dominated the picture with iso-osmolal fixation. Morphometry showed that both the numerical
and the volumetric densities of cytoplasmic ribosomes in basal keratinocytes varied most significantly with the fixation procedure
used. The cytoplasmic volumes did not vary in a way that could explain these differences. One might therefore assume that
the number of ribosomes depends on the fixative. Large swelling artifacts occurred when a fixative with low osmotic activity
was used, leading to compression of neighboring cells. Hence, an increased ribosomal density reported previously in dark cells
is probably related to such cell volume artifacts and does not reflect an actually increased quantity of ribosomes. With both
fixation procedures, a single application of DMBA followed by one of TPA appeared to produce an increased number of ribosomes
in basal keratinocytes. When hypo-osmolal fixation was used, however, treatment with DMBA/TPA did not influence the cytoplasmic
volume or the numerical density of ribosomes, in dark cells. This might indicate that so-called dark keratinocytes following
DMBA/TPA treatment are functionally inactive cells that appear more vulnerable than active cells to compression during hypo-osmolal
fixation. 相似文献
3.
Kristian Bjro Torstein Hovig Kjell Torgeir Stokke Sverre Stray-Pedersen 《Prostaglandins & other lipid mediators》1986,31(4)
Four major prostanoids (6-keto-PGF1α, PGE2, PGF2α and TXB2) were measured by specific radioimmunoassays in the outputs from human umbilical vessels perfussed
. As evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) only few blood platelets were attached to the vessel wall. After an initial flush with decreasing concentrations of all four prostanoids, a stable stage was reached, lasting for 4–5 hours. During this stage the production could be inhibited by indomethacin and only slightly stimulated with arachidonic acid. The TXA2 synthetase inhibitor UK 38485 depressed the TXB2 production, while only slightly affecting the other three prostanoids at very high concentrations. The arteries produced relatively more 6-keto-PGF1α than did the vein. 相似文献
4.
Four major prostanoids (6-keto-PGF1 alpha, PGE2, PGF2 alpha and TXB2) were measured by specific radioimmunoassays in the outputs from human umbilical vessels perfused in vitro. As evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) only few blood platelets were attached to the vessel wall. After an initial flush with decreasing concentrations of all four prostanoids, a stable stage was reached, lasting for 4-5 hours. During this stage the production could be inhibited by indomethacin and only slightly stimulated with arachidonic acid. The TXA2 synthetase inhibitor UK 38485 depressed the TXB2 production, while only slightly affecting the other three prostanoids at very high concentrations. The arteries produced relatively more 6-keto-PGF1 alpha than did the vein. 相似文献
5.
Jan O. Gordeladze Trine Haugen Eivind J. Paulssen Ruth H. Paulssen 《Bioscience reports》1996,16(1):65-74
The presence of the pertussis toxin (PTX) insensitive GTP-binding proteins (G-proteins) Gq and/or G11 has been demonstrated in three different prolactin (PRL) and growth hormone (GH) producing pituitary adenoma cell lines. Immunoblocking of their coupling to hormone receptors indicates that Gq and/or G11 confer throliberin (TRH) responsive phospholipase C (PL-C) activity in these cells. The contention was substantiated by immunoprecipitation analyses snowing that anti Gq/11-sera coprecipitated PL-C activity. In essence, only Gq/11 (but neither Gi2, Gi3 nor Go) seems to mediate the TRH-sensitive PL-C activity, while Go may be coupled to a basal or constitutive PL-C activity. Immunoblocking studies imply that the B-complex also, to some extent, may stimulate GH3 pituitary cell line PL-C activity. Finally, the steady state levels of Gq/11 mRNA and protein were downregulated upon long term exposure of the GH3 cells to TRH (but not to vasoactive intestinal peptide = VIP). 相似文献
6.
M Hollstein K Rice M S Greenblatt T Soussi R Fuchs T Srlie E Hovig B Smith-Srensen R Montesano C C Harris 《Nucleic acids research》1994,22(17):3551-3555
7.
Previously, we reported the modification of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis called constant denaturant gel electrophoresis (CDGE). CDGE separates mutant fragments in specific melting domains. CDGE seems to be a useful tool in mutation detection. Since the hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) gene is widely used as target locus for mutation studies in vitro and in vivo, we have examined the approach of analyzing human HPRT cDNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and CDGE. All nine HPRT exons are included in a 716-bp cDNA fragment obtained by PCR using HPRT cDNA as template. When the full-length cDNA fragment was examined by CDGE, it was possible to detect mutations only in the last part of exon 8 and exon 9. However, digestion of the cDNA fragment with the restriction enzyme AvaI prior to CDGE enabled us to detect point mutations in most of exon 2, the beginning of exon 3, the last part of exon 8 and exon 9. With the use of two internal primer sets, including a GC-rich clamp on one of the primers in each pair, a region containing most of exon 3 through exon 6 was amplified and we were able to resolve fragments with point mutations in this region from wild-type DNA. The approach described here allows for rapid screening of point mutations in about two thirds of the human HPRT cDNA sequence. In a test of this approach, we were able to resolve 12 of 13 known mutants. The mutant panel included one single-base deletion, one two-base deletion and 11 single-base substitutions. 相似文献
8.
Junyu Liu Michael Maxwell Thom Cuddihy Theo Crawford Madeline Bassetti Cameron Hyde Steve Peigneur Jan Tytgat Eivind A. B. Undheim Mehdi Mobli 《Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society》2023,32(2)
Receptor avidity through multivalency is a highly sought‐after property of ligands. While readily available in nature in the form of bivalent antibodies, this property remains challenging to engineer in synthetic molecules. The discovery of several bivalent venom peptides containing two homologous and independently folded domains (in a tandem repeat arrangement) has provided a unique opportunity to better understand the underpinning design of multivalency in multimeric biomolecules, as well as how naturally occurring multivalent ligands can be identified. In previous work, we classified these molecules as a larger class termed secreted cysteine‐rich repeat‐proteins (SCREPs). Here, we present an online resource; ScrepYard, designed to assist researchers in identification of SCREP sequences of interest and to aid in characterizing this emerging class of biomolecules. Analysis of sequences within the ScrepYard reveals that two‐domain tandem repeats constitute the most abundant SCREP domain architecture, while the interdomain “linker” regions connecting the functional domains are found to be abundant in amino acids with short or polar sidechains and contain an unusually high abundance of proline residues. Finally, we demonstrate the utility of ScrepYard as a virtual screening tool for discovery of putatively multivalent peptides, by using it as a resource to identify a previously uncharacterized serine protease inhibitor and confirm its predicted activity using an enzyme assay. 相似文献
9.
John Fredrik Strøm Jenny L. A. Jensen Anna Nikolopoulos Eivind Nordli Pål Arne Bjørn Thomas Bøhn 《Journal of fish biology》2021,99(4):1280-1291
Anadromous brown trout (sea trout), Salmo trutta, is currently in decline throughout its range, largely due to anthropogenic stressors in freshwater and marine habitats. Acoustic telmetry was utilized to study the marine migration of sea trout post-smolts from three populations in a relatively pristine subarctic fjord system. While at sea, the sea trout spent a substantial part of their time close to their natal river, preferred near shore over pelagic habitats and were strongly surface oriented. Despite a fidelity towards local areas, the sea trout utilized various parts of the fjord system, with maximum dispersion >30 km and total migration distance >300 km. Almost half of the sea trout (44%) migrated between river outlets, indicating that a metapopulation approach may be appropriate when managing neighbouring sea trout populations at high latitudes. Furthermore, the different populations displayed different migratory behaviours in terms of distance migrated, dispersion from origin and the likelihood of leaving their home area. This variation in migratory behaviour is likely influenced by spatiotemporal differences in habitat quality between sites, indicating that local habitat variations may promote population-specific behavioural responses even in relatively confined fjord systems. 相似文献
10.