The Post-Resuscitative Urinalysis Associate the Survival of Patients with Non-Traumatic Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Objective

To analyze whether urine output and urinalysis results are predictive of survival and neurologic outcomes in patients with non-traumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA).

Methods

Information was obtained from 1,340 patients with non-traumatic OHCA who had achieved a sustained return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). Factors that were associated with survival in the post-resuscitative period were evaluated. The association between urine output and fluid challenge in the early resuscitative period was analyzed and compared between the survivors and the non-survivors. The results of the initial urinalysis, including the presence of proteinuria and other findings, were used to evaluate the severity of vascular protein leakage and survival. The association between proteinuria and the neurologic outcomes of the survivors was also analyzed. The clinical features of capillary leakage were examined during the post-resuscitative period.

Results

Of the 1,340 patients, 312 survived. A greater urine output was associated with a higher chance of survival. The initial urine output increased in proportion to the amount of fluid that was administered during early resuscitation in the emergency department for the survivors but not for the non-survivors (p<0.05). In the initial urinalysis, proteinuria was strongly associated with survival, and severe proteinuria indicated significantly poorer neurologic outcomes (p<0.05 for both comparisons). Proteinuria was associated with a risk of developing signs of capillary leakage, including body mass index gain and pitting edema (both p<0.001).

Conclusion

The severity of proteinuria during the early post-resuscitative period was predictive of survival.     

棕背(鼠平)和红背(鼠平)种间区分的分子方法

棕背鼠平(Myodes rufocanus)和红背鼠平(M.rutilus)的分布有重叠区且外形相似,在特定情况下存在种间区分困难,给两种鼠的数量调查带来不便和误判.本研究通过mtDNA控制区构建系统树、mtDNA控制区电泳和RAPD 3种分子生物学方法有效地对棕背(鼠平)和红背(鼠平)已知的8个样本和16个待定样本进行了准确鉴定.其中,mtDNA控制区电泳进行种问区分的方法具有简便、准确而又快捷的优点.     

牡丹江城市鸟类调查

2004年5月至2009年4月对牡丹江城市鸟类进行调查,共记录鸟类91种,隶属14目31科,占全国鸟类总种数的7.69%.说明牡丹江地区鸟类资源比较丰富,其丰富度指数1.967,均匀度指数0.653 8,Shannon-Wiener指数2.949.记录的91种鸟中留鸟26种,夏候鸟53种,冬候鸟3种,旅鸟9种,分别占总数28.6%、58.2%、3.3%、和9.9%.在居留型上,主要以夏候鸟为主.在区系组成上,东洋种5种,占5.5%,古北种54种,占59.3%,广布种32种,占35.2%,以古北种为主.记录到的91种鸟类中包括松雀鹰(Accipiter virgatus)、苍鹰(A.gentilis)等8种国家Ⅱ级保护野生动物.在所调查的鸟类中雀形目鸟类最多,15科52种.     

肥胖基因的分离及其在大肠杆菌中的表达

利用PCR技术自外周血白细胞染色体DNA中扩增获取了肥胖基因(ob基因)的外显子2和3序列.经过拼接,获得了全长的ob基因编码序列. 测序结果表明,获得的序列与文献报道完全一致.利用PCR技术扩增出成熟蛋白的编码序列,克隆至表达载体pBV220中获得了表达菌株,并对表达产物进行了初步纯化,为进一步研究ob基因产物的功能与应用奠定了基础.     

Behavioral and IL-2 responses to diosgenin in ovariectomized rats

Neuroimmune system is involved in communication between the endocrine and nervous systems, which may take part in the effects of dioscorea, reversing changes of anxiety-like behavior and interleukin (IL)-2 levels in the brains of ovariectomized (OVX) rats. This study was aimed at evaluating administration of diosgenin, an ingredient of dioscorea, on neuroimmune and behavioral functions in OVX animals. One month after ovariectomy, female Wistar rats were fed daily with diosgenin (0, 10, 50 or 100 mg/kg/day) and the elevated plus-maze and learned helplessness tests were used to measure anxiety-like and depressive behaviors after 23 and 24 days of diosgenin treatment, respectively. In the learned helplessness test, the rats needed to cross from one compartment of the shuttle box to the opposite compartment to avoid or escape the shock. If the rat failed to escape the shock in 10 sec, a "failure" was recorded. Two days after the behavioral tests, the brain was removed to measure levels of IL-2 which was used as an indicator of neuroimmune function. Anxiety-like behavior in the OVX rats was not affected by diosgenin treatment. However, avoidance behavior in the learned helplessness test in the OVX rats with high anxiety (HA) levels was improved by treatment with diosgenin at the dosage of 10mg/kg/day. Interestingly, the number of failures in the same test was increased when the dosage of diosgenin was increased to 50 mg/kg/day, and this was accompanied by an increase in IL-2 levels in the pituitary gland. In addition, treatment with 100 mg/kg/day of diosgenin resulted in decreased IL-2 levels in the amygdala and prefrontal cortex of the OVX rats with low anxiety levels, and in increased IL-2 levels in the amygdala of OVX HA rats. These results show that chronic diosgenin treatment influences IL-2 levels in the brain of OVX rats and affects depressive behavior in OVX HA rats, but not OVX low anxiety rats.     

森林生态系统中5种啮齿动物秋季时间生态位

为探讨森林啮齿动物共存机制,于2006年9月,在黑龙江省海林林区,采用标志重捕法和室内饲养观察法研究了松鼠(Sciurus vulgaris)、花鼠(Eutamias sibiricus)、大林姬鼠(Apodemus peninsular)、棕背(Myodes rufocanus)和红背(M.rutilus)时间利用生态位以及种间的生态位叠度,分析了在资源利用时间上的分化。结果表明,这5种动物分化为白天活动和以夜间活动为主的两种生态类型。白天活动的松鼠、花鼠生态位宽度较窄,分别为0·679、0·618。以夜间活动为主的棕背、红背、大林姬鼠的生态位宽度较宽,分别为0·935、0·853、0·844。两种类型间竞争较小,生态位叠度指数在0·286以下。同一类型内种间生态位叠度指数较高,在0·711以上,为了减少竞争,同一类型内种间错开活动高峰时间或延长活动时间。     

Comparative endoscopic and SEM analyses and imaging for biofilm growth on porous quartz sand

The paper presents an endoscope technique to provide a non-destructive detection and imaging of biofilms on porous sand grains without disturbing the system. This in situ observation of biofilm growth was carried out by inserting an endoscope into the reactor after introducing the substrate into a water-saturated quartz sand-packed reactor. As the microbes grew on the media surface with time, an expansion was presented in biofilm area. In this way, the growth of biofilm on porous sand grains could be continuously captured. The expanding of the biofilm image was observed, and the biofilm on the sand grains was measured by image analysis of biofilm cross-sections. In order to further identify the biofilm growth, at the end of experiment the packed reactor was dismantled and biofilms along with the aquifer material were sampled for the biofilm growth observation by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The biofilm thickness was also measured by image analysis of biofilm cross-sections. The results demonstrated significant spatial variations in mean biofilm thickness (106.2 ± 12.54 m to 243.5 ± 26.53 m) and thickness variability (0.07–0.12) using image analysis of SEM. However, the mean biofilm thickness measurements done by image analysis of SEM were about 60–82% smaller compared with those by image analysis of endoscopy. This is because of the dehydration and alteration of the biofilm material after dismantling the reactor for SEM observations. In comparison, we found that the endoscope image could provide a first-hand observation of biofilm growth without disrupting the system, while the SEM image could give a better resolution.     

基于CHD基因序列的18种猛禽鸟类系统发育关系

对18个猛禽CHD基因的一段内含子序列进行比较和分析.CHD-W和CHD-Z基因的多态性存在差异,CHD-W基因不适合种间系统发生学的研究.通过对CHD-Z基因扩增序列构建的NJ和ML树显示:隼科与其他猛禽物种关系较远;鹰科鸟类与鸮形目鸟类亲缘关系较近;在白腹鹞的分类地位上与传统形态学分类不一致;长耳鸮、领角鸮、花彩角鸮、西部鸣角鸮的分类地位存在分歧.鸮形目和隼形目鸟类的CHD-W基因大小有明显区别,支持形态学分类结果,与CHD-Z序列分析结果明显不同.