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1.
Tarjan Kaliaperumal S. Kumar Sathyanarayana N. Gummadi Anju Chadha 《Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology》2010,37(2):159-165
Asymmetric reduction of ethyl-4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate to (S)-ethyl-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate in aqueous medium by resting cells of Candida parapsilosis ATCC 7330 was optimized. The influence of culture parameters (inoculum size, inoculum age and biocatalyst harvest time) and reaction parameters (co-substrate, resting cell, pH and substrate concentrations) on the asymmetric reduction were studied. It was found that these parameters significantly influenced the rate of the asymmetric reduction. Under the optimum conditions, the final concentration of (S)-ethyl-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate, enantiomeric excess and the isolated yield of (S)-ethyl-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate were 1.38 M (230 g/l), >99 and 95%, respectively. The space time yield was 115 mmol/lh, which is significantly higher than other whole cell biocatalysts reported so far. 相似文献
2.
Some interesting cultural observations on Scytonema stuposum (Kuetz.) Born., were recorded. It was observed that frequently one or more terminal cells of a branch get cut off but they still remain attached over the sheath of the mother filament. Even in this condition such structures continue their growth and may become a multicellular body. Later, such a structure gets detached from the mother filament and serve as a hormogonium. 相似文献
3.
A chemically defined medium was established for the growth of tissue cultures of Holarrhena antidysenterica. Administration of cholesterol-[4-14C] to 10-day-old callus yielded radioactive 24-methylenecholesterol, 28-isofucosterol, sitosterol, stigmasterol, and conessine, thereby indicating that the conversion of cholesterol into sitosterol is mediated through 24-methylenecholesterol and 28-isofucosterol in this system. 相似文献
4.
5.
Lord Wasim Reza Srinath Satyanarayna Donald A. Enarson Ajay M. V. Kumar Karuna Sagili Sujeet Kumar Levi Anand Prabhakar N. M. Devendrappa Ashish Pandey Nevin Wilson Sarabjit Chadha Badri Thapa Kuldeep Singh Sachdeva Mohan P. Kohli 《PloS one》2013,8(10)
Background
Light-emitting diode fluorescence microscopy (LED-FM) has been shown to be more sensitive than conventional bright field microscopy using Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) stain in detecting sputum smear positive tuberculosis in controlled laboratory conditions. In 2012, Auramine O staining based LED-FM replaced conventional ZN microscopy in 200 designated microscopy centres (DMC) of medical colleges operating in collaboration with India’s Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme. We aimed to assess the impact of introduction of LED-FM services on sputum smear positive case detection under program conditions.Methods
This was a before and after comparison study. In 15 randomly selected medical college DMCs, all presumptive TB patients who underwent sputum smear examination in the years 2011 (before LED-FM) and 2012 (after LED-FM) were compared. An additional 15 comparable DMCs that implemented conventional ZN sputum smear microscopy were also selected for comparison between 2011 and 2012.Results
The proportion of presumptive TB patients (PTP)found sputum smear positive increased by 30%- from 13.6% (3432/25159) in 2011 to 17.8% (4706/26426) in 2012 (P value <0.01) in the sites that implemented LED-FM microscopy, whereas in DMCs where the ZN staining procedure is followed the proportion of sputum smear positive had remained unchanged (13.0%versus 12.6%;P value0.31).Conclusion
Use of LED-FM significantly increased the proportion of smear positive cases among presumptive TB patients under routine program conditions in high workload laboratories. The study provides operational evidence needed to scale-up the use of LED-FM in similar settings in India and beyond. 相似文献6.
Gaganmeet Singh Chadha Agnieszka Gambus Peter J. Gillespie 《Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.)》2016,15(16):2183-2195
During S phase, following activation of the S phase CDKs and the DBF4-dependent kinases (DDK), double hexamers of Mcm2-7 at licensed replication origins are activated to form the core replicative helicase. Mcm10 is one of several proteins that have been implicated from work in yeasts to play a role in forming a mature replisome during the initiation process. Mcm10 has also been proposed to play a role in promoting replisome stability after initiation has taken place. The role of Mcm10 is particularly unclear in metazoans, where conflicting data has been presented. Here, we investigate the role and regulation of Mcm10 in Xenopus egg extracts. We show that Xenopus Mcm10 is recruited to chromatin late in the process of replication initiation and this requires prior action of DDKs and CDKs. We also provide evidence that Mcm10 is a CDK substrate but does not need to be phosphorylated in order to associate with chromatin. We show that in extracts depleted of more than 99% of Mcm10, the bulk of DNA replication still occurs, suggesting that Mcm10 is not required for the process of replication initiation. However, in extracts depleted of Mcm10, the replication fork elongation rate is reduced. Furthermore, the absence of Mcm10 or its phosphorylation by CDK results in instability of replisome proteins on DNA, which is particularly important under conditions of replication stress. 相似文献
7.
Genotyping over 100,000 SNPs on a pair of oligonucleotide arrays 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Matsuzaki H Dong S Loi H Di X Liu G Hubbell E Law J Berntsen T Chadha M Hui H Yang G Kennedy GC Webster TA Cawley S Walsh PS Jones KW Fodor SP Mei R 《Nature methods》2004,1(2):109-111
We present a genotyping method for simultaneously scoring 116,204 SNPs using oligonucleotide arrays. At call rates >99%, reproducibility is >99.97% and accuracy, as measured by inheritance in trios and concordance with the HapMap Project, is >99.7%. Average intermarker distance is 23.6 kb, and 92% of the genome is within 100 kb of a SNP marker. Average heterozygosity is 0.30, with 105,511 SNPs having minor allele frequencies >5%. 相似文献
8.
Rubinder K Chadha BS Singh N Saini HS Singh S 《Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology》2002,29(2):70-74
Thermomyces lanuginosus was subjected to three cycles of mutagenesis (UV/NTG) and a selection procedure to develop amylase-hyperproducing, catabolite-repression-resistant
and partially constitutive strains. One of the selected derepressed mutant strain III51, produced ∼7- and 3-fold higher specific activity of α-amylase (190 U/mg protein) and glucoamylase (105 U/mg protein), respectively,
compared to a wild-type parental strain. Further, the effect of production parameters on mutant strain III51 was studied using a Box–Behnken design. The regression models computed showed significantly high R
2 values of 96 and 97% for α-amylase and glucoamylase activities, respectively, indicating that they are appropriate for predicting
relationships between corn flour, soybean meal and pH with α-amylase and glucoamylase production. Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology (2002) 29, 70–74 doi:10.1038/sj.jim.7000270
Received 05 July 2001/ Accepted in revised form 16 April 2002 相似文献
9.
The study is aimed at exploring the utility of thermoanalytical methods in the solid-state characterization of various crystalline
forms of nevirapine. The different forms obtained by recrystallization of nevirapine from various solvents were identified
using differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The appearance of desolvation peak accompanied
by weight loss in TGA indicated the formation of solvates: hemi-ethanolate (Form I), hemi-acetonitrilate (Form II), hemi-chloroformate
(Form III), hemi-THF solvate (Form IV), mixed hemi-ethanolate hemi-hydrate (Form V), and hemi-toluenate (Form VI). The higher
desolvation temperatures of all the solvates except toluenate than their respective boiling point indicate tighter binding
of solvent. Emphasis has been laid on the determination of heat capacity and heat of solution utilizing microreaction calorimeter
to further distinguish the various forms. The enthalpy of solution (ΔH
sol), an indirect measure of the lattice energy of a solid, was well correlated with the crystallinity of all the solid forms
obtained. The magnitude of ΔH
sol was found to be −14.14 kJ/mol for Form I and −2.83 kJ/mol for Form V in phosphate buffer of pH 2, exhibiting maximum ease
of molecular release from the lattice in Form I. The heat capacity for solvation (ΔC
p) was found to be positive, providing information about the state of solvent molecules in the host lattice. The solubility
and dissolution rate of the forms were also found to be in agreement with their enthalpy of solution. Form (I), being the
most exothermic, was found to be the most soluble of all the forms. 相似文献
10.
Sumant Puri Rohitashw Kumar Sonia Chadha Swetha Tati Heather R. Conti Bernhard Hube Paul J. Cullen Mira Edgerton 《PloS one》2012,7(11)
Perception of external stimuli and generation of an appropriate response are crucial for host colonization by pathogens. In pathogenic fungi, mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways regulate dimorphism, biofilm/mat formation, and virulence. Signaling mucins, characterized by a heavily glycosylated extracellular domain, a transmembrane domain, and a small cytoplasmic domain, are known to regulate various signaling pathways. In Candida albicans, the mucin Msb2 regulates the Cek1 MAPK pathway. We show here that Msb2 is localized to the yeast cell wall and is further enriched on hyphal surfaces. A msb2Δ/Δ strain formed normal hyphae but had biofilm defects. Cek1 (but not Mkc1) phosphorylation was absent in the msb2Δ/Δ mutant. The extracellular domain of Msb2 was shed in cells exposed to elevated temperature and carbon source limitation, concomitant with germination and Cek1 phosphorylation. Msb2 shedding occurred differentially in cells grown planktonically or on solid surfaces in the presence of cell wall and osmotic stressors. We further show that Msb2 shedding and Cek1 phosphorylation were inhibited by addition of Pepstatin A (PA), a selective inhibitor of aspartic proteases (Saps). Analysis of combinations of Sap protease mutants identified a sap8Δ/Δ mutant with reduced MAPK signaling along with defects in biofilm formation, thereby suggesting that Sap8 potentially serves as a major regulator of Msb2 processing. We further show that loss of either Msb2 (msb2Δ/Δ) or Sap8 (sap8Δ/Δ) resulted in higher C. albicans surface β-glucan exposure and msb2Δ/Δ showed attenuated virulence in a murine model of oral candidiasis. Thus, Sap-mediated proteolytic cleavage of Msb2 is required for activation of the Cek1 MAPK pathway in response to environmental cues including those that induce germination. Inhibition of Msb2 processing at the level of Saps may provide a means of attenuating MAPK signaling and reducing C. albicans virulence. 相似文献