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Dagnija Vecstaudza Lelde Grantina-Ievina Galina Makarenkova Raimonds Kasparinskis Turs Selga Vilhelmine Steinberga 《Biocontrol Science and Technology》2018,28(4):341-358
The interrelations between biochar (BC) and soil microbiota remain unclear. Addressing this will be important for understanding how BC affects soil properties and plant growth. Here, we tested the influence of wood-derived BC with immobilised Trichoderma viride on rye Secale cereale L. in sandy soil. We found that the addition of BC leads to a significant (P?.05) increase in the concentrations of Ca2+ and Mg2+, as well as a decrease in the concentration of Al3+, irrespective of BC particle size and the presence of T. viride. Plant growth was stimulated in the presence of small (<2?mm) particle-sized BC. Fungal diversity, as well as an absolute and relative abundance of Trichoderma spp., was tested by cultivation-dependent methods and qPCR. Both of these approaches revealed a positive effect of BC on the survival of Trichoderma spp. under the tested conditions, especially in the presence of a small particle size fraction. 相似文献
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A life cycle assessment was performed to quantify and compare the energetic and environmental performances of hydrogen from wheat straw (WS-H2), sweet sorghum stalk (SSS-H2), and steam potato peels (SPP-H2). Inventory data were derived from a pilot plant. Impacts were assessed using the impact 2002+ method. When co-product was not considered, the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions were 5.60 kg CO2eq kg−1 H2 for WS-H2, 5.32 kg CO2eq kg−1 H2 for SSS-H2, and 5.18 kg CO2eq kg−1 H2 for SPP-H2. BioH2 pathways reduced GHG emissions by 52-56% compared to diesel and by 54-57% compared to steam methane reforming production of H2. The energy ratios (ER) were also comparable: 1.08 for WS-H2, 1.14 for SSS-H2 and 1.17 for SPP-H2. A shift from SPP-H2 to WS-H2 would therefore not affect the ER and GHG emissions of these BioH2 pathways. When co-product was considered, a shift from SPP-H2 to WS-H2 or SSS-H2 decreased the ER, while increasing the GHG emissions significantly. Co-product yield should be considered when selecting BioH2 feedstocks. 相似文献
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Darta Klavina Taina Pennanen Talis Gaitnieks Sannakajsa Velmala Andis Lazdins Dagnija Lazdina Audrius Menkis 《Mycorrhiza》2016,26(2):153-160
We studied long-term effects of fertilization with wood ash on biomass, vitality and mycorrhizal colonization of fine roots in three conifer forest stands growing in Vacciniosa turf. mel. (V), Myrtillosa turf. mel. (M) and Myrtillosa turf. mel./Caricoso-phragmitosa (MC) forest types on peat soils. Fertilization trials amounting 5 kg/m2 of wood ash were established 12 years prior to this study. A total of 63 soil samples with roots were collected and analysed. Ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi in roots were identified by morphotyping and sequencing of the fungal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. In all forest types, fine root biomass was higher in fertilized plots than in control plots. In M forest type, proportion of living fine roots was greater in fertilized plots than in control plots, while in V and MC, the result was opposite. Fifty ECM species were identified, of which eight were common to both fertilized and control plots. Species richness and Shannon diversity index were generally higher in fertilized plots than in control plots. The most common species in fertilized plots were Amphinema byssoides (17.8 %) and Tuber cf. anniae (12.2 %), while in control plots, it was Tylospora asterophora (18.5 %) and Lactarius tabidus (20.3 %). Our results showed that forest fertilization with wood ash has long-lasting effect on diversity and composition of ECM fungal communities. 相似文献
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