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排序方式: 共有118条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
The glucagon-like peptide-2 receptor mediates direct inhibition of cellular apoptosis via a cAMP-dependent protein kinase-independent pathway 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
Glucagon and the glucagon-like peptides regulate metabolic functions via signaling through a glucagon receptor subfamily of G protein-coupled receptors. Activation of glucagon-like peptide-2 receptor (GLP-2R) signaling maintains the integrity of the intestinal epithelial mucosa via regulation of crypt cell proliferation. Because GLP-2 decreases mortality and reduces intestinal apoptosis in rodents after experimental injury, we examined whether GLP-2R signaling directly modifies the cellular response to external injury. We show here that activation of GLP-2R signaling inhibits cycloheximide-induced apoptosis in baby hamster kidney fibroblasts expressing a transfected GLP-2 receptor. GLP-2 reduced DNA fragmentation and improved cell survival, in association with reduced activation of caspase-3 and decreased poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage and reduced caspase-8 and caspase-9-like activities. Both GLP-2 and forskolin reduced mitochondrial cytochrome c release and decreased the cycloheximide-induced cleavage of caspase-3 in the presence or absence of the PKA inhibitor H-89. Similarly, GLP-2 increased cell survival following cycloheximide in the presence of the kinase inhibitors PD98054 and LY294002. These findings provide evidence that signaling through G protein-coupled receptors of the glucagon superfamily is directly linked to regulation of apoptosis and suggest the existence of a cAMP-dependent protein kinase-, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-, and mitogen-activated protein kinase-independent pathway coupling GLP-2R signaling to caspase inhibition and cell survival. 相似文献
2.
CJ Cooksey 《Biotechnic & histochemistry》2014,89(5):384-387
The history, origin, identity, chemistry and uses of Congo red are described. Originally patented in 1884, Congo red soon found applications in dyeing cotton, as a pH indicator for chemists and as a biological stain. Unlike the majority of the 19th century synthetic dyes, it still is available commercially. 相似文献
3.
Lipoteichoic acid is an important microbe-associated molecular pattern of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG
Claes Ingmar JJ Segers Marijke E Verhoeven Tine LA Dusselier Michiel Sels Bert F De Keersmaecker Sigrid CJ Vanderleyden Jos Lebeer Sarah 《Microbial cell factories》2012,11(1):1-8
Background
Receptors with a single transmembrane (TM) domain are essential for the signal transduction across the cell membrane. NMR spectroscopy is a powerful tool to study structure of the single TM domain. The expression and purification of a TM domain in Escherichia coli (E.coli) is challenging due to its small molecular weight. Although ketosteroid isomerase (KSI) is a commonly used affinity tag for expression and purification of short peptides, KSI tag needs to be removed with the toxic reagent cyanogen bromide (CNBr).Result
The purification of the TM domain of p75 neurotrophin receptor using a KSI tag with the introduction of a thrombin cleavage site is described herein. The recombinant fusion protein was refolded into micelles and was cleaved with thrombin. Studies showed that purified protein could be used for structural study using NMR spectroscopy.Conclusions
These results provide another strategy for obtaining a single TM domain for structural studies without using toxic chemical digestion or acid to remove the fusion tag. The purified TM domain of p75 neurotrophin receptor will be useful for structural studies. 相似文献4.
The results described in the accompanying article support the model inwhich glucosylphosphoryldolichol (Glc-P-Dol) is synthesized on thecytoplasmic face of the ER, and functions as a glucosyl donor for threeGlc-P-Dol:Glc0-2Man9-GlcNAc2-P-P-Dol glucosyltransferases (GlcTases) in thelumenal compartment. In this study, the enzymatic synthesis and structuralcharacterization by NMR and electrospray-ionization tandem massspectrometry of a series of water-soluble beta-Glc-P-Dol analogs containing2-4 isoprene units with either the cis - or trans - stereoconfiguration inthe beta-position are described. The water- soluble analogs were (1) usedto examine the stereospecificity of the Glc-P-Dol:Glc0-2Man9GlcNAc2-P-P-Dolglucosyltransferases (GlcTases) and (2) tested as potential substrates fora membrane protein(s) mediating the transbilayer movement of Glc-P-Dol insealed ER vesicles from rat liver and pig brain. The Glc-P-Dol-mediatedGlcTases in pig brain microsomes utilized [3H]Glc-labeled Glc-P-Dol10,Glc-P-(omega, c )Dol15, Glc-P(omega, t,t )Dol20, and Glc-P-(omega, t,c)Dol20as glucosyl donors with [3H]Glc3Man9GlcNAc2-P-P-Dol the major productlabeled in vitro. A preference was exhibited for C15-20 substratescontaining an internal cis -isoprene unit in the beta-position. Inaddition, the water-soluble analog, Glc-P-Dol10, was shown to enter thelumenal compartment of sealed microsomal vesicles from rat liver and pigbrain via a protein-mediated transport system enriched in the ER. Theproperties of the ER transport system have been characterized. Glc-P-Dol10was not transported into or adsorbed by synthetic PC-liposomes orbovine erythrocytes. The results of these studies indicate that (1) theinternal cis -isoprene units are important for the utilization of Glc-P-Dolas a glucosyl donor and (2) the transport of the water- soluble analog mayprovide an experimental approach to assay the hypothetical \"flippase\"proposed to mediate the transbilayer movement of Glc-P-Dol from thecytoplasmic face of the ER to the lumenal monolayer. 相似文献
5.
CJ Cooksey 《Biotechnic & histochemistry》2016,91(1):71-76
Rhodamines were first produced in the late 19th century, when they constituted a new class of synthetic dyes. These compounds since have been used to color many things including cosmetics, inks, textiles, and in some countries, food products. Certain rhodamine dyes also have been used to stain biological specimens and currently are widely used as fluorescent probes for mitochondria in living cells. The early history and current biological applications are sketched briefly and an account of the ambiguities, complications and confusions concerning dye identification and nomenclature are discussed. 相似文献
6.
Background
OMA is a project that aims to identify orthologs within publicly available, complete genomes. With 657 genomes analyzed to date, OMA is one of the largest projects of its kind. 相似文献7.
van Gool CJ van Houwelingen AC Hornstra G 《The Journal of nutritional biochemistry》2000,11(11-12):543-547
Phenylketonuric patients are on a special diet that lacks certain essential fatty acids. This study evaluates the essential fatty acid status of a group of phenylketonuric patients in the Netherlands undergoing dietary treatment. To this end, the essential fatty acid status of nine phenylketonuria patients was studied. On the basis of age and gender, two control subjects were selected for each patient. The essential fatty acid composition of duplicate food portions and the essential fatty acid status of plasma and erythrocytes were analyzed. Phenylketonuria subjects had a different essential fatty acid profile from their peers, especially concerning the n-3 fatty acids. N-6 and n-3 fatty long-chain polyenes were hardly consumed by phenylketonuria subjects, in contrast to the control subjects. Linoleic acid, on the other hand, was consumed in significantly higher amounts by phenylketonuria subjects and made up about 40% of their daily fat consumption. The essential fatty acid consumption pattern of the phenylketonuria subjects is mirrored by the essential fatty acid concentrations in blood. The essential fatty acid status of the phenylketonuric diet should be improved in order to prevent deficiency in n-3 fatty acids. 相似文献
8.
CJ Cooksey 《Biotechnic & histochemistry》2016,91(6):438-444
Malachite green was discovered independently by two researchers in Germany in the 19th century and found immediate employment as a dye and a pigment. Subsequently, other uses, such as staining biological specimens, emerged. A much later application was the control of fungal and protozoan infections in fish, for which the dye remains popular, although illegal in many countries owing to a variety of toxicity problems. In solution, malachite green can exist as five different species depending on the pH. The location of the positive charge of the colored cation on a carbon atom or a nitrogen atom is still debated. The original names of this dye, and their origins, are briefly surveyed. 相似文献
9.
Ben C Collins Ludovic CJ Gillet Lorenz C Blum Lin‐Yang Cheng Olga Vitek Jeppe Mouritsen Genevieve Lachance Tim D Spector Emmanouil T Dermitzakis Ruedi Aebersold 《Molecular systems biology》2015,11(2)
The degree and the origins of quantitative variability of most human plasma proteins are largely unknown. Because the twin study design provides a natural opportunity to estimate the relative contribution of heritability and environment to different traits in human population, we applied here the highly accurate and reproducible SWATH mass spectrometry technique to quantify 1,904 peptides defining 342 unique plasma proteins in 232 plasma samples collected longitudinally from pairs of monozygotic and dizygotic twins at intervals of 2–7 years, and proportioned the observed total quantitative variability to its root causes, genes, and environmental and longitudinal factors. The data indicate that different proteins show vastly different patterns of abundance variability among humans and that genetic control and longitudinal variation affect protein levels and biological processes to different degrees. The data further strongly suggest that the plasma concentrations of clinical biomarkers need to be calibrated against genetic and temporal factors. Moreover, we identified 13 cis‐SNPs significantly influencing the level of specific plasma proteins. These results therefore have immediate implications for the effective design of blood‐based biomarker studies. 相似文献
10.
Nadine?AME?van der BeekEmail author Juna?M?de Vries Marloes?LC?Hagemans Wim?CJ?Hop Marian?A?Kroos John?HJ?Wokke Marianne?de Visser Baziel?GM?van Engelen Jan?BM?Kuks Anneke?J?van der Kooi Nicolette?C?Notermans Karin?G?Faber Jan?JGM?Verschuuren Arnold?JJ?Reuser Ans?T?van der Ploeg Pieter?A?van Doorn 《Orphanet journal of rare diseases》2012,7(1):88