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Mycotoxin Research - In the present work we studied the ability of phosphate buffer to solubize sterigmatocystin (ST) at different pH values. We observed a higher solubility of ST at acid pH... 相似文献
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Clementi G Caruso A Cutuli VM Prato A Mangano NG Amico-Roxas M 《Life sciences》1999,65(15):PL203-PL208
The antiinflammatory effect of ADM was studied in different models of inflammation and compared to the one of CGRP. Peptides were active against acetic acid-induced peritonitis in the rats. ADM and CGRP exerted the antiinflammatory effect at different doses, 400 and 20 ng/kg respectively, but with different efficacy (ADM >CGRP). This effect was blocked by pretreatment with CGRP (8-37) fragment or with L-NAME. No antiinflammatory activity was evidenced against serotonin- or carrageenin-induced rat paw edema. Our data suggest that ADM exerts antiinflammatory activity in the model characterized by a vascular component. This effect involves CGRP receptors and appears to be mediated by nitric oxide system. 相似文献
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Giulia Cutuli Stefano Cannicci Marco Vannini Sara Fratini 《Biological journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》2014,111(3):656-667
Honest‐advertisement models of sexual selection suggest that condition‐dependent male secondary sexual characters could function as reliable signals of male quality, enabling females to discriminate among potential partners, both in the pre‐ and post‐copulatory phases. In this context, many studies have revealed the importance of promiscuous mating systems and female sperm storage in determining the occurrence of such a model of sexual selection. By contrast, few studies have investigated the presence and extent of post‐copulatory female choice in chelonian species. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of male size, male–male competition, and courtship intensity on paternity distribution in Testudo hermanni hermanni, combining behavioural and genetic data. We created experimental groups composed of two males of different sizes and three or four randomly selected females. Observations conducted during social interactions between males revealed that a hierarchy, unrelated to male size, was soon established: Alpha males were more aggressive towards competitors and courted females more intensively. Alpha males also achieved a higher mounting success than Beta males. Paternity analysis performed on hatchlings produced from experimental females revealed that male reproductive success was not correlated with male–female size ratio. Finally, despite the higher mounting success of Alpha males, paternity analysis revealed that male reproductive success did not differ between Alpha and Beta males. © 2014 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2014, 111 , 656–667. 相似文献
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In cystinosis, renal proximal tubule (RPT) function is compromised, due to mutations in ctns, which encodes for the transporter cystinosin, which removes cystine from lysosomes. Altered RPT function in cystinosis has been attributed to decreased ATP, as well as increased apoptosis. In this report, the role of AMPK was examined. AMPK was activated in primary rabbit RPT cells with a cystinosin knockdown, using cystinosin siRNA. The activation of AMPK was associated with a 50% decrease in ATP and a 1.7-fold increase in the ADP/ATP level. Cisplatin-induced apoptosis also increased in primary RPT cells with a cystinosin knockdown. The role of AMPK in the increased sensitivity to cisplatin was examined. The increased sensitivity to cisplatin was prevented in primary RPT cells with a cystinosin knockdown by the AMPK inhibitor Compound C. The effect of siRNAs against AMPKα1 and AMPKα2 was also studied. The siRNAs knocked down AMPKα, and prevented AMPKα activation by 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-d-ribofuranoside (AICAR). The siRNAs against AMPKα1 and AMPKα2 also prevented the increased sensitivity to cisplatin in the primary RPT cells with a cystinosin knockdown. These results suggest that signaling through AMPK plays a role in the enhanced apoptosis in the RPT in cystinosis. 相似文献
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We have studied the aflatoxin producing capacity of 41 Aspergillus flavus strains isolated from the mycoflora present of natural media (wheat, rice and mixed feed) synthetic medium (Aflatoxin Producing Ability Medium) and semisynthetic media (Coconut Agar Medium and Glucose Yeast Extract Agar) were compared. Aflatoxins were analysed on days 4 and 8 post-inoculation under an incubation temperature of 28 °C. A total of 30 strains (75.7%) were producers on natural media as detected by Thin Layer Chromatography: 23 strains on wheat, 27 on rice and 12 on mixed feed. The results by qualitative flourescence tests on synthetic and semisynthetic media were: 3 strains positive on Coconut Agar Medium (CAM) 1 on Glucose Yeast Extract Agar (GY + Agar) and none on Aflatoxin Producing Ability Medium (APA). 相似文献
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Fusi S Cutuli D Valente MR Bergonzi P Porro CA Di Prampero PE 《Archives italiennes de biologie》2005,143(3-4):223-228
There is increasing evidence that motor imagery involves at least in part central processes used in motor control. In order to deepen our understanding on the neural mechanisms underlying vegetative responses to real and imagined exercise, we determined cardioventilatory variables during actual or imagined treadmill walking on flat terrain at speeds of 2, 3.5 or 5 km/h, in a group of 14 healthy volunteers. During actual walking, as expected, a comparable intensity-dependent increase was found in ventilation, oxygen consumption, tidal volume and respiratory rate. Imagined walking led to a significant, albeit small (less than 10%), increase in ventilation and oxygen consumption, and to larger increases (up to 40%) in respiratory rate, which was paralleled by a non significant trend towards a decline of tidal volume. These results confirm and extend previous observations showing that motor imagery is accompanied by centrally induced changes in vegetative responses, and provide evidence for a differential control on respiratory rate and tidal volume. 相似文献
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Lapo Ragionieri Giulia Cutuli Paolo Sposimo Giovanna Spano Augusto Navone Dario Capizzi Nicola Baccetti Marco Vannini Sara Fratini 《Biological invasions》2013,15(12):2731-2742
Molara is a small island belonging to the Marine protected Area Tavolara—Punta Coda Cavallo, in Sardinia. During 2006–2007, a bio-monitoring program reported a strong presence of the black rat, Rattus rattus, on Molara island. Rat predation has detrimentally affected the unique biodiversity of this island, thus, in 2008 an eradication campaign was conducted. Our eradication protocol included a pre-eradication genetic investigation, using 8 microsatellite loci, on a rat population of Molara as well as on neighbour islands within the Marine Protected Area (MPA). The main goal of this genetic investigation was to establish the correct borders of the eradication unit of Molara island. As several recent eradication campaigns have been unsuccessful, due to incomplete and unstable eradication, we also aimed to assess possible hidden sources of reinvasion. Specimens were also collected during post- eradication monitoring on Molara for genetic screening to establish their origin, and thus validate the effectiveness of our eradication campaign. According to our genetic analysis, within the MPA there are four different eradication units, corresponding to the islands of Molara, Tavolara, Piana and to the Sardinia mainland. Gene flow among these four units is more or less absent. The assignment and clustering tests performed on pre and post-eradication samples seem to indicate that the population of Sardinia mainland is a possible source of re-invasion for the Piana and Molara populations. 相似文献
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Nephropathic cystinosis is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the CTNS gene [1], which encodes for a transporter (cystinosin) responsible for cystine efflux from lysosomes. In cystinotic renal proximal tubules (RPTs), the defect in cystinosin function results in reduced reabsorption of solutes by apical Na+/solute cotransport systems, including the Na+/phosphate (Pi) cotransport system [2]. However the underlying molecular mechanisms are unknown, given the lack of an appropriate cellular model. To obtain such a model system, we have knocked down cystinosin with siRNA in primary RPT cell cultures. An 80% reduction in cystinosin strongly inhibited Na+ dependent Pi uptake (70%). Although this finding could be explained by a direct effect on transporters as well as by altered energetics (the ATP level dropped by 52%), our results demonstrate a lack of involvement of Na, K-ATPase, and a reduction in the number of NaPi2a transporters. 相似文献
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Predazzi IM Norata GD Vecchione L Garlaschelli K Amati F Grigore L Cutuli L Pirillo A Tramontana S Romeo F Novelli G Catapano AL 《PloS one》2012,7(2):e31086