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INTRODUCTI0NThedifferentiati0nofcelIsalongthemonocyte-macr0phagepathwayandthesig-nalsinvo1vedinthesecel1sacquiringtheabilitytokilltum0rcellsarenotfllllyundersto0d.Wehavebeenstudingamoleculewhichappearst0beanimportantmemberofthecytokinenetworkinvo1vedintheregulati0nmonocyteactivation.ThiscytokinetermedP48wasisolatedfr0mthehllmannullcellleukemiacell1ineReh.IthasbeenpurifiedtohomogeneityandfOundtobedistinctfrominterferongamma,col0nystimulatingfactors(CSFs)andTNFalphaalldbeta[1,2].Func-ti… 相似文献
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Kevin ZL Wu Fay Cooper Timothy D Cummins Luke D Hutchinson Janis Vogt Nicola T Wood Thomas J Macartney Joby Varghese Robert Gourlay David G Campbell James C Smith Gopal P Sapkota 《EMBO reports》2018,19(4)
The BMP and Wnt signalling pathways determine axis specification during embryonic development. Our previous work has shown that PAWS1 (also known as FAM83G) interacts with SMAD1 and modulates BMP signalling. Here, surprisingly, we show that overexpression of PAWS1 in Xenopus embryos activates Wnt signalling and causes complete axis duplication. Consistent with these observations in Xenopus, Wnt signalling is diminished in U2OS osteosarcoma cells lacking PAWS1, while BMP signalling is unaffected. We show that PAWS1 interacts and co‐localises with the α isoform of casein kinase 1 (CK1), and that PAWS1 mutations incapable of binding CK1 fail both to activate Wnt signalling and to elicit axis duplication in Xenopus embryos. 相似文献
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The intermediate filament (IF) synemin gene encodes three IF proteins (H 180, M 150, L 41 kDa) with overlapping distributions.
Synemin M was present early with vimentin and nestin. Synemin H was found later in the nervous system and mesodermic derivatives
concomitantly with angiogenesis and the migration of neural crest cells. Synemin L appeared later in neurons. A series of
in vitro cell cultures were done to identify the linkage between synemin isoforms and specific cell types of the central nervous
system (CNS). The neurons and glia from the brains of humans and rats were cultured and double immunostaining done with antibodies
against the H/M or L synemin isoforms and neural cell types (βIII-tubulin or NeuN) or astrocyte intermediate filaments (GFAP
or vimentin). In neurons of the CNS, synemin H/M were co-expressed with GFAP, vimentin or nestin in glial cells, whereas synemin
L was found in neurons. 相似文献
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Kreiling JA Balantac ZL Crawford AR Ren Y Toure J Zchut S Kochilas L Creton R 《Mechanisms of development》2008,125(5-6):396-410
Vertebrate embryos generate striking Ca2+ patterns, which are unique regulators of dynamic developmental events. In the present study, we used zebrafish embryos as a model system to examine the developmental roles of Ca2+ during gastrulation. We found that gastrula stage embryos maintain a distinct pattern of cytosolic Ca2+ along the dorsal–ventral axis, with higher Ca2+ concentrations in the ventral margin and lower Ca2+ concentrations in the dorsal margin and dorsal forerunner cells. Suppression of the endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ pump with 0.5 μM thapsigargin elevates cytosolic Ca2+ in all embryonic regions and induces a randomization of laterality in the heart and brain. Affected hearts, visualized in living embryos by a subtractive imaging technique, displayed either a reversal or loss of left–right asymmetry. Brain defects include a left–right reversal of pitx2 expression in the dorsal diencephalon and a left–right reversal of the prominent habenular nucleus in the brain. Embryos are sensitive to inhibition of the endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ pump during early and mid gastrulation and lose their sensitivity during late gastrulation and early segmentation. Suppression of the endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ pump during gastrulation inhibits expression of no tail (ntl) and left–right dynein related (lrdr) in the dorsal forerunner cells and affects development of Kupffer’s vesicle, a ciliated organ that generates a counter-clockwise flow of fluid. Previous studies have shown that Ca2+ plays a role in Kupffer’s vesicle function, influencing ciliary motility and translating the vesicle’s counter-clockwise flow into asymmetric patterns of gene expression. The present results suggest that Ca2+ plays an additional role in the formation of Kupffer’s vesicle. 相似文献
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