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1.
Martin W. Ganal Meredith W. Bonierbale Marion S. Roeder William D. Park Steven D. Tanksley 《Molecular & general genetics : MGG》1991,225(3):501-509
Summary Genes for the major storage protein of potato, patatin, have been mapped genetically and physically in both the potato and tomato genomes. In potato, all patatin genes detected by the cDNA clone pGM01 map to a single locus at the end of the long arm of chromosome 8. By means of pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) it was possible further to delimit this locus, containing 10–15 copies of the gene, to a maximum size of 1.4 million base pairs. Hybridizations with class-specific clones suggest that the locus is at least partially divided into domains containing the two major types of patatin genes, class I and II. In tomato, patatin-homologous sequences were found to reside at the orthologous locus at the end of chromosome 8. The approximately three copies in tomato were localized by PFGE to a single fragment of 300 kilobases. Whereas the class II-specific 5 promoter sequences reside in tomato at the same locus as the coding sequences, the single class I-specific copy of the 5 promoter sequences was localized on chromosome 3 with no coding sequence attached to it. A clone from this chromosome 3 locus of tomato was isolated and by restriction fragment length polymorphism mapping it could be further shown that a similar class I-specific sequence also exists on chromosome 3 of potato. As in tomato, this copy on chromosome 3 is not linked to a coding sequence for patatin. The results are discussed with respect to genome evolution and PFGE analysis of complex gene families. 相似文献
2.
C. Gebhardt E. Ritter A. Barone T. Debener B. Walkemeier U. Schachtschabel H. Kaufmann R. D. Thompson M. W. Bonierbale M. W. Ganal S. D. Tanksley F. Salamini 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1991,83(1):49-57
Summary An RFLP linkage map of the potato is presented which comprises 304 loci derived from 230 DNA probes and one morphological marker (tuber skin color). The self-incompatibility locus of potato was mapped to chromosome I, which is homoeologous to tomato chromosome I. By mapping chromosome-specific tomato RFLP markers in potato and, vice versa, potato markers in tomato, the different potato and tomato RFLP maps were aligned to each other and the similarity of the potato and tomato genome was confirmed. The numbers given to the 12 potato chromosomes are now in accordance with the established tomato nomenclature. Comparisons between potato RFLP maps derived from different genetic backgrounds revealed conservation of marker order but differences in chromosome and total map length. In particular, significant reduction of map length was observed in interspecific compared to intraspecific crosses. The distribution of regions with distorted segregation ratios in the genome was analyzed for four potato parents. The most prominent distortion of recombination was found to be caused by the self-incompatibility locus. 相似文献
3.
The informativeness and inheritance of randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were investigated in an intraspecific F1 progeny derived from two heterozygous parents. The analysis confirmed the utility of RAPD markers for comparing candidate parents for the development of a molecular genetic map, and provided numerous markers for linkage analysis in a crop with a very limited history of classical or molecular genetic studies. Six potential parental lines (themselves F1 hybrid clones) showed between 1.82 and 0.62 segregating bands per primer in three hybrid families. Forty-three percent (309) of 722 primers produced polymorphic products in the most informative of these three crosses, revealing 328 single-dose (SD) markers segregating 1:1 for presence/absence in a progeny of 90 individuals. A second class of informative markers were those present in both parents but segregating in the progeny. Fifty-seven or 67% of the monomorphic but segregating markers exhibited the 3:1 ratio expected for SD dominant markers in a cross between heterozygotes. Linkage groups were constructed from the segregation of SD RAPD markers originating in the female (TMS 30572) and the male (CM2177-2) parent. Key words : RAPDs, molecular markers, genetic segregation, Manihot, single-dose markers. 相似文献
4.
QTL analysis of trichome-mediated insect resistance in potato 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
M. W. Bonierbale R. L. Plaisted O. Pineda S. D. Tanksley 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1994,87(8):973-987
Genetic mapping of several components of a complex type of insect resistance has been undertaken as a means toward more efficient use of the valuable characteristics of a wild relative of potato. RFLP maps constructed on interspecific diploid progenies of Solanum tuberosum × S. berthaultii were used in conjunction with morphological, biochemical and biological phenotyping to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) contributing to trichome-mediated insect resistance. By superimposing QTL data for a wide range of phenotypes including biochemical assays, correlative and direct screens for insect resistance, and adaptation to the target environment on the genetic maps, we have addressed the organization, action and interaction of genes controlling the resistance mechanism. The outcome contributes to an understanding of the association between component traits and between desirable and undesirable features of the donor species generated in an applied breeding program. Research is proceeding toward the development of selectable markers for the introgression and transfer of this resistance among potato gene pools. 相似文献
5.
A test of the maximum heterozygosity hypothesis using molecular markers in tetraploid potatoes 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
M. W. Bonierbale R. L. Plaisted S. D. Tanksley 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1993,86(4):481-491
It has been theorized that in cross-pollinated polyploid species hybrid vigor is maximized by the frequent occurrence of more than two alleles per chromosomal locus. In polyploid crops this condition of maximum heterozygosity has been reported to be associated with increased yield and optimum field performance. We report herein the first direct test of the maximum heterozygosity hypothesis. Molecular markers were used to examine the association between maximum heterozygosity and several components of yield in three different populations of tetraploid potatoes. The results indicate that the value of maximum heterozygosity is not universal but dependent on the genetic background of the material under evaluation. In a cross between adapted breeding lines, homozygosity was negatively correlated with tuber yield, and maximum heterozygosity was positively correlated with the proportion of tuber yield in the large-size fraction. In contrast, in crosses between adapted and unadapted parents, maximum heterozygosity had no detectable effect on any character. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis of the three populations reveals that, regardless of the genetic background, additive genetic effects are more strongly correlated with the components of yield than are any measures of heterozygosity and that some common QTLs may be influencing yield in all three populations. 相似文献
6.
High Density Molecular Linkage Maps of the Tomato and Potato Genomes 总被引:57,自引:0,他引:57
S. D. Tanksley M. W. Ganal J. P. Prince M. C. de-Vicente M. W. Bonierbale P. Broun T. M. Fulton J. J. Giovannoni S. Grandillo G. B. Martin R. Messeguer J. C. Miller L. Miller A. H. Paterson O. Pineda M. S. Roder R. A. Wing W. Wu N. D. Young 《Genetics》1992,132(4):1141-1160
High density molecular linkage maps, comprised of more than 1000 markers with an average spacing between markers of approximately 1.2 cM (ca. 900 kb), have been constructed for the tomato and potato genomes. As the two maps are based on a common set of probes, it was possible to determine, with a high degree of precision, the breakpoints corresponding to 5 chromosomal inversions that differentiate the tomato and potato genomes. All of the inversions appear to have resulted from single breakpoints at or near the centromeres of the affected chromosomes, the result being the inversion of entire chromosome arms. While the crossing over rate among chromosomes appears to be uniformly distributed with respect to chromosome size, there is tremendous heterogeneity of crossing over within chromosomes. Regions of the map corresponding to centromeres and centromeric heterochromatin, and in some instances telomeres, experience up to 10-fold less recombination than other areas of the genome. Overall, 28% of the mapped loci reside in areas of putatively suppressed recombination. This includes loci corresponding to both random, single copy genomic clones and transcribed genes (detected with cDNA probes). The extreme heterogeneity of crossing over within chromosomes has both practical and evolutionary implications. Currently tomato and potato are among the most thoroughly mapped eukaryotic species and the availability of high density molecular linkage maps should facilitate chromosome walking, quantitative trait mapping, marker-assisted breeding and evolutionary studies in these two important and well studied crop species. 相似文献
7.
David F Ten Cate Jolanda J Luime Nanno Swen Andreas H Gerards Mike H De Jager Natalja M Basoski Johanna MW Hazes Cees J Haagsma Johannes WG Jacobs 《Arthritis research & therapy》2013,15(1):R4
Introduction
Ultrasonography (US) might have an added value to clinical examination in diagnosing early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and assessing remission of RA. We aimed to clarify the added value of US in RA in these situations performing a systematic review.Methods
A systematic literature search was performed for RA, US, diagnosis and remission. Methodological quality was assessed; the wide variability in the design of studies prohibited pooling of results.Results
Six papers on the added value of US diagnosing early RA were found, in which at least bilateral metacarpophalangeal (MCP), wrists and metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joints were scanned. Compared to clinical examination, US was superior with regard to detecting synovitis and predicting progression to persistent arthritis or RA. Eleven papers on assessing remission were identified, in which at least the wrist and the MCP joints of the dominant hand were scanned. Often US detected inflammation in patients clinically in remission, irrespective of the remission criteria used. Power Doppler signs of synovitis predicted X-ray progression and future flare in patients clinically in remission.Conclusions
US appears to have added value to clinical examination for diagnosing of RA when scanning at least MCP, wrist and MTP joints, and, when evaluating remission of RA, scanning at least wrist and MCP joints of the dominant hand. For both purposes primarily power Doppler US might be used since its results are less equivocal than those of greyscale US. 相似文献8.
Interspecific reproductive barriers between sympatric populations of wild tomato species (Solanum section Lycopersicon) 下载免费PDF全文
9.
G. C. Yencho S. P. Kowalski R. S. Kobayashi S. L. Sinden M. W. Bonierbale K. L. Deahl 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1998,97(4):563-574
Glycoalkaloids are quantitatively inherited in Solanum, and in high concentrations they can be toxic to humans. The increased use of wild potato germplasm to improve the pest resistance,
yield, and quality characteristics of cultivated potato may elevate or introduce new, more toxic glycoalkaloids into the cultivated
gene pool. Therefore, it is important to increase our understanding of their inheritance, accumulation, and biosynthesis.
Glycoalkaloids have two basic constituents – a glycosidic grouping and a steroid alkaloid skeleton. Steroid alkaloids are
classified as solanidanes and spirosolanes, of which solanidine and solasodine are, respectively, representatives. RFLP-mapped,
diploid, reciprocal backcross potato progenies involving the parents S. tuberosum and S. berthaultii, which produce solanidine and solasodine, respectively, were analyzed for segregation of the glycoalkaloids solanine, chaconine,
solasodine and solamargine to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for the production of the aglycones solanidine and solasodine.
The F1 clone M200-30 exhibited low to nondetectable levels of solasodine and solanidine, suggesting that expression was controlled
by recessive genes. In a backcross to berthaultii (BCB) and backcross to tuberosum (BCT), several QTLs for the accumulation of solasodine and solanidine were identified. Three QTLs explaining approximately
20% of the variation in solasodine were identified in BCB on chromosomes 4, 6, and 12. Similarly, three QTLs were identified
in BCT on chromosomes 4, 8 and 11, but these accounted for only 10% of the variation observed in solasodine accumulation.
Two QTLs for solanidine were identified in BCT on chromosomes 1 and 4. The QTL located on chromosome 1 was highly significant,
accounting for 17% and 22% of the variation in solanidine accumulation in 1994 and 1995, respectively. This same QTL was also
detected in BCB. The QTLs detected in this study probably represent structural and/or regulatory genes controlling the accumulation
of solasodine and solanidine. Results are discussed in the context of steroid alkaloid accumulation and biosynthesis.
Received: 27 August 1997 / Accepted: 16 March 1998 相似文献
10.
Velásquez AC Mihovilovich E Bonierbale M 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2007,114(6):1051-1058
Major gene inheritance of resistance to Potato leafroll virus (PLRV) was demonstrated in a parthenogenic population derived
from the highly resistant tetraploid andigena landrace, LOP-868. This major gene or chromosome region seems to control a single mechanism for resistance to infection and
virus accumulation in this source. About 149 dihaploid lines segregated in a ratio of 107 resistant to 32 susceptible, fitting
the expected ratio for inheritance of a duplex gene under random chromatid segregation. A tetraploid AFLP map was constructed
using as reference the ultra high density (UHD) map. All AFLP markers associated with PLRV resistance mapped to the same linkage
group. Map position was confirmed by analysis of previously-mapped SSR markers. Rl
adg is located on the upper arm of chromosome V, at 1 cM from its most closely linked AFLP marker, E35M48.192. This marker will be used to develop allele-specific primers
or a pair of flanking PCR-based markers for their use in marker assisted selection. 相似文献