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1.
The water-soluble fraction of bee venom produces antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects on rheumatoid arthritis in rats 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
We recently demonstrated that bee venom (BV) injection into the Zusanli acupoint produced a significantly more potent anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effect than injection into a non-acupoint in a Freund's adjuvant induced rheumatoid arthritis (RA) model. However, the precise BV constituents responsible for these antinociceptive and/or anti-inflammatory effects are not fully understood. In order to investigate the possible role of the soluble fraction of BV in producing the anti-arthritic actions of BV acupuncture, whole BV was extracted into two fractions according to solubility (a water soluble fraction, BVA and an ethylacetate soluble fraction, BVE) and the BVA fraction was further tested.Subcutaneous BVA injection (0.9 mg/kg/day) into the Zusanli acupoint was found to dramatically inhibit paw edema and radiological change (i.e. new bone proliferation and soft tissue swelling) caused by Freund's adjuvant injection. BVA treatment also reduced the increase in serum interleukin-6 caused by RA induction to levels observed in non-arthritic animals. In addition, BVA therapy significantly reduced arthritis-induced nociceptive behaviors (i.e. nociceptive scores for mechanical hyperalgesia and thermal hyperalgesia). Finally, BVA treatment significantly suppressed adjuvant-induced Fos expression in the lumbar spinal cord at 3 weeks post-adjuvant injection. In contrast, BVE treatment (0.05 mg/kg/day) failed to show any anti-inflammatory or antinociceptive effects on RA.The results of the present study demonstrate that BVA is the effective fraction of whole BV responsible for the antinociception and anti-inflammatory effects of BV acupuncture treatment. Thus it is recommended that this fraction of BV be used for long-term treatment of RA-induced pain and inflammation. However, further study is necessary to clarify which constituents of the BVA fraction are directly responsible for these anti-arthritis effects. 相似文献
2.
Babita Paudel Hari Datta Bhattarai Jin Sung Lee Soon Gyu Hong Hyun Woung Shin Joung Han Yim 《Polar Biology》2008,31(5):605-608
Antioxidant agents prevent reactive oxygen species, which can cause degenerative diseases. Natural antioxidants are preferred
over many synthetic antioxidants, which can be toxic, for therapeutic applications. Five lichen species were collected from
King George Island, Antarctica. Antioxidant activities as assessed by DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) free radical and
ABTS•+ [2,2’-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate)] radical scavenging capacities were determined and compared with those
of commercial standards BHA (butylated hydroxyanisole) and trolox [(±)-6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchromane-2-carboxylic
acid]. The results indicated that two lichens exhibited comparatively high antioxidant activities with the remaining three
exhibiting less activity. The antioxidant activity was concentration-dependent. When compared, the antioxidant activity of
crude extracts from polar lichens to previously published data for tropical and temperate lichen species, we concluded that
lichens of Antarctic origin may be the potent sources of strong antioxidant agents. Such species should be explored as novel
sources of effective antioxidant metabolites. 相似文献
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Inhibitory Effect of Maillard Reaction Products on Growth of the Aerobic Marine Hyperthermophilic Archaeon Aeropyrum pernix
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It was found that the growth of Aeropyrum pernix was severely inhibited in a medium containing reducing sugars and tryptone due to the formation of Maillard reaction products. The rate of the Maillard browning reaction was markedly enhanced under aerobic conditions, and the addition of Maillard reaction products to the culture medium caused fatal growth inhibition. 相似文献
6.
Cadmium-induced oxidative stress symptoms such as lipid peroxidation and H2O2 production were examined in the marine alga Nannochloropsis oculata. Changes in antioxidant enzyme levels and isozyme patterns were also examined. Increasing concentrations of Cd produced growth inhibition. Among the responses to added Cd, the H2O2 content and malonyldialdehyde accumulation increased significantly, indicating a state of oxidative stress. In the case of ascorbate peroxidase activity the increase was about 2.5 times and a marked induction of the isozyme APX2 contributed to this increase. Guaiacol peroxidase activity increased about 4-fold, this being due mainly to the isozyme GPX3. Catalase activity increased slightly, whereas superoxide dismutase and glutathione reductase activity decreased markedly. Alterations of antioxidant enzyme levels and isozyme pattern changes in Cd-treated alga suggest that they might be involved in the heavy metal tolerance in this alga. 相似文献
7.
Hari Datta Bhattarai Yoo Kyung Lee Kyeung Hee Cho Hong Kum Lee Hyun Woung Shin 《Hydrobiologia》2006,560(1):417-423
Ten strains of marine bacteria (SCH0401–SCH0410) were isolated from Ayajin, the east coast of South Korea. In spectrophotometer
based chemotaxis assay the ethyl acetate extract (300 μg) of SCH0402 decreased the optical density (OD) of the motile target
strains SCH0401, SCH0402, SCH0407 and SCH0408 by two to six times when compared to control. Tributyltin oxide (TBTO) decreased
the OD of all target strains by only two times. The most active strain SCH0402 was identified as Shewanella oneidensis by using 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis. Similarly, the target motile strains SCH0401, SCH0402, SCH0407 and SCH0408 were
identified as Alteromonas marina, Shewanella oneidensis, Roseobacter gallaeciensis and Bacillus atrophaeus, respectively. The growth inhibition zone produced by the test bacterial extracts against the target strains were three to
eight times smaller when compared to that of TBTO. Even though, SCH0402 showed six times weaker antibacterial activity, the
repellent activity was three times stronger than TBTO. Therefore, the higher negative chemotactic activity would be better
to select eco-friendly antifouling compounds than the other antibacterial activities. 相似文献
8.
Preservation of algal spores of the green seaweed Ulva fasciata and U. pertusa was enhanced by the addition of ampicillin in f/2 medium at 4°C. The viability of preserved spores was determined by a spore
germination assay at various time intervals. The germination rate of U. fasciata remained at 5% to 38% for the first five days, dropping to 1% to 6% on the 10th day of storage with various preservation
treatments without ampicillin at 4°C during parameter-selecting experiments. In f/2 medium, 53% of U. fasciata spores were still viable on day 5 and 23% on day 10 at 4°C. By adding 100 μg mL−1 ampicillin to f/2 medium, 90% of the spores were viable at day 40 and 61% after 100 days of storage at 4°C. Spores of U. pertusa had lower preservation rates, with viabilities of 70% at day 40 and 32% at day 100. Algal spore preservation was heavily
dependent on the bacterial contamination and subsequent degradation in stock solutions.
Handling editor: L. Naselli-Flores 相似文献
9.
Choi Sung Mee Ho Son Sung Rho Yun Seung Woung Kwon Oh Hoon Seon Jeong Yoeup Paek Kee 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2000,62(3):187-193
A pilot-scale culture of multiple adventitious roots of ginseng was established using a balloon-type bubble bioreactor. Adventitious
roots (2 cm) induced from callus were cultured in plastic Petri dishes having 20 ml of solid Schenk and Hildebrandt (1972)
medium containing 3% sucrose, 0.15% gelrite, and 24.6 μM indole-3-butric acid. An average of 29 secondary multiple adventitious
roots were produced after 4 weeks of culture. These secondary roots were elongated on the same medium, reaching a length of
5 cm after 6 weeks of culture. A time course study revealed that maximum yields in 5-l and 20-l bioreactors were approximately
500 g and 2.2 kg at day 42 with 60 g and 240 g inoculations, respectively. Cutting twice during the culture increased the
total amount of biomass produced. The root biomass in a 20-l balloon-type bubble bioreactor was 2.8 kg at harvest with 240
g of inoculum after 8 weeks of culture. The total saponin content obtained from small-scale and pilot-scale balloon type bubble
bioreactors was around 1% based on dry weight. Inoculation of 500 g fresh weight of multiple adventitious roots into a 500
l balloon-type bubble bioreactor with cutting at 4 and 6 weeks after inoculation produced approximately 74.8 kg of multiple
roots. The ginsengnoside profiles of these multiple adventitious roots were similar to profiles of field-grown ginseng roots
when analyzed by HPLC.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
10.
Babita Paudel Hari Datta Bhattarai Hye Yeon Koh Sung Gu Lee Se Jong HanHong Kum Lee Hyuncheol OhHyun Woung Shin Joung Han Yim 《Phytomedicine》2011,18(14):1285-1290
Ramalin (γ-glutamyl-N′-(2-hydroxyphenyl)hydrazide), a novel compound, was isolated from the methanol-water extract of the Antarctic lichen Ramalina terebrata by several chromatographic methods. The molecular structure of ramalin was determined by spectroscopic analysis. The experimental data showed that ramalin was five times more potent than commercial butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) in scavenging 1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydazil (DPPH) free radicals, 27 times more potent in scavenging 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid free radicals (ABTS+) than the vitamin E analogue, trolox, and 2.5 times more potent than BHT in reducing Fe3+ to Fe2+ ions. Similarly, ramalin was 1.2 times more potent than ascorbic acid in scavenging superoxide radicals and 1.25 times more potent than commercial kojic acid in inhibiting tyrosinase enzyme activity, which ultimately leads to whitening of skin cells. Ramalin showed no or very little cytotoxicity in human keratinocyte and fibroblast cells at its antioxidant concentration. Furthermore, ramalin was assessed to determine its antioxidant activity in vivo. One microgram per milliliter ramalin significantly reduced the released nitric oxide (NO) and 0.125 μg/ml ramalin reduced the produced hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in LPS (lipopolysaccharide)-stimulated murine macrophage Raw264.7 cells. Considering all the data together, ramalin can be a strong therapeutic candidate for controlling oxidative stress in cells. 相似文献