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1.
Sulfur oxidation by phototrophic bacteria 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
D C Brune 《Biochimica et biophysica acta》1989,975(2):189-221
2.
Aerobic organisms degrade hydroaromatic compounds via the hydroaromatic pathway yielding protocatechuic acid which is further metabolized by oxygenase-mediated ring fission in the 3-oxoadipate pathway. No information exists on anaerobic degradation of hydroaromatics so far. We enriched and isolated from various sources of anoxic sediments several strains of rapidly growing gram-negative bacteria fermenting quinic (1,3,4,5-tetrahydroxy-cyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid) and shikimic acid (3,4,5-trihydroxy-1-cyclohexene-1-carboxylic acid) in the absence of external electron acceptors. Quinic and shikimic acid were the only ones utilized of more than 30 substrates tested. The marine isolates formed acetate, butyrate, and H2, whereas all freshwater strains formed acetate and propionate as typical fermentation products. Aromatic intermediates were not involved in this degradation. Characterization of the isolates, fermentation balances for both hydroaromatic compounds, and enzyme activities involved in one degradation pathway are presented.Abbreviations BV
benzyl viologen (1,1-dibenzyl-4,4-bipyridinium dichloride)
- CoA
coenzyme A
- CTAB
cetyltrimethylammonium bronide
- DCPIP
2,4-dichlorophenolindophenol
- DTT
1,4-dithiotheriol
- MV
methyl viologen (1,1-dimethyl-4,4-bipyridinium dichloride)
- Tricine
N-[tris-(hydroxymethyl)-methyl]-glycine
- Tris
tris-(hydroxymethyl)-aminomethane 相似文献
3.
Chromatophores isolated from the marine phototrophic bacterium Rhodobacter sulfidophilus were found to photoreduce NAD with sulfide as the electron donor. The apparent K
m for sulfide was 370 M and the optimal pH was 7.0. The rate of NAD photoreduction in chromatophore suspensions with sulfide as the electron donor (about 7–12 M/h·mol Bchl) was approximately onetenth the rate of sulfide oxidation in whole cell suspensions. NAD photoreduction was inhibited by rotenone, carbonyl cyanide-m-chlorophenylhydrazone, and antimycin A. Sulfide reduced ubiquinone in the dark when added to anaerobic chromatophore suspensions. These results suggest that electron transport from sulfide to NAD involves an initial dark reduction of ubiquinone followed by reverse electron transport from ubiquinol to NAD mediated by NADH dehydrogenase.Abbreviations Bchl
bacteriochlorophyll
- CCCP
carbonyl cyanide-m-chlorophenylhydrazone
- MOPS
3(N-morpholino)-propane sulfonate
- Uq
ubiquinone 相似文献
4.
Timothy P. Causgrove Daniel C. Brune Robert E. Blankenship John M. Olson 《Photosynthesis research》1990,25(1):1-10
Fluorescence lifetimes have been measured for bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) c isolated from Chlorobium limicola in different states of aggregation in non-polar solvents. Two different homologs of BChl c were used, one with an isobutyl group at the 4 position, the other with n-propyl. Species previously identified as dimers (Olson and Pedersen 1990, Photosynth Res, this issue) decayed with lifetimes of 0.64 ns for the isobutyl homolog, 0.71 ns for n-propyl. Decay-associated spectra indicate that the absorption spectrum of the isobutyl dimer is slightly red-shifted from that of the n-propyl dimer. Aggregates absorbing maximally at 710 nm fluoresced with a principal lifetime of 3.1 ns, independent of the homolog used. In CCl4, only the isobutyl homolog forms a 747-nm absorbing oligomer spectrally similar to BChl c in vivo. This oligomer shows non-exponential fluorescence decay with lifetimes of 67 and 19 ps. Because the two components show different excitation spectra, the higher oligomer is probably a mixture of more than one species, both of which absorb at 747 nm.Abbreviations BChl
bacteriochlorophyll
- Chl
chlorophyll
- % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr% 4rNCHbGeaGGipm0dc9vqaqpepu0xbbG8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq-Jc9% vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0-yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr-x% fr-xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaeq4Xdm2aaW% baaSqabeaacaaIYaaaaaaa!3777!\[\chi ^2 \]
chi-square
- FWHM
full-width at half-maximum 相似文献
5.
Host-cell cyclophilin is important for the intracellular replication of Leishmania major 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A. Hoerauf Ch. Rascher R. Bang A. Pahl W. Solbach K. Brune M. Röllinghoff & H. Bang 《Molecular microbiology》1997,24(2):421-429
The antiparasitic effects of cyclosporin A were examined in leishmanial infection by analysing the role of CsA-binding proteins (cyclophilins) in the host–parasite interaction. We hypothesized that the leishmanicidal effects of CsA on Leishmania major infected macrophages might be mediated through a cyclophilin of either the parasite or the host cell. Two cyclophilins (20 and 22 kDa) were purified from L. major parasites and N-terminally sequenced. Although enzyme activity of these cyclophilins was inhibited by CsA, pretreatment of L. major parasites with CsA did not result in reduction of a subsequent macrophage infection, arguing against a role of L. major cyclophilins as infectivity potentiators. However, host-cell cyclophilin A (CypA) was found to be critically involved in the intracellular replication of L. major parasites in murine macrophages. An antisense oligonucleotide to murine CypA was constructed and added to cultures of peritoneal macrophages prior to infection with L. major parasites. This treatment strongly reduced the expression of CypA in macrophages and resulted in the inhibition of the intracellular replication of L. major amastigotes. These data indicate that interaction of amastigotes with host-cell cyclophilin is an important part of the intracellular replication machinery of L. major and define, for the first time, a direct involvement of a cyclophilin in the survival strategies of an intracellular parasite. 相似文献
6.
Yulin Song Vincent Hervé Renate Radek Fabienne Pfeiffer Hao Zheng Andreas Brune 《Environmental microbiology》2021,23(8):4228-4245
Spirochetes of the genus Treponema are surprisingly abundant in termite guts, where they play an important role in reductive acetogenesis. Although they occur in all termites investigated, their evolutionary origin is obscure. Here, we isolated the first representative of ‘termite gut treponemes’ from cockroaches, the closest relatives of termites. Phylogenomic analysis revealed that Breznakiella homolactica gen. nov. sp. nov. represents the most basal lineage of the highly diverse ‘termite cluster I', a deep-branching sister group of Treponemataceae (fam. ‘Termitinemataceae’) that was present already in the cockroach ancestor of termites and subsequently coevolved with its host. Breznakiella homolactica is obligately anaerobic and catalyses the homolactic fermentation of both hexoses and pentoses. Resting cells produced acetate in the presence of oxygen. Genome analysis revealed the presence of pyruvate oxidase and catalase, and a cryptic potential for the formation of acetate, ethanol, formate, CO2 and H2 - the fermentation products of termite gut isolates. Genes encoding key enzymes of reductive acetogenesis, however, are absent, confirming the hypothesis that the ancestral metabolism of the cluster was fermentative, and that the capacity for acetogenesis from H2 plus CO2 - the most intriguing property among termite gut treponemes - was acquired by lateral gene transfer. 相似文献
7.
8.
9.
Endomicrobium proavitum,the first isolate of Endomicrobia class. nov. (phylum Elusimicrobia) – an ultramicrobacterium with an unusual cell cycle that fixes nitrogen with a Group IV nitrogenase
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Hao Zheng Carsten Dietrich Renate Radek Andreas Brune 《Environmental microbiology》2016,18(1):191-204
10.
Alba?SulajEmail author Johanna?Zemva Ulrike?Zech Annika?Woehning Maik?Brune Gottfried?Rudofsky Peter?P.?Nawroth Thomas?Fleming Rüdiger?von Bauer 《BMC endocrine disorders》2016,16(1):56