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Cervical cancer is the major cause of cancer related deaths in women, especially in developing countries and Human Papilloma Virus infection in conjunction with multiple deregulated signaling pathways leads to cervical carcinogenesis. TGF-β signaling in later stages of cancer is known to induce epithelial to mesenchymal transition promoting tumor growth. Phytochemicals, curcumin and emodin, are effective as chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic compounds against several cancers including cervical cancer. The main objective of this work was to study the effect of curcumin and emodin on TGF-β signaling pathway and its functional relevance to growth, migration and invasion in two cervical cancer cell lines, SiHa and HeLa. Since TGF-β and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways are known to cross talk having common downstream targets, we analyzed the effect of TGF-β on β-catenin (an important player in Wnt/β-catenin signaling) and also studied whether curcumin and emodin modulate them. We observed that curcumin and emodin effectively down regulate TGF-β signaling pathway by decreasing the expression of TGF-β Receptor II, P-Smad3 and Smad4, and also counterbalance the tumorigenic effects of TGF-β by inhibiting the TGF-β-induced migration and invasion. Expression of downstream effectors of TGF-β signaling pathway, cyclinD1, p21 and Pin1, was inhibited along with the down regulation of key mesenchymal markers (Snail and Slug) upon curcumin and emodin treatment. Curcumin and emodin were also found to synergistically inhibit cell population and migration in SiHa and HeLa cells. Moreover, we found that TGF-β activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in HeLa cells, and curcumin and emodin down regulate the pathway by inhibiting β-catenin. Taken together our data provide a mechanistic basis for the use of curcumin and emodin in the treatment of cervical cancer. 相似文献
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An aerobic microorganism with an ability to utilize phenol as carbon and energy source was isolated from a hydrocarbon contamination
site by employing selective enrichment culture technique. The isolate was identified as Arthrobacter citreus based on morphological, physiological and biochemical tests. This mesophilic organism showed optimal growth at 25°C and at
pH of 7.0. The phenol utilization studies with Arthrobacter citreus showed that the complete assimilation occurred in 24 hours. The organism metabolized phenol up to 22 mM concentrations whereas
higher levels were inhibitory. Thin layer chromatography, UV spectral and enzyme analysis were suggestive of catechol, as
a key intermediate of phenol metabolism. The enzyme activities of phenol hydroxylase and catechol 2,3-dioxygenase in cell
free extracts of Arthrobacter citreus were indicative of operation of a meta-cleavage pathway for phenol degradation. The organism had additional ability to degrade catechol, cresols and naphthol. The
degradation rates of phenol by alginate and agar immobilized cells in batch fermentations showed continuous phenol metabolism
for a period of eight days. 相似文献
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Ji-Yun Min Seung-Mi Kang Dong-Jin Park Yong-Duck Kim Ha-Na Jung Jae-Kyung Yang Won-Teak Seo Seon-Won Kim Chandrakant S. Karigar Myung-Suk Choi 《Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering》2006,11(4):372-376
Ferulic acid is a phenolic compound that serves as a major biosynthetic precursor of vanillin in higher plants. We investigated
the ability of the 3 commercial enzymes—Ultraflo L, Viscozyme L, and α-Amylase—to induce the release ferulic acid from theIpomoea batatas L. (sweet potato) stem. The rate of release for ferulic acid was optimal when Ultraflo L (1.0%) was used compared with the
other enzymes, whereas Viscozyme L was most effective for the release of vanillic acid and vanillin. Thus, these enzymes may
be useful for the large-scale production of ferulic acid and other phenolic compounds from sweet potato stem. 相似文献
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Mi Jin Jeong Hyun Jin Song Dong Jin Park Ji Yun Min Jin Seong Jo Bo Min Kim Hak Gon Kim Yong Duck Kim Ru Mi Kim Chandrakant S. Karigar Myung Suk Choi 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2009,98(1):59-65
An efficient plant regeneration protocol for shoot organogenesis from Hovenia dulcis callus cultures was established. Induction of organogenic callus was achieved on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented
with 4.65 μM kinetin and 4.5 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). Further differentiation of organogenic callus into
primordia, shoot-like structures, and plantlets was achieved on MS medium supplemented with 0.23 μM gibberellic acid (GA3) and 0.46 μM kinetin. Numerous abnormal shoots developed upon transfer of callus to MS medium containing cytokinins, and
these failed to grow further into whole plantlets. However, transfer of ‘abnormal’ shoots to a fresh MS medium lacking cytokinins
resulted in growth of normal shoots. Elongated shoots subsequently were rooted in basal MS medium, and whole plantlets were
established in a soil mix. Analysis of regenerated plants using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) confirmed the genetic
stability of these regenerant plantlets. 相似文献
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S. A. Rizwan Rakesh Kumar Arvind Kumar Singh Y. S. Kusuma Kapil Yadav Chandrakant S. Pandav 《PloS one》2014,9(5)