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1.
Polyethylene glycol was used to induce water stress of micropropagated Valiant grape. Reduced growth and slow rooting were observed in treated plantlets with 2, 4 and 6% polyethylene glycol as compared to control plantlets with no polyethylene glycol in the rooting medium. At high concentrations of 4 and 6%, leaves exhibited wilting and necrosis. At the 2% level, plantlets recovered and grew satisfactorily. Detached leaves of treated plantlets with 2% polyethylene glycol lost less water than controls when exposed to low humidity for 4 hours. Leaf anatomy of plantlets treated with 2% polyethylene glycol, control (in vitro plantlets) and greenhouse-grown plants were compared under light microscopy. Leaves from control plantlets contained larger mesophyll cells, lacked normal palisade layer formation, had greater intercellular pore spaces and fewer chloroplasts. Leaves from polyethylene glycol-treated plantlets, however, had smaller mesophyll cells, a more defined palisade layer, reduced intercellular pore space and the greatest number of chloroplasts. These results suggest that an osmoticum such as polyethylene glycol may be used to induce more normal leaf anatomy and reduced water loss in micropropagated Valiant grapes.Abbreviations BA
6-benzylaminopurine
- FAA
formalin-acetol-alcohol
- MS
Murashige & Skoog (1962) medium
- MW
molecular weight
- NAA
napthaleneacetic acid
- PEG
polyethylene glycol
- TBA
tertiary butyl alcohol 相似文献
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3.
Valdés R Reyes B Alvarez T García J Montero JA Figueroa A Gómez L Padilla S Geada D Abrahantes MC Dorta L Fernández D Mendoza O Ramirez N Rodriguez M Pujol M Borroto C Brito J 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2003,310(3):742-747
This paper provides an evaluation of a plant-derived HBsAg-specific antibody in the immunopurification of the recombinant HBsAg for vaccine purposes. This plant-derived antibody was obtained from different batches of 100-200kg of tobacco leaves and coupled to Sepharose CL-4B with high efficiency. The plant-derived antibody immunoaffinity matrix purification behavior (elution capacity, antigen purity, purification cycles, and ligand leakage) was comparable to that of its mouse-derived monoclonal antibody homolog. This result supports the feasibility of using this plant-derived antibody for the immunopurification of the Hepatitis B surface antigen for human use, opening a new possibility to overcome the constrain of monoclonal antibody production in mice. 相似文献
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Manuella Maria Silva Santos Damián Gatica Jaqueline de Azêvedo Silva Sergio Crovella Daniel J. Klionsky Marcos Antonio De Morais Jr 《生物化学与生物物理学报:疾病的分子基础》2021,1867(4):166053
Mevalonate kinase deficiency (MKD) is an autosomal recessive disorder in humans that causes systemic autoinflammatory problems to children. Previously, we used a yeast model to show that MKD results in mitochondrial malfunctioning that may finally induce mitophagy. Here, we proved that MKD indeed induced general autophagy as well as mitophagy in yeast, but these mechanisms did not go to completion. Therefore, the limitation of mevalonate kinase activity produces dysfunctional mitochondria that might not be recycled, causing metabolic dysfunctions in the cells. Understanding this mechanism may provide a piece in solving the nonspecific autoinflammatory response puzzle observed in MKD patients. 相似文献
6.
M. Florencia Grandi Damián G. Vales Enrique A. Crespo Rocío Loizaga 《Marine Mammal Science》2021,37(1):314-327
Difference among colonies in the population structure of otariids can be driven by philopatry and/or by specializations in the foraging ecology of females. In northern Patagonia, the South American sea lion (SASL) shows some degree of spatial genetic structure among colonies from north and south zones. This study aims to explore the isotopic niche of SASL females in the last period of the pregnancy from different colonies of northern Patagonia and to consider whether the fine scale genetic spatial structuring is potentially related to variation in trophic resources. Stable isotope analysis was performed on 101 skin samples of newborn pups in 10 colonies, as a proxy for the feeding ecology of their mothers. Differences among colonies in the metrics studied revealed the plasticity of the species and support individual trophic specialization of SASL females at a small geographic scale. Also, significant differences were found in all isotopic metrics between the north and south zones. Several hypotheses were proposed to explain the differences in SASL females' isotope values (e.g., use of different foraging areas or prey, isotopic baseline variation). Nonetheless, further research is needed to better understand the relation between fine scale genetic structuring and the foraging ecology of SASL females. 相似文献
7.
Solid-phase treatment with the fungus Trametes versicolor substantially reduces pharmaceutical concentrations and toxicity from sewage sludge 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Rodríguez-Rodríguez CE Jelić A Llorca M Farré M Caminal G Petrović M Barceló D Vicent T 《Bioresource technology》2011,102(10):5602-5608
For safe biosolid-land-applying, sludge should be contaminant-free. However, it may contain important amounts of micropollutants, not removed in the wastewater-treatment-processes. An alternative treatment with the fungus Trametes versicolor was applied in sterile solid-phase systems consisting of sludge and a lignocellulosic substrate. Fungal colonization and activity were demonstrated during the process, according to monitoring of ergosterol, laccase activity and the naproxen-degradation test (ND24). Fourteen out of 43 analyzed pharmaceuticals were found in the raw sludge. After treatment, phenazone, bezafibrate, fenofibrate, cimetidine, clarithromycin, sulfamethazine and atenolol were completely removed, while removals between 42% and 80% were obtained for the remaining pharmaceuticals. Toxicological analyses (Daphnia magna, Vibrio fischeri and seed germination) showed an important reduction in sludge toxicity after treatment. Results suggest that a solid-phase treatment with T. versicolor may reduce the ecotoxicological impact of micropollutants present in sewage sludge. This is the first report of a fungal-approach for elimination of emerging pollutants from biosolids. 相似文献
8.
Infestation parameters and indices of mites, ticks and fleas associated with wild rodents from northeastern Buenos Aires Province, Argentina, were studied. Host species similarity was also analyzed in relation to their ectoparasites. Fifty-five rodents were captured from January 2000 to March 2001. In total, 1,022 ectoparasites were collected and three ectoparasite-host associations were new records. However, this is the first study on Craneopsylla minerva wolffhuegeli infesting parameters. Ectoparasite total mean abundance and total prevalence were higher in Holochilus brasiliensis (MA = 47.7; P = 100%) and Scapteromys aquaticus (MA = 25.4; P = 95.4%), meanwhile specific richness and diversity were higher in Oligoryzomys flavescens (S = 6; H = 1.3) and Akodon azarae (S = 4; H = 1.0). On the other hand, the only individual of Calomys laucha was not parasited. S. aquaticus-H. brasiliensis, which preferred similar microhabitats, shared the same ectoparasite species (Css = 100). Whereas, A. azarae, which was mostly associated with grassland, showed the highest difference with the other hosts (Css < 0.4). Considering every ectoparasite species, H. brasiliensis showed the highest mean abundance, prevalence and preference. The results suggest that the particular characteristics of this rodent would give it better possibilities not only of being infested by ectoparasites, but also of transmitting them to its progeny. 相似文献
9.
Vishnu Priya Bollampalli Lívia Harumi Yamashiro Xiaogang Feng Dami?n Bierschenk Yu Gao Hans Blom Birgitta Henriques-Normark Susanne Nylén Antonio Gigliotti Rothfuchs 《PLoS pathogens》2015,11(10)
The transport of antigen from the periphery to the draining lymph node (DLN) is critical for T-cell priming but remains poorly studied during infection with Mycobacterium bovis Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG). To address this we employed a mouse model to track the traffic of Dendritic cells (DCs) and mycobacteria from the BCG inoculation site in the skin to the DLN. Detection of BCG in the DLN was concomitant with the priming of antigen-specific CD4+ T cells at that site. We found EpCAMlow CD11bhigh migratory skin DCs to be mobilized during the transport of BCG to the DLN. Migratory skin DCs distributed to the T-cell area of the LN, co-localized with BCG and were found in close apposition to antigen-specific CD4+ T cells. Consequently, blockade of skin DC traffic into DLN dramatically reduced mycobacterial entry into DLN and muted T-cell priming. Interestingly, DC and mycobacterial entry into the DLN was dependent on IL-1R-I, MyD88, TNFR-I and IL-12p40. In addition, we found using DC adoptive transfers that the requirement for MyD88 in BCG-triggered migration was not restricted to the migrating DC itself and that hematopoietic expression of MyD88 was needed in part for full-fledged migration. Our observations thus identify a population of DCs that contribute towards the priming of CD4+ T cells to BCG infection by transporting bacilli into the DLN in an IL-1R-MyD88-dependent manner and reveal both DC-intrinsic and -extrinsic requirements for MyD88 in DC migration. 相似文献
10.
Damián González-Mellado Penny von Wettstein-Knowles Rafael Garcés Enrique Martínez-Force 《Planta》2010,231(6):1277-1289
The β-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein synthase III (KAS III; EC 2.3.1.180) is a condensing enzyme catalyzing the initial step
of fatty acid biosynthesis using acetyl-CoA as primer. To determine the mechanisms involved in the biosynthesis of fatty acids
in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) developing seeds, a cDNA coding for HaKAS III (EF514400) was isolated, cloned and sequenced. Its protein sequence is as much as 72% identical to other KAS III-like
ones such as those from Perilla frutescens, Jatropha curcas, Ricinus communis or Cuphea hookeriana. Phylogenetic study of the HaKAS III homologous proteins infers its origin from cyanobacterial ancestors. A genomic DNA gel blot analysis revealed that
HaKAS III is a single copy gene. Expression levels of this gene, examined by Q-PCR, revealed higher levels in developing seeds
storing oil than in leaves, stems, roots or seedling cotyledons. Heterologous expression of HaKAS III in Escherichia coli altered their fatty acid content and composition implying an interaction of HaKAS III with the bacterial FAS complex. Testing purified HaKAS III recombinant protein by adding to a reconstituted E. coli FAS system lacking condensation activity revealed a novel substrate specificity. In contrast to all hitherto characterized
plant KAS IIIs, the activities of which are limited to the first cycles of intraplastidial fatty acid biosynthesis yielding
C6 chains, HaKAS III participates in at least four cycles resulting in C10 chains. 相似文献