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1.
Based on its proven anabolic effects on bone in osteoporosis patients, recombinant parathyroid hormone (PTH1-34) has been evaluated as a potential therapy for skeletal repair. In animals, the effect of PTH1-34 has been investigated in various skeletal repair models such as fractures, allografting, spinal arthrodesis and distraction
osteogenesis. These studies have demonstrated that intermittent PTH1-34 treatment enhances and accelerates the skeletal repair process via a number of mechanisms, which include effects on mesenchymal
stem cells, angiogenesis, chondrogenesis, bone formation and resorption. Furthermore, PTH1-34 has been shown to enhance bone repair in challenged animal models of aging, inflammatory arthritis and glucocorticoid-induced
bone loss. This pre-clinical success has led to off-label clinical use and a number of case reports documenting PTH1-34 treatment of delayed-unions and non-unions have been published. Although a recently completed phase 2 clinical trial of PTH1-34 treatment of patients with radius fracture has failed to achieve its primary outcome, largely because of effective healing
in the placebo group, several secondary outcomes are statistically significant, highlighting important issues concerning the
appropriate patient population for PTH1-34 therapy in skeletal repair. Here, we review our current knowledge of the effects of PTH1-34 therapy for bone healing, enumerate several critical unresolved issues (e.g., appropriate dosing regimen and indications)
and discuss the long-term potential of this drug as an adjuvant for endogenous tissue engineering. 相似文献
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Edward Harrison 《BMJ (Clinical research ed.)》1916,1(2888):645-647
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Transcriptional regulatory network triggered by oxidative signals configures the early response mechanisms of japonica rice to chilling stress 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
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Pinealectomy or radical sham pinealectomy were performed on adult golden-mantled ground squirrels,Spermophilus (=Citellus) lateralis, approximately 1 month prior to the date of normal winter emergence. The first hibernatory period and subsequent active season were not different in either of the operated groups from intact animals. However, although the initiation of the second hibernatory period was not affected in the pinealectomized animals, this group failed to show the progressive increase in the length of heterothermic bouts that is characteristic of normal hibernation. Also, terminal arousal occurred approximately 6 weeks earlier in the second year after pinealectomy. Male squirrels showed a corresponding time compression in their annual gonadal cycle, as was assessed by testicular state.These results suggest that the pineal gland of the golden-mantled ground squirrel is involved in the expression of the annual hibernatory cycle. In the absence of the pineal gland the adult of this species is unable to sustain the normal depth and duration of hibernation in the second over-wintering period following pinealectomy.We have carried out additional experiments with young, laboratory-bornS. lateralis and with field-caught, adultS. richardsonii. The results of these studies also are described in this paper.Presented at the Ninth International Congress of Biometeorology, 23 Sept – 1 Oct 1981, Osnabrück and Hohenheim, FRG. 相似文献
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