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1.
Cecilie?M?MejdellEmail author Grete?HM?J?rgensen Therese?Rehn Kjersti?Fremstad Linda?Keeling Knut?E?B?e 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2010,52(1):68
Background
The risk of injuries is of major concern when keeping horses in groups and there is a need for a system to record external injuries in a standardised and simple way. The objective of this study, therefore, was to develop and validate a system for injury recording in horses and to test its reliability and feasibility under field conditions.Methods
Injuries were classified into five categories according to severity. The scoring system was tested for intra- and inter-observer agreement as well as agreement with a 'golden standard' (diagnosis established by a veterinarian). The scoring was done by 43 agricultural students who classified 40 photographs presented to them twice in a random order, 10 days apart. Attribute agreement analysis was performed using Kendall's coefficient of concordance (Kendall's W), Kendall's correlation coefficient (Kendall's τ) and Fleiss' kappa. The system was also tested on a sample of 100 horses kept in groups where injury location was recorded as well.Results
Intra-observer agreement showed Kendall's W ranging from 0.94 to 0.99 and 86% of observers had kappa values above 0.66 (substantial agreement). Inter-observer agreement had an overall Kendall's W of 0.91 and the mean kappa value was 0.59 (moderate). Agreement for all observers versus the 'golden standard' had Kendall's τ of 0.88 and the mean kappa value was 0.66 (substantial). The system was easy to use for trained persons under field conditions. Injuries of the more serious categories were not found in the field trial.Conclusion
The proposed injury scoring system is easy to learn and use also for people without a veterinary education, it shows high reliability, and it is clinically useful. The injury scoring system could be a valuable tool in future clinical and epidemiological studies.2.
Lisa Kolden Midtb? Mohammad Madani Ibrahim Lene Secher Myrmel Ulrike Liisberg Aune Anita R?yneberg Alvheim Nina S. Liland Bente E. Torstensen Grethe Rosenlund Bj?rn Liaset Trond Brattelid Karsten Kristiansen Lise Madsen 《PloS one》2013,8(1)
Background
To ensure sustainable aquaculture, fish derived raw materials are replaced by vegetable ingredients. Fatty acid composition and contaminant status of farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) are affected by the use of plant ingredients and a spillover effect on consumers is thus expected. Here we aimed to compare the effects of intake of Atlantic salmon fed fish oil (FO) with intake of Atlantic salmon fed a high proportion of vegetable oils (VOs) on development of insulin resistance and obesity in mice.Methodology/principal findings
Atlantic salmon were fed diets where FO was partly (80%) replaced with three different VOs; rapeseed oil (RO), olive oil (OO) or soy bean oil (SO). Fillets from Atlantic salmon were subsequently used to prepare Western diets (WD) for a mouse feeding trial. Partial replacement of FO with VOs reduced the levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) and dichloro-diphenyl-tricloroethanes (DDT) with more than 50% in salmon fillets, in WDs containing the fillets, and in white adipose tissue from mice consuming the WDs. Replacement with VOs, SO in particular, lowered the n−3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content and increased n−6 PUFA levels in the salmon fillets, in the prepared WDs, and in red blood cells collected from mice consuming the WDs. Replacing FO with VO did not influence obesity development in the mice, but replacement of FO with RO improved glucose tolerance. Compared with WD-FO fed mice, feeding mice WD-SO containing lower PCB and DDT levels but high levels of linoleic acid (LA), exaggerated insulin resistance and increased accumulation of fat in the liver.Conclusion/Significance
Replacement of FO with VOs in aqua feed for farmed salmon had markedly different spillover effects on metabolism in mice. Our results suggest that the content of LA in VOs may be a matter of concern that warrants further investigation. 相似文献3.
Bin Wu Alys Peisley Claire Richards Hui Yao Xiaohui Zeng Cecilie Lin Feixia Chu Thomas Walz Sun Hur 《Cell》2013,152(1-2):276-289
Highlights? MDA5 forms an open, C-shaped ring around the viral dsRNA stem ? The CTD of MDA5 has a different orientation and flexibility compared to RIG-I ? MDA5 forms filaments by stacking monomers head-to-tail with a 70° turn per monomer ? The 2CARD domain assembles into oligomers that activate interferon signaling via MAVS 相似文献
4.
Francisco Gómez Real Laura Pérez Barrionuevo Karl Franklin Eva Lindberg Randi Jacobsen Bertelsen Bryndís Benediktsdóttir Bertil Forsberg Thorarinn Gislason Rain J?gi Ane Johannessen Ernst Omenaas Eirunn Saure Vivi Schlünssen Trude Duelien Skorge Kjell Torén Antonio Pérez Saavedra ?istein Svanes Anne Nordrehaug ?str?m Christer Janson Cecilie Svanes 《PloS one》2016,11(1)
Background
There is little knowledge about how oral and respiratory health is interrelated even though the mucosa of the oral cavity and airways constitutes a continuum and the exposures to these are partly similar.Aims
To investigate whether gum bleeding is related to asthma, respiratory symptoms and self-reported COPD.Methods
A postal questionnaire including questions about respiratory and oral health was sent to general population samples in seven Northern European centres. In 13,409 responders, gum bleeding when brushing teeth was reported always/often by 4% and sometimes by 20%. Logistic regressions accounted for age, smoking, educational level, centre and gender. Effects of BMI, cardio-metabolic diseases, early life factors, gastro-oesophageal reflux, dental hygiene, nasal congestion, and asthma medication were addressed.Results
Gum bleeding always/often was significantly associated with ≥3 asthma symptoms (OR 2.58, 95% CI 2.10–3.18), asthma (1.62 [1.23–2.14]) and self-reported COPD (2.02 [1.28–3.18]). There was a dose-response relationship between respiratory outcomes and gum bleeding frequency (≥3 symptoms: gum bleeding sometimes 1.42 [1.25–1.60], often/always 2.58 [2.10–3.18]), and there was no heterogeneity between centres (pheterogeneity = 0.49). None of the investigated risk factors explained the associations. The observed associations were significantly stronger among current smokers (pinteraction = 0.004).Conclusions
A consistent link between gum bleeding and obstructive airways disease was observed, not explained by common risk factors or metabolic factors. We speculate that oral pathogens might have unfavourable impact on the airways, and that the direct continuity of the mucosa of the oral cavity and the airways reflects a pathway that might provide novel opportunities for interventions. 相似文献5.
Ann Margaret Grøndahl Ellen Margrete Skancke Cecilie Marie Mejdell Johan Høgset Jansen 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2007,49(1):16
Over a period of two years, growth rate and health were measured for dairy calves allowed to suckle their mothers up to 6–8
weeks of age. Thirty-one calves were weighted weekly, and the mean daily growth rate was 1.2 ± 0.03 kg from birth up to 13
weeks of age. Illness in calves and young stock was not observed. In the cows, the mean incidences of ketosis, displaced abomasum,
puerperal paresis, mastitis, teat injury and retained placenta were 0, 0, 8, 22, 1 and 1%, respectively, during a 6-year period.
The mean daily gain of 56 growing bulls was 1.4 kg when slaughtered at 15 months of age, which is higher than the mean daily
gain of 0.95 kg in the population. Probiotics, hormones and vaccines were not used, and antibiotics were only used for treating
illness. The present study indicates many advantages and few problems when dairy calves are penned together with the cows
and allowed natural feeding up to 6–8 weeks of age. This production system was easy to manage, preferred by the farmer, and
may satisfy the public concern regarding the practice of immediate separation of cow and calf in commercial milk production. 相似文献
6.
Einar Lystad Arne T. Høstmark Cecilie Kiserud Aage Haugen 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Animal》1994,30(9):568-573
Summary The protective influence of bovine serum albumin against growth inhibition caused by fatty acids was studied in human hepatoma
(HepG2) and immortalized human kidney epithelial (IHKE) cells. In general, growth inhibition by unsaturated fatty acids (0.15
mmol/liter) increased with increasing number of double bonds. For HepG2 cells crude albumin (1g/100 ml) did not greatly modify growth inhibition by arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic, and docosahexaenoic acid. With oleic,
linoleic, and linolenic acids, crude and defatted albumin stimulated cell growth. In contrast, for IHKE cells both albumins
counteracted growth inhibition by unsaturated fatty acids to approximately the same extent. When HepG2 cells were cultured
in the presence of saturated fatty acids (0.3 mmol/liter), C2, C6, and C8 had no or little inhibitory effect. C10 and C12
inhibited cell growth appreciably, whereas C14, and especially C16, had poor inhibitory effects. Crude albumin counteracted
growth inhibition by all these fatty acids. In contrast, defatted albumin had little or no effect (except against C10 and
C12), and even increased the growth inhibition by C14 and C16. With unsaturated fatty acids there seemed to be an inverse
relationship between cell growth and the concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in media. Vitamin
E abolished growth inhibition (and the increase in TBARS concentration) by unsaturated fatty acids. The complex interaction
between fatty acids and albumins calls for great caution when interpreting data on growth effects. 相似文献
7.
Hanne B. Moeller Cecilia Hvitfeldt Fuglsang Cecilie Nøhr Pedersen Robert A. Fenton 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2018,495(1):157-162
Apical plasma membrane accumulation of the water channel Aquaporin-2 (AQP2) in kidney collecting duct principal cells is critical for body water homeostasis. Posttranslational modification (PTM) of AQP2 is important for regulating AQP2 trafficking. The aim of this study was to determine the role of cholesterol in regulation of AQP2 PTM and in apical plasma membrane targeting of AQP2. Cholesterol depletion from the basolateral plasma membrane of a collecting duct cell line (mpkCCD14) using methyl-beta-cyclodextrin (MBCD) increased AQP2 ubiquitylation. Forskolin, cAMP or dDAVP-mediated AQP2 phosphorylation at Ser269 (pS269-AQP2) was prevented by cholesterol depletion from the basolateral membrane. None of these effects on pS269-AQP2 were observed when cholesterol was depleted from the apical side of cells, or when MBCD was applied subsequent to dDAVP stimulation. Basolateral, but not apical, MBCD application prevented cAMP-induced apical plasma membrane accumulation of AQP2. These studies indicate that manipulation of the cholesterol content of the basolateral plasma membrane interferes with AQP2 PTM and subsequently regulated apical plasma membrane targeting of AQP2. 相似文献
8.
Cecilie S. Svenningsen Tobias Guldberg Frslev Jesper Bladt Lene Bruhn Pedersen Jonas Colling Larsen Rasmus Ejrns Camilla Fljgaard Anders Johannes Hansen Jacob Heilmann-Clausen Robert R. Dunn Anders P. Tttrup 《Biology letters》2021,17(3)
Monitoring insects across space and time is challenging, due to their vast taxonomic and functional diversity. This study demonstrates how nets mounted on rooftops of cars (car nets) and DNA metabarcoding can be applied to sample flying insect richness and diversity across large spatial scales within a limited time period. During June 2018, 365 car net samples were collected by 151 volunteers during two daily time intervals on 218 routes in Denmark. Insect bulk samples were processed with a DNA metabarcoding protocol to estimate taxonomic composition, and the results were compared to known flying insect richness and occurrence data. Insect and hoverfly richness and diversity were assessed across biogeographic regions and dominant land cover types. We detected 15 out of 19 flying insect orders present in Denmark, with high proportions of especially Diptera compared to Danish estimates, and lower insect richness and diversity in urbanized areas. We detected 319 species not known for Denmark and 174 species assessed in the Danish Red List. Our results indicate that the methodology can assess the flying insect fauna at large spatial scales to a wide extent, but may be, like other methods, biased towards certain insect orders. 相似文献
9.
The sub-ice algal community in the Chukchi sea: large- and small-scale patterns of abundance based on images from a remotely operated vehicle 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
William G. Ambrose Jr Cecilie von Quillfeldt Lisa M. Clough Peter V. R. Tilney Terry Tucker 《Polar Biology》2005,28(10):784-795
We examined the sub-ice algal community in the Chukchi Sea during June 1998 using a remotely operated vehicle (ROV). Ice algae
were observed on the under-ice surface at all ten stations (from 70°29′N to 72°26′N; 162°00′W to 153°56′W) and varied in abundance
and distribution from small aggregations limited to depressions in the ice to nets, curtains and strands of Melosira. There was no relationship between percent cover of sub-ice algae and physical factors at the kilometer scale, but at the
scale of individual ice floes the percent cover of sub-ice algae was positively correlated with distance from the floe edge
and negatively correlated with snow depth. A significant positive relationship between the concentration of sediment pigments
and percent cover of sub-ice could indicate a coupling between ice algal and benthic systems. Pieces of ice algae that appeared
to be Melosira were observed on the seafloor to a depth of over 100 m and cells or spores of obligate ice algal taxa were collected from
sediments from 44-m to 1,000-m deep. The large biomass of sub-ice algae observed at many stations in the Chukchi Sea and the
presence of ice algae on the seafloor indicates that the distribution and abundance of sub-ice algae needs to be understood
if we are to evaluate the role of ice algae in the Arctic marine ecosystem. 相似文献
10.
Einar Osland Vik-Mo Marta Nyakas Birthe Viftrup Mikkelsen Morten Carstens Moe Paulina Due-Tønnesen Else Marit Inderberg Suso Stein Sæbøe-Larssen Cecilie Sandberg Jan E. Brinchmann Eirik Helseth Anne-Marie Rasmussen Knut Lote Steinar Aamdal Gustav Gaudernack Gunnar Kvalheim Iver A. Langmoen 《Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII》2013,62(9):1499-1509