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1.
Dreams are often used to promote religion, or to propagate an interpretation of religion, or to bring political ideas to the fore. A dream can be used as an indication of divine help and thus it is a perfect tool for promoting ideas. Dreams figure in religious propaganda in Christian, Jewish, and Muslim traditions (e.g., in Osama bin Laden's tapes). In classical literature, we find many kings, emperors, or generals who had visions or dreams, especially in association with their accession to power. It is the thesis of this article that in the encounter between Jewish (-Christian) cultures and the Hellenistic world dreams were shared as possible means of divine communication. An important example is the dream in Acts 16,9?10, the most Hellenistic dream of the New Testament. This dream is part of a larger unit, Paul's new move from Asia to Europe. I will try to show that the author of Acts combines here the story of Aeneas (e.g., as told by Virgil) and the story of Jesus, an interesting merging of two cultures. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
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Peter Van Bogaert Lieve Peremans Nadine Diltour Danny Van heusden Tinne Dilles Bart Van Rompaey Donna Sullivan Havens 《PloS one》2016,11(4)
The aim of the study reported in this article was to investigate staff nurses’ perceptions and experiences about structural empowerment and perceptions regarding the extent to which structural empowerment supports safe quality patient care. To address the complex needs of patients, staff nurse involvement in clinical and organizational decision-making processes within interdisciplinary care settings is crucial. A qualitative study was conducted using individual semi-structured interviews of 11 staff nurses assigned to medical or surgical units in a 600-bed university hospital in Belgium. During the study period, the hospital was going through an organizational transformation process to move from a classic hierarchical and departmental organizational structure to one that was flat and interdisciplinary. Staff nurses reported experiencing structural empowerment and they were willing to be involved in decision-making processes primarily about patient care within the context of their practice unit. However, participants were not always fully aware of the challenges and the effect of empowerment on their daily practice, the quality of care and patient safety. Ongoing hospital change initiatives supported staff nurses’ involvement in decision-making processes for certain matters but for some decisions, a classic hierarchical and departmental process still remained. Nurses perceived relatively high work demands and at times viewed empowerment as presenting additional. Staff nurses recognized the opportunities structural empowerment provided within their daily practice. Nurse managers and unit climate were seen as crucial for success while lack of time and perceived work demands were viewed as barriers to empowerment. 相似文献
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Bart A. Nolet Abel Gyimesi Roderick R. D. van Krimpen Willem F. de Boer Richard A. Stillman 《PloS one》2016,11(2)
Predicting the environmental impact of a proposed development is notoriously difficult, especially when future conditions fall outside the current range of conditions. Individual-based approaches have been developed and applied to predict the impact of environmental changes on wintering and staging coastal bird populations. How many birds make use of staging sites is mostly determined by food availability and accessibility, which in the case of many waterbirds in turn is affected by water level. Many water systems are regulated and water levels are maintained at target levels, set by management authorities. We used an individual-based modelling framework (MORPH) to analyse how different target water levels affect the number of migratory Bewick’s swans Cygnus columbianus bewickii staging at a shallow freshwater lake (Lauwersmeer, the Netherlands) in autumn. As an emerging property of the model, we found strong non-linear responses of swan usage to changes in water level, with a sudden drop in peak numbers as well as bird-days with a 0.20 m rise above the current target water level. Such strong non-linear responses are probably common and should be taken into account in environmental impact assessments. 相似文献
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Evelien Wynendaele Frederick Verbeke Sofie Stalmans Bert Gevaert Yorick Janssens Christophe Van De Wiele Kathelijne Peremans Christian Burvenich Bart De Spiegeleer 《PloS one》2015,10(11)
Bacteria communicate with each other by the use of signaling molecules, a process called ‘quorum sensing’. One group of quorum sensing molecules includes the oligopeptides, which are mainly produced by Gram-positive bacteria. Recently, these quorum sensing peptides were found to biologically influence mammalian cells, promoting i.a. metastasis of cancer cells. Moreover, it was found that bacteria can influence different central nervous system related disorders as well, e.g. anxiety, depression and autism. Research currently focuses on the role of bacterial metabolites in this bacteria-brain interaction, with the role of the quorum sensing peptides not yet known. Here, three chemically diverse quorum sensing peptides were investigated for their brain influx (multiple time regression technique) and efflux properties in an in vivo mouse model (ICR-CD-1) to determine blood-brain transfer properties: PhrCACET1 demonstrated comparatively a very high initial influx into the mouse brain (Kin = 20.87 μl/(g×min)), while brain penetrabilities of BIP-2 and PhrANTH2 were found to be low (Kin = 2.68 μl/(g×min)) and very low (Kin = 0.18 μl/(g×min)), respectively. All three quorum sensing peptides were metabolically stable in plasma (in vitro) during the experimental time frame and no significant brain efflux was observed. Initial tissue distribution data showed remarkably high liver accumulation of BIP-2 as well. Our results thus support the potential role of some quorum sensing peptides in different neurological disorders, thereby enlarging our knowledge about the microbiome-brain axis. 相似文献
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Herman van der Kooij Ron Jacobs Bart Koopman Henk Grootenboer 《Biological cybernetics》1999,80(5):299-308
A model is presented to study and quantify the contribution of all available sensory information to human standing based
on optimal estimation theory. In the model, delayed sensory information is integrated in such a way that a best estimate of
body orientation is obtained. The model approach agrees with the present theory of the goal of human balance control. The
model is not based on purely inverted pendulum body dynamics, but rather on a three-link segment model of a standing human
on a movable support base. In addition, the model is non-linear and explicitly addresses the problem of multisensory integration
and neural time delays. A predictive element is included in the controller to compensate for time delays, necessary to maintain
erect body orientation. Model results of sensory perturbations on total body sway closely resemble experimental results. Despite
internal and external perturbations, the controller is able to stabilise the model of an inherently unstable standing human
with neural time delays of 100 ms. It is concluded, that the model is capable of studying and quantifying multisensory integration
in human stance control. We aim to apply the model in (1) the design and development of prostheses and orthoses and (2) the
diagnosis of neurological balance disorders.
Received: 25 August 1997 / Accepted in revised form: 8 December 1998 相似文献
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The interaction in vivo of transferrin and asialotransferrin with liver cells. 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:3 下载免费PDF全文
Rat transferrin or asialotransferrin doubly radiolabelled with 59Fe and 125I was injected into rats. A determination of extrahepatic and hepatic uptake indicated that asialotransferrin delivers a higher fraction of the injected 59Fe to the liver than does transferrin. In order to determine in vivo the intrahepatic recognition sites for transferrin and asialotransferrin, the liver was subfractionated into parenchymal, endothelial and Kupffer cells by a low-temperature cell isolation procedure. High-affinity recognition of transferrin (competed for by an excess of unlabelled transferrin) is exerted by parenchymal cells as well as endothelial and Kupffer cells with a 10-fold higher association (expressed per mg of cell protein) to the latter cell types. In all three cell types iron delivery occurs, as concluded from the increase in cellular 59Fe/125I ratio at prolonged circulation times of transferrin. It can be calculated that parenchymal cells are responsible for 50-60% of the interaction of transferrin with the liver, 20-30% is associated with endothelial cells and about 20% with Kupffer cells. For asialotransferrin a higher fraction of the injected dose becomes associated with parenchymal cells as well as with endothelial and Kupffer cells. Competition experiments in vivo with various sugars indicated that the increased interaction of asialotransferrin with parenchymal cells is specifically inhibited by N-acetylgalactosamine whereas mannan specifically inhibits the increased interaction of asialotransferrin with endothelial and Kupffer cells. Recognition of asialotransferrin by galactose receptors from parenchymal cells or mannose receptors from endothelial and Kupffer cells is coupled to active 59Fe delivery to the cells. It is concluded that, as well as parenchymal cells, liver endothelial and Kupffer cells are also quantitatively important intrahepatic sites for transferrin and asialotransferrin metabolism, an interaction exerted by multiple recognition sites on the various cell types. 相似文献
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