Accumulation of oxacarbocyanine dyes with different alkyl chain length in bone marrow cells and hepatocytes

A study was made of the inclusion of fluorescent probe H-510 based on 3,3′-dialkyloxacarbocyanine bromide (where alkyl is ethyl, nonyl, or octadecyl) into cells of different types. Alkyl chain length (C2, C9, or C18) was found to largely determine the accumulation dynamics and mechanism. Similar spectral characteristics for all probe types in bone marrow cells were found by microfluorimetry, suggesting insertion of dye molecules irrespective of their lipophilicity into micelle-like structures formed probably by cell phospholipids. Spectroscopy data indicate interaction of 3,3′-diethyloxacarbocyanine bromide (H-510/C2) and 3,3-dinonyloxacarbocyanine bromide (H-510/C9) dyes in hepatocytes with a less polar microenvironment (nonpolar and low-polar lipids that constitute a significant part of the total content of cell lipids). The fluoresccence maximum of long-chain dye H-510/C18 in hepatocytes is shifted to the short-wavelength region and strictly coincides with the fluorescence maximum of the probe in an albumin solution. It is not excluded that inclusion of the probe into cells occurs via endocytosis upon its binding to surface proteins.     

X-ray diagnosis of malignant non-epithelial tumors of the lung]

The paper is devoted to analysis of the investigation and treatment of 137 patients with histologically verified lung sarcoma. X-ray was the chief method of primary detection. A classification, singling out 3 types, was developed: peripheral (82.6%), central (16%) and disseminated (1.4%). The first one included nodular (76%) and pneumonia-like (6.6%) types of changes, the second one--endobronchial changes (11%), peribronchial (2.9%) and exobronchial nodular (2.1%) changes. The developed roentgenosemeiotics made it possible to diagnose malignancy in 72% of the patients, indicating its nonepithelial nature in 36%.     

Formation of specific T3-RNA-polymerase complexes with oligoribonucleotides and inhibition of DNA-dependent RNA synthesis

It was shown previously that E. coli RNA polymerase and T7 RNA polymerase being incubated with oligonucleotides of different length derived from RNA endonuclease hydrolysate bind selectively to certain oligonucleotides with the length larger than or equal to 5. The data presented demonstrate that T3 RNA polymerase also binds selectively from the isoplith mixtures certain oligonucleotides starting from pentanucleotides. Adding of excess of T3 RNA polymerase it was possible to exhaustively extract the recognizable oligonucleotides from the isoplith mixture. However, the exhausted by T3 RNA polymerase mixture of pentanucleotides still contained those which are bound selectively by T7 and E. coli RNA polymerases. The data suggest that various RNA-polymerases recognize different oligoribonucleotides. It was shown that T3 DNA inhibits the selective binding of penta-or heptaribonucleotides to T3 RNA polymerase competing obviously for the enzyme. The T3 RNA polymerase bound penta- or heptanucleotides inhibit DNA-dependent RNA synthesis carried out by the enzyme; the isoplith mixtures which do not contain T3 RNA polymerase bound oligonucleotides are deprived of the inhibitory properties. Only those isoplith mixtures contain T3 RNA polymerase bound oligonucleotides which were derived from symmetrically transcribed RNA which have obviously promoter simulating sequences. The data provide evidence that T2 RNA polymerase binds selectively the oligonucleotides mimicking the promotor recognition sites.     

Superoxide dismutase activity of human plasma; the effect of Cu2+-complex compounds

The superoxide-dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1) activity was revealed in blood plasma after its successive treatment with alcohol, chloroform and one- or two-substituted phosphate. Its value is the highest when treating plasma with KH2PO4. The boiling of the supernatant liquid obtained after addition of K2HPO4 leads to a complete loss of the activity. The treatment of plasma with KH2PO4 provides higher stability of the enzyme to thermal actions. The analysis of EPR-spectra has shown the presence of different complex compounds of copper ions in the supernatant liquid. Certain experiments with the use of aqueous solutions of CuCl2 and histidine have shown that Cu2+ inhibits the superoxide-dismutase activity in samples treated with KH2PO4 and increases it in samples treated with K2HPO4.     

Age peculiarities of actin polymerization in calves]

Studies have been made on the developmental changes in the polymerization degree of unfractionated actin extracts from skeletal muscles of 3-8-month calf embryos and adult cattle. It was shown that during the development, the polymerization capacity of actin increases, the increase being accompanied by a significant rise in the molecular weight of the protein. The pattern of age changes in the degree of polymerization of actin is similar to that in the molecular weight of actomyosin. Differences in fractional composition of actin extracts from skeletal muscles at various stages of embryonic development were observed. These differences may be responsible for age peculiarities of actin polymerization and may be associated with the formation of contractile activity in ontogenesis.     

Streptoverticillium griseoviridum n. sp., a producer of the candidin-amphotericin B group, antifungal heptaene nonaromatic antibiotic 0185]

An actinomyceteous strain LIA-0185 producing a heptaenic non-aromatic antibiotic of the candidin type was isolated from a soil sample taken in the Georgian SSR under the programme of screening antifungal antibiotics. The taxonomic study of the strain showed that it belonged to the series of viridoflavum and had the following main taxonomic features: the sporophores in the whorls, straight, remote: the aerial mycelium from yellow to dark-olive-grey; the substrate mycelium olive; the soluble pigment absent; the melanine pigment was produced on the peptone medium; the culture formed H2S; assimilated glucose, mannose, inozide and to a lesser extent fructose; did not assimilate arabinose, xylose, sucrose, lactose, ramnose and raffinose. The strain inhibited the growth of yeast and fungi, grampositive bacteria and actinomycetes and produced a complex of non-aromatic heptaenic antibiotics. The actinomycete differed from the other whorl cultures. It was classified as a new species Sv. griseoviridum sp. nov. The antibiotic complex was a mixture of 2 components, i. e. I and II present approximately in equal amounts. Component II was analogous to candidin. Component I was a new original substance.