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排序方式: 共有70条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Caroline Ward Lindsay C. Stringer Eleanor Warren‐Thomas Fahmuddin Agus Keith Hamer Nathalie Pettorelli Bambang Hariyadi Jenny Hodgson Winda D. Kartika Jennifer Lucey Colin McClean Neneng L. Nurida Asmadi Saad Jane K. Hill 《Restoration Ecology》2020,28(4):817-827
Ecological restoration is considered to play an important role in mitigating climate change, protecting biodiversity, and preventing environmental degradation. Yet, there are often multiple perspectives on what outcomes restoration should be aiming to achieve, and how we should get to that point. In this study we interview a range of policymakers, academics, and non‐governmental organization (NGO) representatives to explore the range of perspectives on the restoration of Indonesia's tropical peatlands—key global ecosystems that have undergone large‐scale degradation. Thematic analysis suggests that participants agreed about the importance of restoration, but had differing opinions on how effective restoration activities to date have been and what a restored peatland landscape should look like. These results exemplify how ecological restoration can mean different things to different people, but also highlight important areas of consensus for moving forward with peatland restoration strategies. 相似文献
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Agoes Soegianto Ma’dan Haikal Adhim Ahmad Zainuddin Trisnadi Widyaleksono Catur Putranto Bambang Irawan 《Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology》2017,50(2):105-113
This study evaluated the effect of different salinity levels on the physiology of East Java strain tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) by measuring the serum osmolalities (SO), ion levels and hematological parameters. Their SOs above the external medium (hyper-osmotic) at 0 and 5 ppt, becoming iso-osmotic at 10 ppt and hypo-osmotic at 15 ppt. The concentrations of serum Na+, K+, Cl? and Ca2+ in fish acclimated in 0 and 5 ppt were not significantly different. The levels of Na+, Cl– and Ca2+ in fish exposed to 10 and 15 ppt were higher than those in fish acclimated at 0 and 5 ppt. In contrast, the levels of K+ in fish exposed to 10 and 15 ppt were lower than those in fish exposed to 0 and 5 ppt. The levels of red blood cell, hematocrit and hemoglobin of fish exposed to salinity of 0, 5, 10 and 15 ppt were not significantly different. The levels of white blood cell increased significantly at fish exposed to 10 and 15 ppt. These data provide useful information for future reference and farming practice. 相似文献
6.
Yuzuru Hamada Bambang Suryobroto Shunji Goto Suchinda Malaivijitnond 《International journal of primatology》2008,29(5):1271-1294
Long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis fascicularis) are widely distributed in Southeast Asia and are morphologically and genetically (Tosi et al. in International Journal of Primatology 23:161–178, 2002) distinguishable on either side of the Isthmus of Kra (ca. 10.5°N). We compared the somatometry and body color of 15 local populations of long-tailed macaques in Thailand distributed
over areas from 6.5°N to 16.3°N and also a Thai rhesus macaque population at 17.2°N. Limb proportions and body color variation
follow the geographical trend. However, contrary to a previous report, body size does not decrease with latitude in the northern
group and also in the southern (southerly distributed) rhesus macaque. Relative tail length (RTL) and color contrast in yellow
between the back and thigh are the sole traits that distinctively separate the 2 groups: the southern group has a long relative
tail length (RTL >125%) and small color contrast, whereas the northern group has a short RTL (<120%) and large color contrast.
The southern rhesus macaques appear to have somatometric and body color traits that follow the geographical trend in long-tailed
macaques, though they maintain their distinctive species-specific traits of shorter RTL (ca. 55%), shorter relative facial length, and a bipartite body color pattern. Researchers assume that the northern group of long-tailed
macaques and the southern rhesus macaques had undergone partial introgression with each other. Montane refugia present during
the glacial period are localities in which introgression occurred in long-tailed macaques. 相似文献
7.
Morita M Okuno M Susilo ES Setyo BP Martarini D Harnadi L Takemura A 《Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part A, Molecular & integrative physiology》2006,143(3):361-367
Sperm of most fresh water teleosts become motile when released into the hypotonic fresh water environment, but the role of osmolality and Ca2+ on sperm motility is not clear. Osmotic pressure and Ca2+ concentrations increase from fresh water to brackish water. Java carp Puntius javanicus and catfish Clarias batrachus live and reproduce only in fresh water. On the other hand, goby Oxyeleotris marmorata can acclimate and reproduce from fresh water to brackish water. In the present study, sperm motility and trajectory were compared among these three Indonesian endemic species. Sperm of Java carp, goby, and catfish begun to move in the hypotonic condition (< 200 mOsm/kg). However, the response to Ca2+ was different among these teleosts. In the presence of Ca2+, Java carp sperm swam in circular paths and immediately become quiescent, suggesting that Java carp sperm motility is activated in hypotonic aquatic environment without Ca2+. Goby sperm swam straightforward in the presence or absence of Ca2+. Percentages of motile sperm increased in 100-200 mOsm/kg but suppressed by removal of Ca2+. Regarding sperm motility and trajectory, no response was found in catfish sperm. These results suggest that a response to Ca2+ is different among sperm of the three species and suited to their habitat. 相似文献
8.
Suchinda Malaivijitnond Visit Arsaithamkul Hiroyuki Tanaka Porrawee Pomchote Sukanya Jaroenporn Bambang Suryobroto Yuzuru Hamada 《Primates; journal of primatology》2012,53(4):377-389
Based on previous conflicting reports that the two forms of pig-tailed macaque (northern and southern) exist as separate species, subspecies, or forms, and that their boundary zone lies in Thailand, a survey of the distribution range and morphology of pig-tailed macaques in Thailand was conducted during 2003–2010. We first conducted a questionnaire survey. Questionnaires were sent to 7,410 subdistricts throughout Thailand. We then traveled to 72 of the 123 subdistricts reporting the presence of pig-tailed macaques. However, due to a lack of reports of the presence of free-ranging pig-tailed macaques living south of the Isthmus of Kra, a survey of pet pig-tailed macaques was also conducted during 16–24 September 2011. Furthermore, 35 wild northern pig-tailed macaques inhabiting northern Thailand (13°13′N, 101°03′E) were temporarily caught and their morphological characters were measured and then compared to those of the southern form captured from Sumatra, Indonesia. Although largely allopatric, the ranges of the northern and southern pig-tailed macaques in Thailand were found to have a partially sympatric boundary at the Surat Thani–Krabi depression (8–9°30′N). Morphologically, these two forms were very distinctive, with different morphological characters such as the crown patch, the white color of the triangle above the eyes, the red streak at the external rim of the eyes, pelage color, ischial callosity, tail length and carriage, facial height, and limb length in both sexes, and patterns of sex skin swelling and reddening in females. These differences in morphological characters between the northern and southern forms should help settle the problems of their taxonomy. 相似文献
9.
Kieffer TL De Meyer S Bartels DJ Sullivan JC Zhang EZ Tigges A Dierynck I Spanks J Dorrian J Jiang M Adiwijaya B Ghys A Beumont M Kauffman RS Adda N Jacobson IM Sherman KE Zeuzem S Kwong AD Picchio G 《PloS one》2012,7(4):e34372
Background
In patients with genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C infection, telaprevir (TVR) in combination with peginterferon and ribavirin (PR) significantly increased sustained virologic response (SVR) rates compared with PR alone. However, genotypic changes could be observed in TVR-treated patients who did not achieve an SVR.Methods
Population sequence analysis of the NS3•4A region was performed in patients who did not achieve SVR with TVR-based treatment.Results
Resistant variants were observed after treatment with a telaprevir-based regimen in 12% of treatment-naïve patients (ADVANCE; T12PR arm), 6% of prior relapsers, 24% of prior partial responders, and 51% of prior null responder patients (REALIZE, T12PR48 arms). NS3 protease variants V36M, R155K, and V36M+R155K emerged frequently in patients with genotype 1a and V36A, T54A, and A156S/T in patients with genotype 1b. Lower-level resistance to telaprevir was conferred by V36A/M, T54A/S, R155K/T, and A156S variants; and higher-level resistance to telaprevir was conferred by A156T and V36M+R155K variants. Virologic failure during telaprevir treatment was more common in patients with genotype 1a and in prior PR nonresponder patients and was associated with higher-level telaprevir-resistant variants. Relapse was usually associated with wild-type or lower-level resistant variants. After treatment, viral populations were wild-type with a median time of 10 months for genotype 1a and 3 weeks for genotype 1b patients.Conclusions
A consistent, subtype-dependent resistance profile was observed in patients who did not achieve an SVR with telaprevir-based treatment. The primary role of TVR is to inhibit wild-type virus and variants with lower-levels of resistance to telaprevir. The complementary role of PR is to clear any remaining telaprevir-resistant variants, especially higher-level telaprevir-resistant variants. Resistant variants are detectable in most patients who fail to achieve SVR, but their levels decline over time after treatment. 相似文献10.
Emiko Nishi Nami Suzuki-Hashido Takashi Hayakawa Yamato Tsuji Bambang Suryobroto Hiroo Imai 《Primates; journal of primatology》2018,59(6):523-530
For many primates, sweet taste is palatable and is an indicator that the food contains carbohydrates, such as sugars and starches, as energy sources. However, we have found that Asian colobine monkeys (lutungs and langurs) have low sensitivity to various natural sugars. Sweet tastes are recognized when compounds bind to the sweet taste receptor TAS1R2/TAS1R3 in the oral cavity; accordingly, we conducted a functional assay using a heterologous expression system to evaluate the responses of Javan lutung (Trachypithecus auratus) TAS1R2/TAS1R3 to various natural sugars. We found that Javan lutung TAS1R2/TAS1R3 did not respond to natural sugars such as sucrose and maltose. We also conducted a behavioral experiment using the silvery lutung (Trachypithecus cristatus) and Hanuman langur (Semnopithecus entellus) by measuring the consumption of sugar-flavored jellies. Consistent with the functional assay results for TAS1R2/TAS1R3, these Asian colobine monkeys showed no preference for sucrose or maltose jellies. These results demonstrate that sweet taste sensitivity to natural sugars is low in Asian colobine monkeys, and this may be related to the specific feeding habits of colobine monkeys. 相似文献