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1.
J R López L E Brice?o G Cordovez V Sánchez N Linares 《General physiology and biophysics》1989,8(2):91-98
Carnitine is required for the transport of activated long chain fatty acids through the mitochondrial inner membrane. We measured the intracellular free calcium concentration [( Ca2+]i) by means of a calcium selective microelectrode in skeletal muscle biopsies obtained from nine patients in which myopathic carnitine deficiency (MCD) was diagnosed, and from six subjects with no evidence of neuromuscular disease. Intact intercostal muscle bundles were dissected and then split for electron microscopic studies and electrophysiological measurements. The [Ca2+]i in muscle fibers from MCD patients was 0.46 +/- 0.02 mumol.l-1 (mean +/- SEM) and 0.10 +/- 0.01 mumol.l-1 in control subjects. At the electron microscopic level, the predominant abnormality was the presence of lipid vacuoles between the myofibrils. These results show that in patients with myopathic carnitine deficiency there is a significant increase in the resting myoplasmic calcium concentration which might be related to a malfunction of some mechanisms responsible for the homeostasis of intracellular calcium. 相似文献
2.
We have broadly defined the DNA regions regulating esterase6 activity in
several life stages and tissue types of D. melanogaster using P-
element-mediated transformation of constructs that contain the esterase6
coding region and deletions or substitutions in 5' or 3' flanking DNA.
Hemolymph is a conserved ancestral site of EST6 activity in Drosophila and
the primary sequences regulating its activity lie between -171 and -25 bp
relative to the translation initiation site: deletion of these sequences
decrease activity approximately 20-fold. Hemolymph activity is also
modulated by four other DNA regions, three of which lie 5' and one of which
lies 3' of the coding region. Of these, two have positive and two have
negative effects, each of approximately twofold. Esterase6 activity is
present also in two male reproductive tract tissues; the ejaculatory bulb,
which is another ancestral activity site, and the ejaculatory duct, which
is a recently acquired site within the melanogaster species subgroup.
Activities in these tissues are at least in part independently regulated:
activity in the ejaculatory bulb is conferred by sequences between -273 and
-172 bp (threefold decrease when deleted), while activity in the
ejaculatory duct is conferred by more distal sequences between -844 and
-614 bp (fourfold decrease when deleted). The reproductive tract activity
is further modulated by two additional DNA regions, one in 5' DNA (-613 to
-284 bp; threefold decrease when deleted) and the other in 3' DNA (+1860 to
+2731 bp; threefold decrease when deleted) that probably overlaps the
adjacent esteraseP gene. Collating these data with previous studies
suggests that expression of EST6 in the ancestral sites is mainly regulated
by conserved proximal sequences while more variable distal sequences
regulate expression in the acquired ejaculatory duct site.
相似文献
3.
Litman GW; Rast JP; Shamblott MJ; Haire RN; Hulst M; Roess W; Litman RT; Hinds- Frey KR; Zilch A; Amemiya CT 《Molecular biology and evolution》1993,10(1):60-72
Immunoglobulins are encoded by a large multigene system that undergoes
somatic rearrangement and additional genetic change during the development
of immunoglobulin-producing cells. Inducible antibody and antibody-like
responses are found in all vertebrates. However, immunoglobulin possessing
disulfide-bonded heavy and light chains and domain-type organization has
been described only in representatives of the jawed vertebrates. High
degrees of nucleotide and predicted amino acid sequence identity are
evident when the segmental elements that constitute the immunoglobulin gene
loci in phylogenetically divergent vertebrates are compared. However, the
organization of gene loci and the manner in which the independent elements
recombine (and diversify) vary markedly among different taxa. One striking
pattern of gene organization is the "cluster type" that appears to be
restricted to the chondrichthyes (cartilaginous fishes) and limits
segmental rearrangement to closely linked elements. This type of gene
organization is associated with both heavy- and light-chain gene loci. In
some cases, the clusters are "joined" or "partially joined" in the germ
line, in effect predetermining or partially predetermining, respectively,
the encoded specificities (the assumption being that these are expressed)
of the individual loci. By relating the sequences of transcribed gene
products to their respective germ-line genes, it is evident that, in some
cases, joined-type genes are expressed. This raises a question about the
existence and/or nature of allelic exclusion in these species. The
extensive variation in gene organization found throughout the vertebrate
species may relate directly to the role of intersegmental
(V<==>D<==>J) distances in the commitment of the individual
antibody-producing cell to a particular genetic specificity. Thus, the
evolution of this locus, perhaps more so than that of others, may reflect
the interrelationships between genetic organization and function.
相似文献
4.
Rosalie J. Harris Callum Bryant Melinda A. Coleman Andrea Leigh Verónica F. Briceño Pieter A. Arnold Adrienne B. Nicotra 《Journal of phycology》2023,59(1):179-192
Foundation seaweed species are experiencing widespread declines and localized extinctions due to increased instability of sea surface temperature. Characterizing temperature thresholds are useful for predicting patterns of change and identifying species most vulnerable to extremes. Existing methods for characterizing seaweed thermal tolerance produce diverse metrics and are often time-consuming, making comparisons between species and techniques difficult, hindering insight into global patterns of change. Using three kelp species, we adapted a high-throughput method – previously used in terrestrial plant thermal biology – for use on kelps. This method employs temperature-dependent fluorescence (T–F0) curves under heating or cooling regimes to determine the critical temperature (Tcrit) of photosystem II (PSII), i.e., the breakpoint between slow and fast rise fluorescence response to changing temperature, enabling rapid assays of photosynthetic thermal tolerance using a standardized metric. This method enables characterization of Tcrit for up to 48 samples per two-hour assay, demonstrating the capacity of T–F0 curves for high-throughput assays of thermal tolerance. Temperature-dependent fluorescence curves and their derived metric, Tcrit, may offer a timely and powerful new method for the field of phycology, enabling characterization and comparison of photosynthetic thermal tolerance of seaweeds across many populations, species, and biomes. 相似文献
5.
Brice Maxime Nkouayeb Nangmou Hermine Laure Maza Djomkam Georges Bellier Tabekoueng Willifred Dongmo Tékapi Tsopgni Gabin Thierry Mbahbou Bitchagno Michel Arnaud Mbock Raceline Gounoue Kamkumo Marcel Frese Bruno Ndjakou Lenta Silvère Augustin Ngouela Nobert Sewald Anatole Guy Blaise Azebaze 《化学与生物多样性》2023,20(4):e202200271
The root extract of Nauclea xanthoxylon (A.Chev.) Aubrév. displayed significant 50 % inhibition concentration (IC50s) of 0.57 and 1.26 μg/mL against chloroquine resistant and sensitive Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) Dd2 and 3D7 strains, respectively. Bio-guided fractionation led to an ethyl acetate fraction with IC50s of 2.68 and 1.85 μg/mL and subsequently, to the new quinovic acid saponin named xanthoxyloside ( 1 ) with IC50s of 0.33 and 1.30 μM, respectively against the tested strains. Further compounds obtained from ethyl acetate and hexane fractions were the known clethric acid ( 2 ), ursolic acid ( 3 ), quafrinoic acid ( 4 ), quinovic acid ( 5 ), quinovic acid 3-O-β-D-fucopyranoside ( 6 ), oleanolic acid ( 7 ), oleanolic acid 3-acetate ( 8 ), friedelin ( 9 ), β-sitosterol ( 10a ), stigmasterol ( 10b ) and stigmasterol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside ( 11 ). Their structures were characterised with the aid of comprehensive spectroscopic methods (1 and 2D NMR, Mass). Bio-assays were performed using nucleic acid gel stain (SYBR green I)-based fluorescence assay with chloroquine as reference. Extracts and compounds exhibited good selectivity indices (SIs) of >10. Significant antiplasmodial activities measured for the crude extract, the ethyl acetate fraction and xanthoxyloside ( 1 ) from that fraction can justify the use of the root of N. xanthoxylon in ethnomedicine to treat malaria. 相似文献
6.
Isolation of Histoplasma capsulatum from an oil bird (steatornis caripensis) cave in Venezuela 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Summary 1.Histoplasma capsulatum was recovered from two of fifteen soil specimens collected in a Venezuelan cave. This cave, located near Caripe in the state of Monagas, harbors a large colony of the oil bird,Steatornis caripensis.2. This finding confirms the previous discovery in Tingo Maria, Peru, of the association ofH. capsulatum with oil birds.3. The relationship ofH. capsulatum with animal habitats is discussed along with the public health importance of this association.
Zusammenfassung 1.Histoplasma capsulatum ist in zwei Bodenproben aus fünfzehn, die einer Höhle in Venezuela entnommen wurden, gefunden worden. Diese Höhle, die sich in der Nähe von Caripe, im Staate Monagas befindet, herbergt eine grosse Kolonie von Fettvögeln,Steatornis caripensis.2. Dieser Befund bestätigt die Vergesellschaftung vonH. capsulatum mit den Fettvögeln, wie es vorher bereits in Tingo Maria, Peru, entdeckt worden ist.3. Die Beziehung vonH. capsulatum zum tierischen Habitat wird diskutiert unter Betonung der Wichtigkeit dieser Vergesellschaftung vom Standpunkte des öffentlichen Gesundheitswesens.相似文献
7.
Nathalie Doerflinger Catherine Linder Karim Ouahchi Gabor Gyapay Jean Weissenbach Denis Le Paslier Philippe Rigault Samir Belal Christiane Ben Hamida Faycal Hentati Mongi Ben Hamida Massimo Pandolfo Stephano DiDonato Ronald Sokol Herbert Kayden Pierre Landrieu Alexandra Durr Alexis Brice Fran?oise Goutières Alfried Kohlschütter Pascal Sabouraud Ali Benomar Mohamed Yahyaoui Jean-Louis Mandel Michel Koenig 《American journal of human genetics》1995,56(5):1116-1124
Ataxia with vitamin E deficiency (AVED) is an autosomal recessive disease characterized clinically by neurological symptoms with often striking resemblance to those of Friedreich ataxia. This disorder has been reported previously as familial isolated vitamin E deficiency. We have mapped recently the AVED locus to a 5-cM confidence interval on chromosome 8q by homozygosity mapping in six Mediterranean families. We have now analyzed six new and two previously described families and demonstrate genetic homogeneity despite important clinical variability and wide geographic origins. Analysis of nine new tightly linked microsatellite markers, including four characterized in this study, revealed a predominant but not unique mutation in northern African populations, where this condition is more frequent. Haplotype analysis but also classical recombinations allowed us to refine the AVED position to a 1-cM interval. A YAC contig over this interval was constructed from marker STSs and YAC fingerprint data, in order to facilitate the search of the AVED gene. 相似文献
8.
9.
A lot of Stringocephalidae have been discovered,for the first time, in the Givetian of Afghanistan. Among these we have identified: Stringocephalus aff. burtini (Defrance)), St. (Parastringocephalus) dewalense n. sp., Rensselandia aff. circularis (Holzapfel)). The locality is situated in Hazarajat, in a Devonian sequence which is more than one thousand meters thick and the age of which ranges from Gedinnian (probable) to Frasnian. 相似文献
10.
1. The relationship between chain composition and the efficiency of respiration-linked proton translocation was studied in nine bacterial species of widely differing taxonomic and ecological status. 2. All the bacteria investigated contained respiratory chain dehydrogenases, ubiquinone and/or menaquinone, cytochrome b and cytochrome oxidase aa3 and/or o. In addition, some of these organisms also contained pyridine nucleotide transhydrogenase and/or cytochrome c. 3. leads to H+/O ratios of whole cell suspensions oxidising endogenous substrates were in the approximate range 4-8 mol H+ translocated per g-atom oxygen consumed. It was concluded from the observed leads to H+/O ratios of cells loaded with specific substrates that proton-translocating loops 1 and 2 were present in all of the organisms investigated, but that loops 0 and 3 were dependent upon the presence of pyridine nucleotide transhydrogenase and cytochrome c respectively. 4. The wide range in energy conservation efficiency which was observed in these organisms is discussed in relation to their respiratory chain composition and natural habitat. 相似文献