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排序方式: 共有260条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
A Volbeda M C Feiters M G Vincent E Bouwman B Dobson K H Kalk J Reedijk W G Hol 《European journal of biochemistry》1989,181(3):669-673
Single-crystal ultraviolet spectroscopy, X-ray absorption spectroscopy and EPR measurements have been used to examine the oxidation and oxygenation state of the dinuclear copper site of several types of hemocyanin crystals. The crystals contain Panulirus interruptus hemocyanin which forms hexameric molecules with a molecular mass of approximately 470 kDa. Three types of crystals have been investigated. Type-I monoclinic crystals, which have been used for the X-ray structure determination, contain virtually only deoxyhemocyanin. Type-II monoclinic crystals, which are less well ordered than the type-I crystals, contain a mixture of deoxy, oxy and met forms. Older crystals contain relatively more methemocyanin. A third, hexagonal, crystal form is also partially oxygenated, and, like the type-II monoclinic form, subject to gradual conversion to methemocyanin. 相似文献
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C Crone J Frokjaer-Jensen JJ Friedman O Christensen 《The Journal of general physiology》1978,71(2):195-220
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Sanne P. M. Verhoef Stefan G. J. A. Camps Freek G. Bouwman Edwin C. M. Mariman Klaas R. Westerterp 《PloS one》2013,8(3)
Background
Metabolic processes in adipose tissue are dysregulated in obese subjects and, in response to weight loss, either normalize or change in favor of weight regain.Objective
To determine changes in adipocyte glucose and fatty acid metabolism in relation to changes in adipocyte size during weight loss and maintenance.Methods
Twenty-eight healthy subjects (12 males), age 20–50 y, and BMI 28–35 kg/m2, followed a very low energy diet for 2 months, followed by a 10-month period of weight maintenance. Body weight, body composition (deuterium dilution and BodPod), protein levels (Western blot) and adipocyte size were assessed prior to and after weight loss and after the 10-month follow-up.Results
A 10% weight loss resulted in a 16% decrease in adipocyte size. A marker for glycolysis decreased (AldoC) during weight loss in association with adipocyte shrinking, and remained decreased during follow-up in association with weight maintenance. A marker for fatty acid transport increased (FABP4) during weight loss and remained increased during follow-up. Markers for mitochondrial beta-oxidation (HADHsc) and lipolysis (ATGL) were only increased after the 10-month follow-up. During weight loss HADHsc and ATGL were coordinately regulated, which became weaker during follow-up due to adipocyte size-related changes in HADHsc expression. AldoC was the major denominator of adipocyte size and body weight, whereas changes in ATGL during weight loss contributed to body weight during follow-up. Upregulation of ATGL and HADHsc occured in the absence of a negative energy balance and was triggered by adipocyte shrinkage or indicated preadipocyte differentiation.Conclusion
Markers for adipocyte glucose and fatty acid metabolism are changed in response to weight loss in line with normalization from a dysregulated obese status to an improved metabolic status.Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01015508相似文献9.
David Fowler Mhairi Coyle Ute Skiba Mark A. Sutton J. Neil Cape Stefan Reis Lucy J. Sheppard Alan Jenkins Bruna Grizzetti James N. Galloway Peter Vitousek Allison Leach Alexander F. Bouwman Klaus Butterbach-Bahl Frank Dentener David Stevenson Marcus Amann Maren Voss 《Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences》2013,368(1621)
Global nitrogen fixation contributes 413 Tg of reactive nitrogen (Nr) to terrestrial and marine ecosystems annually of which anthropogenic activities are responsible for half, 210 Tg N. The majority of the transformations of anthropogenic Nr are on land (240 Tg N yr−1) within soils and vegetation where reduced Nr contributes most of the input through the use of fertilizer nitrogen in agriculture. Leakages from the use of fertilizer Nr contribute to nitrate (NO3−) in drainage waters from agricultural land and emissions of trace Nr compounds to the atmosphere. Emissions, mainly of ammonia (NH3) from land together with combustion related emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx), contribute 100 Tg N yr−1 to the atmosphere, which are transported between countries and processed within the atmosphere, generating secondary pollutants, including ozone and other photochemical oxidants and aerosols, especially ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) and ammonium sulfate (NH4)2SO4. Leaching and riverine transport of NO3 contribute 40–70 Tg N yr−1 to coastal waters and the open ocean, which together with the 30 Tg input to oceans from atmospheric deposition combine with marine biological nitrogen fixation (140 Tg N yr−1) to double the ocean processing of Nr. Some of the marine Nr is buried in sediments, the remainder being denitrified back to the atmosphere as N2 or N2O. The marine processing is of a similar magnitude to that in terrestrial soils and vegetation, but has a larger fraction of natural origin. The lifetime of Nr in the atmosphere, with the exception of N2O, is only a few weeks, while in terrestrial ecosystems, with the exception of peatlands (where it can be 102–103 years), the lifetime is a few decades. In the ocean, the lifetime of Nr is less well known but seems to be longer than in terrestrial ecosystems and may represent an important long-term source of N2O that will respond very slowly to control measures on the sources of Nr from which it is produced. 相似文献
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Distribution and budget of dissolved and biogenic silica in the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Jun Liu Jiaye Zang Lex Bouwman Sen Liu Zhigang Yu Xiangbin Ran 《Biogeochemistry》2016,130(1-2):85-101