Activity of long chain acyl-CoA synthetase in isolated alveolar type II cells

Fatty-acyl-CoA synthetase activity was determined in rat alveolar type II cells. Compared to whole-lung homogenate, the enzyme specific activity with palmitic acid was 3.6-fold higher in isolated type II alveolar cells. The enzyme in rat alveolar type II cells did not discriminate among various fatty acids, suggesting that supply of fatty acids rather than specificity might be an important factor for their activation in these cells.     

Enucleation of protoplasts derived from suspension cultures of winged bean and from a crown gall cell line ofParthenocissus tricuspidata

Protoplasts derived from suspension cultures of the winged bean and a crown gall lineof Parthenocissus tricuspidata were enucleated by centrifugation on iso-osmotic discontinuous Percoli gradients and on discontinuous sucrose-mannitol density gradients. Enucleation was achieved according to the buoyant density of the protoplasts and preparations of both cytoplasts and miniprotoplasts were recovered. The Percoll gradients gave more satisfactory results than the sucrose-mannitol gradients. Enucleation was increased by raising the centrifugal force from 20 kg to 60 kg. The presence of nuclei was determined by the DNA specific probe 4′6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI). Membrane integrity, as measured by staining with fluorescein diacetate, showed that some 85 % of the cytoplasts were bounded by an intact plasma membrane.     

Dietary and nutritional aspects of fatty acid binding proteins

Information on cytosolic fatty acid binding proteins (FABP) related to dietary and pharmacological manipulations is discussed in terms of FABP function. FABP present in liver, heart, intestinal mucosa and omental fat responds to different diets. A parallel change occurs in tissue levels of FABP and metabolism of fatty acids. It seems FABP might play a role in lipid metabolism by interacting with membrane bound enzymes. The available data also support the argument in favor of FABP involvement in intracellular transport, compartmentalization and channeling of fatty acids.     

Biological, Serological and Coat Protein Properties of a Strain of Turnip Mosaic Virus Causing a Mosaic Disease of Brassica campestris and B. juncea in India

Biological, serological and coat protein properties of a potyvirus (Poty-Rape) causing a mosaic disease of Brassica campestris and B. juncea in India were investigated. The virus readily infected 4 of the 5 plant species in the family Brassicaceae in which it induced severe systemic mosaic symptoms; it also induced chlorotic and necrotic local lesions in Chenopodium amaranticolor , but failed to infect 4 other species of Chenopodiaceae or 20 species of Amaranthaceae, Apiaceae, Canabinaceae, Compositae, Cucurbitaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Leguminosae and Solanaceae. The virus was transmitted in a non-persistant manner by Myzus persicae, Brevicoryne brassicae and Aphis gossypii. The Average size, of the virus particles in a purified preparation was 740 nm × 12 nm. SDS-PAGE analysis of the viral coat protein showed two major bands of approximately 37 kDa and 31 kDa, a pattern very similar to that of a reference isolate of turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) from the U.S. In Western-blot immunoassay, an antiserum to TuMV reacted with both the coat protein bands of the Poty-Rape islate and the reference TuMV, but not with the coat proteins of four other potyviruses. The high performance liquid chromatographic profile of tryptic peptides from the coat protein of Poty-Rape was found to be very similar to that of the reference TuMV, but differed substantially from those of four other potyviruses. The Poty-Rape isolate is considered to be a distinct strain of, TuMV.     

眼小叶蝉属和东半球眼小叶蝉族评述：（头喙亚目,叶蝉科,小叶蝉亚科）

本文首先根据眼小叶蝉族Alebrini讨论翅的命名,接着是眼小叶蝉属Alebra Fieb.和东半球眼小叶蝉族各属的评论。Homa elongata Kato移入属AsialebraDwor.,Shaddai distanti Dwor.是S.typicus Dist.的异名。描述了6个新种,即Sobralacapreola,S.clara,Orientalebra drawidana,Afralebra melichari,A.youngi,A.paolii. 本文引言部分讨论小叶蝉亚科Typhlocybinae翅的形态学,正文为分类部分。 在描述内部构造以及端节、头、和胸部背面时,使用习惯术语。 新种模式标本系列保存于下列博物馆中;正模的保管者在有关描述中最先提到: SMTD——德国得累斯顿,国家动物学博物馆。 BMNH——英国伦敦,英国自然历史博物馆。 USNM——美国华盛顿,美国国家博物馆。 MM——捷克斯洛伐克Brno,Moravian博物馆。     

Analysis of phase stability,elastic, electronic,thermal, and optical properties of Sc1-xYxN via ab initio methods

Journal of Molecular Modeling - The recent advances in the application of machine learning to drug discovery have made it a ‘hot topic’ for research, with hundreds of academic groups...     

Exploring the Therapeutic Properties of Alga-Based Silver Nanoparticles: Anticancer,Antibacterial, and Free Radical Scavenging Capabilities

The current study was designed to evaluate the antioxidant, anticancer and antimicrobial activities of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) biosynthesized by Spirulina platensis extract. The biosynthesized silver nanoparticles were characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The antioxidant activity of the biosynthesized AgNPs were determined via DPPH radical scavenging assay while its anticancer activity was determined using the MTT assay. The antimicrobial activity of the biosynthesized AgNPs were analyzed by disc diffusion method. Spirulina platensis acts as a reducing and capping agent. The efficacy of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in inhibiting the growth of Gram-negative bacteria, specifically Acetobacter, Klebsiella, Proteus vulgaris, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, was assessed by the utilisation of the diffusion method. The study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) against many strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria. The findings of the study revealed that when administered in doses of 50 μl, 75 μl, and 100 μl, the largest observed zone of inhibition corresponded to measurements of 10.5 mm, 14 mm, and 16 mm, respectively. A zone of inhibition with dimensions of 8 mm, 10.5 mm, and 12 mm was detected during testing against Acetobacter at concentrations of 50 μl, 75 μl, and 100 μl, respectively. The findings also indicate that there is a positive correlation between the concentration of AgNP and the DPPH scavenging ability of silver nanoparticles. The percentage of inhibition observed at concentrations of 500 μg/ml, 400 μg/ml, 300 μg/ml, 200 μg/ml, and 100 μg/ml were recorded as 80±1.98, 61±1.98, 52±1.5, 42±1.99, and 36±1.97, respectively. In addition, it was observed that the silver nanoparticles exhibited the greatest antioxidant activity at a concentration of 500 g/ml, with a measured value of 80.89±1.99. The IC-50 values, representing the inhibitory concentration required to achieve 50 % inhibition, were found to be 8.16, 19.15, 30.14, 41.13, and 63.11 at inhibition levels of 36±1.97, 42±1.99, 52±1.5, 61±1.98, and 80±1.98, respectively.     

Effect of taurine on wound healing

Summary Taurine which has antioxidant effects is also known to have effects on cell proliferation, inflammation and collagenogenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of taurine on incisional skin wounds.The mice incised on the dorsal area were divided into control and experimental groups. Saline was injected intraperitoneally to half of the animals in the control group and locally applied to the other half. Fifty mM taurine solution was given intraperitoneally to the first half of the experimental animals and locally to the second half of the experimental group.After four days of treatment, malondialdehyde (MDA) and histamine levels as well as the tensile strength of the wound tissue were measured. Structural alterations in epidermis and dermis were histologically evaluated.The locally administreated taurine significantly increased wound tensile strength by decreasing the MDA and histamine levels and prevented the degranulation of the mast cells. These observations suggest that taurine may be useful on wound healing.