脂肪酸气相色谱图鉴别方形黄鼠蚤各亚种的初步研究

方形黄鼠蚤４个亚种在脂肪酸组分和百分含量上具有明显不同,其中雌虫在１８个组分上有区别雄虫在１４个组分上有区别。此外,雌虫在Ｃ１６：１和Ｃ２０：０的含量上,雄虫在Ｃ１６：１的含量上,４个亚种之间均具有显著性差异。在Ｃ１２－Ｃ２２区间内有９个含量较高的主要组分,是４个亚种所共有的。方形黄鼠蚤在我国境内分布有４个亚种即松江亚种、蒙古     

Molecular cloning and expression profiles of calreticulin gene from the diamondback moth,Plutella xylostella

Calreticulin (CRT) plays pivotal roles in Ca²⁺ homeostasis, molecular chaperoning, infection, inflammation and innate immunity. In an attempt to study the involvement of CRT in innate immunity, the full-length cDNA of calreticulin (PxCRT) was cloned from the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella. It consists of 1674 bp (excluding poly-A tail) with a longest open reading frame (ORF) of 1197 bp encoding 398 amino acids. In silico analysis of PxCRT ORF reveals that it has various repeat motifs and endoplasmic reticulum retention signal found in all the calreticulin proteins. As expected, high amino acid sequence identities were found from other CRTs identified from Bombyx mori (87%), Galleria mellonella (87%), Apis mellifera (74%), Anopheles gambiae (74%), Tribolium castaneum (73%), Culex quinquefasciatus (73%), Rhodnius prolixus (72%), Nasonia vitripennis (71%), Drosophila melanogaster (71%) and Haemaphysalis qinghaiensis (68%). During development, P. xylostella expressed PxCRT predominantly in the pupal stage. In addition, spatial expression pattern analysis indicates that PxCRT was highly expressed in the silk gland. PxCRT mRNA, furthermore, was strongly induced 3 to 6 h after laminarin treatment, suggesting that PxCRT appears to be involved in immune responses and also plays an important role in the silk gland.     

金鱼PP2A-B′家族δ基因cDNA的克隆及表达分析

通过3′-RACE及5′-RACE技术克隆得到了金鱼蛋白磷酸酶2A（protein phosphatase2A,PP2A）调节亚基B′家族δ（Delta）基因的cDNA全序列.结果显示,金鱼δ基因cDNA全长2415bp,编码一个含555个氨基酸的蛋白.序列分析表明,该基因编码的蛋白与已知其他物种对应的B′家族蛋白质均有着很高的同源性.RT-PCR分析证明,该基因mRNA表达水平在大脑中为最高,肝脏、精巢、卵巢、肾脏和鳃中次之,鳍中最少.在不同胚胎时期中,两细胞期、多细胞期、囊胚期和原肠胚期表达最高,其他时期相对较低.在蛋白水平上,精巢、卵巢、大脑和心脏中最高,肝脏中次之,肾脏、鳃和鳍中最少.在胚胎中,两细胞期、多细胞期、囊胚期、原肠胚期和神经胚期及视原基期表达最高,脑泡分化和眼色素期表达量最少.由此可以推测PP2AB′-δ基因在金鱼不同组织和胚胎发育的不同时期中可能起着多种重要作用.     

利用癌功能类从癌基因组突变谱中识别癌基因

从大规模癌样本基因突变扫查数据中识别癌基因具有重要的意义. 一些重要功能的改变对于癌的发生发展是必需的, 因此将它们定义为癌功能类, 并从GO(Gene Ontology)中选择一组显著富集已知癌基因的细致功能类来代表它们. 为了评价以癌相关功能类作为特征识别癌基因的效果, 将已知的蛋白激酶癌基因定义为阳性金标准, 而将其他的蛋白激酶基因定义为阴性金标准. 结果表明, 与利用选择压力作为特征的方法比较, 利用癌相关功能类作为特征的方法可以更有效地识别癌基因. 进一步结合癌相关功能类与基因非同义突变个数可以产生更可靠的预测结果. 最后, 将46个注释到癌相关功能类并且其非同义突变个数至少为3的蛋白激酶基因预测为癌基因, 预测精确率达到0.42.     

大熊猫DNA序列变异及其遗传多样性研究

测定了来自马边、美姑、越西、宝兴、平武、青川、南坪和白水江等地40只大熊猫336～444bp的线粒体tRNA基因和D环区序列.在21个创立者中共检出9种线粒体DNA单倍型.发现大熊猫的遗传分化程度很低,地理群体间无显著的遗传隔离.大熊猫现生群体可能源于晚更新世,并受瓶颈效应的影响.在此之后,其遗传多样性得到了一定程度的恢复.