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Lucas Torres Eric Pante Jacob GonzlezSolís Amlia Viricel Ccile Ribout Francis Zino Will MacKin Carine Precheur Julie Tourmetz Licia Calabrese Teresa Milito Laura Zango Hadoram Shirihai Vincent Bretagnolle 《Ecology and evolution》2021,11(21):14960
Seabirds, particularly Procellariiformes, are highly mobile organisms with a great capacity for long dispersal, though simultaneously showing high philopatry, two conflicting life‐history traits that may lead to contrasted patterns of genetic population structure. Landmasses were suggested to explain differentiation patterns observed in seabirds, but philopatry, isolation by distance, segregation between breeding and nonbreeding zones, and oceanographic conditions (sea surface temperatures) may also contribute to differentiation patterns. To our knowledge, no study has simultaneously contrasted the multiple factors contributing to the diversification of seabird species, especially in the gray zone of speciation. We conducted a multilocus phylogeographic study on a widespread seabird species complex, the little shearwater complex, showing highly homogeneous morphology, which led to considerable taxonomic debate. We sequenced three mitochondrial and six nuclear markers on all extant populations from the Atlantic (lherminieri) and Indian Oceans (bailloni), that is, five nominal lineages from 13 populations, along with one population from the eastern Pacific Ocean (representing the dichrous lineage). We found sharp differentiation among populations separated by the African continent with both mitochondrial and nuclear markers, while only mitochondrial markers allowed characterizing the five nominal lineages. No differentiation could be detected within these five lineages, questioning the strong level of philopatry showed by these shearwaters. Finally, we propose that Atlantic populations likely originated from the Indian Ocean. Within the Atlantic, a stepping‐stone process accounts for the current distribution. Based on our divergence time estimates, we suggest that the observed pattern of differentiation mostly resulted from historical and current variation in sea surface temperatures. 相似文献
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Brahima?KirakoyaEmail author Barnabé?Zango Abdoul?Karim?Paré Aristide?Fasnéwendé?Kaboré Clotaire?Yaméogo 《Andrologie》2014,24(1):16
Elephantiasis of the external genitalia is characterized by lymphedema and thickening of the subcutaneous tissues. This gives the skin an appearance similar to a pachyderm skin. This pathology is invalidating for the patient. Reconstructive surgery is often the only way to restaure aesthetic and functional aspects of the external genitalia. We aim to report a 52 year man with huge penoscrotal elephantiasis who underwent excision and penoscrotal reconstruction at the department of Urology, Yalgado Ouedraogo Teaching Hospital at Ouagadougou. 相似文献
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Judith G. Makombu Francesca Stomeo Pius M. Oben Eldridge Tilly Opiyo O. Stephen Benedicta O. Oben Evans K. Cheruiyot Getinet Mekuriaw Tarekegn Paul Zango Atem E. Egbe Abigail Ndagyong Eric Mialhe Jules R. Ngueguim Fidalis D. N. Mujibi 《Ecology and evolution》2019,9(24):14217-14233
Macrobrachium (Bate, 1868) is a large and cosmopolitan crustacean genus of high economic importance worldwide. We investigated the morphological and molecular identification of freshwater prawns of the genus Macrobrachium in South, South West, and Littoral regions of Cameroon. A total of 1,566 specimens were examined morphologically using a key described by Konan (Diversité morphologique et génétique des crevettes des genres Atya Leach, 1816 et Macrobrachium Bate, 1868 de Côte d'Ivoire, 2009, Université d'Abobo Adjamé, Côte d'Ivoire), leading to the identification of seven species of Macrobrachium: M. vollenhovenii (Herklots, 1857); M. macrobrachion (Herklots, 1851); M. sollaudii (De Man, 1912); M. dux (Lenz, 1910); M. chevalieri (Roux, 1935); M. felicinum (Holthuis, 1949); and an undescribed Macrobrachium species M. sp. To validate the genetic basis of the identified species, 94 individuals representing the species were selected and subjected to genetic characterization using 1,814 DArT markers. The admixture analysis revealed four groups: M. vollenhovenii and M. macrobrachion; M. chevalieri; M. felicinum and M. sp; and M. dux and M. sollaudii. But, the principal component analysis (PCA) separated M. sp and M. felicinum to create additional group (i.e., five groups). Based on these findings, M. vollenhovenii and M. macrobrachion may be conspecific, as well as M. dux and M. sollaudii, while M. felicinum and M. sp seems to be different species, suggesting a potential conflict between the morphological identification key and the genetic basis underlying speciation and species allocation for Macrobrachium. These results are valuable in informing breeding design and genetic resource conservation programs for Macrobrachium in Africa. 相似文献
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Vi T. Dang Lexy H. Zhong Aric Huang Arlinda Deng Geoff H. Werstuck 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2018,14(7):92
Introduction
Three out of four people with diabetes will die of cardiovascular disease. However, the molecular mechanisms by which hyperglycemia promotes atherosclerosis, the major underlying cause of cardiovascular disease, are not clear.Objectives
Three distinct models of hyperglycemia-associated accelerated atherosclerosis were used to identify commonly altered metabolites and pathways associated with the disease.Methods
Normoglycemic apolipoprotein-E-deficient mice served as atherosclerotic control. Hyperglycemia was induced by multiple low-dose streptozotocin injections, or by introducing a point-mutation in one copy of insulin-2 gene. Glucosamine-supplemented mice, which experience accelerated atherosclerosis to a similar extent as hyperglycemia-induced models without alterations in glucose or insulin levels, were also included in the analysis. Untargeted plasma metabolomics were used to investigate hyperglycemia-associated accelerated atherosclerosis in three disease models. The effect of specific significantly altered metabolites on pro-atherogenic processes was investigated in cultured human vascular cells.Results
Hyperglycemic and glucosamine-supplemented mice showed distinct metabolomic profiles compared to controls. Meta-analysis of three disease models revealed 62 similarly altered metabolite features (FDR-adjusted p?<?0.05). Identification of shared metabolites revealed alterations in glycerophospholipid and sphingolipid metabolism, and pro-atherogenic processes including inflammation and oxidative stress. Post-multivariate and pathway analyses indicated that the glycosphingolipid pathway is strongly associated with hyperglycemia-induced accelerated atherosclerosis in these atherogenic mouse models. Glycosphingolipids induced oxidative stress and inflammation in cultured human vascular cells.Conclusion
Glycosphingolipids are strongly associated with hyperglycemia-induced accelerated atherosclerosis in three distinct models. They also promote pro-atherogenic processes in cultured human cells. These results suggest glycosphingolipid pathway may be a potential therapeutic target to block or slow atherogenesis in diabetic patients.6.
Objective
To evaluate the epidemiologic, diagnostic and therapeutic features of testicular torsion in adults aged 15 years and older.Materials and methods
A retrospective study was conducted from January 2004 to June 2010 in the general surgery emergency unit and urology department of the CHU Yalgado-Ouedraogo of Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso). Medical records of 51 patients who were suspected of torsion of spermatic cord were included in this study.Results
Torsion of spermatic cord was confirmed in 40 patients (78.4%) after scrotal exploration. The average age was 26 years (range 16–55 years). The average duration from the time of onset of pain to arrival at the emergency department was 24.6 hours, and 84.3% of the patients arrived after 6 hours. Hemi-scrotal tumefaction and ascended testicle were the main clinical findings. Orchidectomy was performed in 22 patients (55%). Post-operative findings were good for all patients, and the average hospital stay was 4.3 days (range 2–7 days).Conclusion
In our study, a high proportion of patients underwent orchidectomy. We suggest that actions must be taken to educate men about testicular pain and to receive timely treatment in case of any testicular pain. 相似文献7.
Oumarou Zango Emira Cherif Nathalie Chabrillange Salwa Zehdi-Azouzi Muriel Gros-Balthazard Summar Abbas Naqvi Alain Lemansour Hervé Rey Yacoubou Bakasso Frédérique Aberlenc 《Tree Genetics & Genomes》2017,13(4):75
Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is mainly cultivated for its edible fruit and is of great socio-economic importance for the populations of arid zones. Analysis of the date palm genetic diversity in the Old World had revealed a strong genetic structure with the existence of two gene pools, one Eastern comprising Asia and Djibouti, and one Western, consisting of North African accessions. So far, mainly date palm populations from countries within the Maghreb and the Middle East were characterized, but no information from the Sahel was included. Here, we present the genetic diversity of date palms from Southeastern Niger. The DNA of 113 date palm accessions were analyzed and compared with a database containing the genetic information of 248 accessions from the Old World. The diversity generated from microsatellite markers was compared to that of the same loci of both the Eastern and Western genetic pools. Our results show that date palms from Southeastern Niger constitute a unique group with a high level of genetic diversity. Moreover, even though this group is included in the Western genetic pool, it shows a specific originality which differentiates it from other Western populations. It also shows one of the lowest admixture levels of the Western pool. Global analysis showed a secondary genetic structure within the Western pool highlighting a new genetic group located in Southeastern Niger that distinguishes itself from the North African group. 相似文献
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Decreased Recombination Through the Use of a Non‐Fullerene Acceptor in a 6.4% Efficient Organic Planar Heterojunction Solar Cell 下载免费PDF全文
Bregt Verreet Kjell Cnops David Cheyns Paul Heremans Andre Stesmans German Zango Christian G. Claessens Tomas Torres Barry P. Rand 《Liver Transplantation》2014,4(8)
An optimization of several aspects of planar heterojunction solar cells based on boron subnaphthalocyanine chloride (SubNc) as a donor material is presented. The use of hexachlorinated boron subphthalocyanine chloride (Cl6SubPc) as an alternative acceptor to C60 allows for the simultaneous increase of the short‐circuit current, fill factor, and open‐circuit voltage compared to cells with fullerene acceptors. This is due to the complementary absorption of Cl6SubPc versus SubNc, reduced recombination at the heterointerface, and improved energetic alignment. Furthermore, insertion of a thin diindeno[1,2,3‐cd:1′,2′,3′‐lm]perylene (DIP) layer at the anode results in a very significant 60% increase in photocurrent owing to reduced exciton quenching at the anode. The simultaneous improvement of all three solar cell parameters results in a power conversion efficiency of 6.4% for a non‐fullerene planar heterojunction cell. 相似文献
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Evaluation of Cassava Cultivars for Resistance to Cassava Mosaic Disease and Yield Potential in Central African Republic 下载免费PDF全文
Innocent Zinga Frédéric Chiroleu Adonise Valam Zango Christian Simplice Arnaud Ballot Mireille Harimalala Ephrem Kosh Komba Prosper Simplice Yandia Silla Semballa Bernard Reynaud Pierre Lefeuvre Jean‐Michel Lett Jacques Dintinger 《Journal of Phytopathology》2016,164(11-12):913-923
Eleven cassava genotypes were tested against cassava mosaic disease (CMD) and compared to a local susceptible cultivar in field conditions from June 2011 to July 2012 in Central African Republic (CAR) at two sites representative of the savanna (Damara) and forest (Pissa) zones of the country. The mean number of whiteflies observed on plants varied among genotypes within each site, but was found nearly three times higher at Damara than at Pissa, resulting in a CMD incidence nearly five times higher at Damara than at Pissa. However, no relation was observed between the number of insect on the plants and the level of susceptibility/resistance of the genotypes. The difference of disease pressure between the two sites revealed high level of resistance in several genotypes, while some other ones indicated rather only a partial resistance. Nevertheless, none of the genotypes tested was found immune, in the end, the virus being detected at least in one site in every genotype, including those ones presenting no symptoms in both sites. The impact of CMD on yield components was assessed on the local susceptible check and three partially resistant genotypes, showing that the disease has no significant effect on the tuberous roots number as well as their weight in both sites. The yield potential varied among different genotypes and between the two sites, the mean number of tuberous roots as well as their mean weight being higher in Damara than in Pissa. This study identified highly resistant genotypes such as ‘Gabon’ that performed well in both sites, and ‘91/02322’ that was symptomless and presented a yield potential equivalent to the local check. These genotypes could be distributed to growers with the main advantage to be resistant to CMD and, therefore, reducing the risk to spread sources of inoculum all over the cassava cropping areas in the country. 相似文献
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Karine Dubé Arlinda Zango Janneke van de Wijgert Ivete Meque Josefo J. Ferro Fidelina Cumbe Pai Lien Chen Sabrina Ma Erik Jolles Afonso Fumo Merlin L. Robb Paul J. Feldblum 《PloS one》2014,9(1)